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    Cytochrome P450 aromatase expression in canine nervous tissue: an immunohistochemical study
    (Polish Acad Sciences, Committee Veterinary Sciences, 2008) Karahan, S.; Yarim, M.; Harada, N.
    The enzyme cytochrome P450 aromatase is responsible for conversion of androgens to estrogens. Estrogens have been implicated in neurophysiology and neuropathology. The present study investigated the presence of aromatase immuno reactivity in the temporal, parietal and occipital cortices, olfactory bulb, cerebellum, and choroid plexus of the normal dog. Aromatase immunoreactivity was localized exclusively in neurons in the cortices and olfactory bulb. Immunoreactivity was also present in a small number of astrocytes in the substantia alba of the cerebellum. In the cortical regions, immunoreactive neurons, morphologically identified as pyramidal cells, were found throughout Layer 11 down to Layer VI, but not all pyramidal neurons were immunoreactive. In the olfactory bulb, immunoreactive neurons were mainly observed in mitral cells and inner granular cell layers. In the cerebellum, immunoreactivity was present in neurons of the deep cerebellar nuclei and in some neurons of the molecular and granular cell layers. Immunoreactivity was also present in endothelial cells of the subarachnoid vessels and those adjacent to ventricles in the cortex. The presence of well defined cytoplasmic aromatase immunoreactivity in neurons, some astrocytes, and endothelial cells suggests estrogen involvement in CNS physiology and function in the dog. The presence of aromatase in ependymal cells lining cerebral ventricles and choroid epithelial cells suggests that these cells may be partially responsible for estrogen concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid.
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    Distribution of 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in the Cerebellum in Canine Distemper Virus Infection
    (Academic Press Ltd Elsevier Science Ltd, 2002) Yarim, M.; Kabakci, N.
    The cerebella of eight dogs naturally infected with canine distemper virus (CDV) and two normal dogs were examined immunohistochemically for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD). The clinical diagnosis of canine distemper was Confirmed histopathologically and by the immunohistochemical demonstration of CDV antigen. In all dogs (healthy and infected), the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum were immunolabelled for 3beta-HSD activity. In infected dogs, 3beta-HSD labelling was prominent in astrocytes (particularly in areas of astrocytosis) whereas in healthy dogs such immunolabelling was weak. Double immunolabelling demonstrated that all GFAP-positive cells (especially in demyelinating areas) were also positive for 3beta-HSD. The results suggest that 3beta-HSD expression by astrocytes is associated with demyelination in CDV infection. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Pathological, clinical and biochemical investigation of naturally occuring pregnancy toxemia of sheep
    (Veterinary Faculty, 2003) Kabakci, N.; Yarim, G.; Yarim, M.; Duru, O.; Yagci, B.B.; Kisa, U.
    A sick ewe in late pregnancy presented with clinical incoordination, lipping, amaurosis, head tilt gait and nervous symptoms such as circling movements. A smell of ketones on the breath was detected. The sick animal died during clinical examination and, together with three more dead animals belonging to the same flock, was submitted to the laboratory for necropsy. The uteri of all pregnant animals contained late-term twin fetuses. The most prominent lesion was extensive fatty infiltration of the liver Massive lipidosis and lipid vacuoles were seen in sections of the livers. In three brains, there was prominent vacuolation in the white matter Urine analysis revealed ketonuria in most of the suspected sheep from the same flock. Serum glucose, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood urea nitrogen concentrations were lower (pless than or equal to0.05) and serum triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities were higher (pless than or equal to0.05) in these sheep than in the controls. After a change of diet and treatment, with glucose and dexamethasone serum glucose levels significantly increased (pless than or equal to0.001) and urine ketone bodies decreased but the other biocemical differences remained.