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Öğe A comparative histopathological evaluation of acute toxicities associated with Scillaren-A, corn cob powder and their combinations in rats(2022) Sevin, Sedat; Alçığır, Mehmet Eray; Özkurt, Mustafa; Yurdabakan, Zekeriya; Yalçın, Ömer; Yarsan, EnderThe purpose of the study was to comparatively evaluate the efficacy of Scillaren-A in rats. A total of 32 female Wistar albino rats were used to develop acute toxicity for 48 h. The rats were randomly divided into four groups including n=8 / each group (G.I-G.IV). Toxicity groups (G.I, G.II, and G.III) and control group (G.IV) were established. The experimental groups were intoxicated with scillaren A, corn cob powder, and their combinations, respectively. The rats in the control group were remained intoxicated and fed with standard pellets. The experiment was ended 48 hours after the intoxication. Histopathological findings in vital organs (liver, kidney, lung, heart, brain) and then other organs (intestine, spleen) were evaluated. Tissues were fixed in 10% buffered formalin (pH=7.2) and embedded in paraffin. The histopathologic findings were evaluated on the standard H&E stained sections. The major histopathological changes, vascular changes including hyperemia and haemorrhagia, alterative changes including degeneration and necrosis, inflammation, some regenerative and reparative changes including hyperplasia and fibrosis in organs were scored. It is believed that both formulations can be effective on death later on, be utilized as a rodenticide without environmental toxic effect, and be consumed rapidly by rats due to their attractive chemical traits.Öğe Ankara, Konya ve Bolu illerinden toplanan ruminant ve kanatlı yemlerinde toplam aflatoksin, aflatoksin B1 ve okratoksin A kalıntılarının araştırılması(2011) Altıntaş, Levent; Ekici, Hüsamettin; Yarsan, Ender; Çakır, Serkan; Evrensel, Mehmet Fatih; Tokgöz, Berat SelimBu araştırmada Ankara, Konya ve Bolu illerinden toplanan ruminant ve kanatlı yemlerinde toplam aflatoksin (AfTotal), aflatoksin B1 (AfB1) ve okratoksin A (OA) düzeylerinin ELISA yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmesi amaçlandı. ELISA yöntemi kullanılarak toplam 150 adet hayvan yemi örneğinde AfB1, AfTotal ve 56 adet örnekte de OA analizleri yapıldı. Numunelerin %90,2’sinde (138 adet) AfB1, %90,2’sinde (138 adet) AfTotal ve %91,07’sinde (51 adet) OA farklı düzeylerde saptandı. Analiz edilen yemlerin %5,07’sindeki AfB1 düzeylerinin (7 adet yem) yemlerde bulunmasına izin verilen değerlerin üzerinde olduğu tespit edildi. Benzer şekilde yemlerin %3,92’sindeki (2 adet) OA değerlerinin yemlerde bulunmasına izin verilen değerlerin üzerinde olduğu bulundu. Sonuç olarak, analizleri yapılan yemlerin büyük bir bölümünün mikotoksinler yönünden bulaşık olmasına rağmen, saptanan bu miktarların örneklerin büyük bir bölümünde yemlerde bulunmasına izin verilen sınırlar içerisinde olduğu gözlendi.Öğe Concentrations of Essential and Non-essential Toxic Trace Elements in Wild Boar (Sus Scrofa L., 1758) Tissues from Southern Turkey(Springer, 2014) Yarsan, Ender; Yipel, Mustafa; Dikmen, Bilal; Altintas, Levent; Ekici, Hüsamettin; Köksal, AliWild animals, including wild boars, are suitable for use as bioindicators. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of selected essential (Co, Cu, Fe, Se, Zn) and non-essential (As, Cd, Pb) potentially toxic trace elements in various tissues (hair and hoof) of wild boars hunted in the vicinity of Antalya province in Turkey, in relation to hunting seasons. Concentrations in mg/kg on dry weight basis were determined as 0.37 +/- A 0.27 mg/kg for As, 0.05 +/- A 0.04 mg/kg for Cd, 0.24 +/- A 0.33 mg/kg for Co, 4.84 +/- A 2.48 mg/kg for Cu, 289.94 +/- A 165.26 mg/kg for Fe, 8.71 +/- A 15.68 mg/kg for Pb, 0.24 +/- A 0.10 mg/kg for Se, and 28.99 +/- A 21.41 mg/kg for Zn in the hair samples; and as 0.11 +/- A 0.04 mg/kg for As, 0.01 +/- A 0.04 mg/kg for Cd, 0.01 +/- A 0.01 mg/kg for Co, 1.03 +/- A 0.25 mg/kg for Cu, 56.88 +/- A 18.68 mg/kg for Fe, 0.30 +/- A 0.18 mg/kg for Pb, 0.11 +/- A 0.05 mg/kg for Se, and 17.91 +/- A 10.98 mg/kg for Zn in the hoof samples.Öğe Determination of the Metal Contents of Honey Samples from Orumieh in Iran(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Saghaei, Shahram; Ekici, Husamettin; Demirbas, Mevlut; Yarsan, Ender; Tumer, IlyasIn this study the concentrations of metals in 89 different honey samples were collected, from four different areas of Orumieh City, in Iran from September of 2009 were investigated. Most of the samples were obtained from beekeepers located at a distance of 10 km from the roadside, to their accommodation. Pb, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, As and Ni were detected in all of the honey samples. The contents of metals in honey samples were found to be in the range of 0.04 +/- 0.1 ppm, 0.001 +/- 0.002 ppm, 7.09 +/- 9.4 ppm, 0.6 +/- 0.9 ppm 0.06 +/- 0.1 ppm, 9.99 +/- 26.5 ppm, 0.0008 +/- 0.0011 ppm, 0.003 +/- 0.005 ppm for Pb, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, As and Ni respectively. At the end of the study the Pb levels were found to be lower than the maximum residue limits of the European Union. Other metal levels were within acceptable levels. It was detected that the honey which was collected was of good quality from the point of metal contents.Öğe Effect of Different Conservation Conditions on the Active Compounds and Pharmacovigilance Screening of Different Florfenicol Preparations(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2013) Ekici, Husamettin; Yarsan, EnderThis study was aimed to evaluate the state of utilization of florfenicol, along with the investigation of adverse drug reactions and to evaluate the active substance content in different storage conditions. In this study, three different preparations were kept in different storage conditions and active substance content along with physical composition was determined at the beginning, 3rd, 6th and 9th months. No physical difference was observed for different condition storage preparations. In pharmacovigilance surveys; adverse drug declarations in which veterinarian reported were mostly from the second drug, following the third drug and the first drug lastly. Overall, active substance content lost was seen for the first drug groups. No significant difference of florfenicol levels (P>0.05) was observed for the second and the third drug groups stored both in room temperature and +4 degrees C for the initial, 3rd, 6th and 9th month periods.Öğe The effect of seasonal variations on the occurrence of certain mycotoxins in concentrate feeds for cattle collected from some provinces in Turkey(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2016) Ekici, Husamettin; Yildirim, Ebru; Yarsan, EnderThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of seasonal variations on the occurrence of total aflatoxin (AFTotal), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and total fumonisin (FTotal) in the commercially mixed ruminant feed obtained from feed mills located in Ankara, Kirikkale, Cankiri, Corum, and Kirsehir provinces using the enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method. To represent the annual production, 22 samples were collected every quarter over 1 year (a total of 88 samples) starting in September 2012. AFTotal and AFB1 were detected in 72 samples (81.81%), OTA in 84 samples (95.45%), and FTotal in 83 samples (94.31%). When seasonal changes were taken into consideration, the highest levels of AFTotal, AFB1, and FTotal (13.57 +/- 8.78 ppb, 8.54 +/- 6.02 ppb, and 0.70 +/- 0.88 ppm, respectively) were found in the summer, while the highest OTA level (57.69 +/- 14.59 ppb) was observed in the spring. The results of high-performance liquid chromatography methods confirmed the results of the ELISA method. Consequently, although most of the feed samples were contaminated with mycotoxins, all the amounts were within the limits allowed for feedstuffs in Turkey.Öğe The effect of seasonal variations on the occurrence of certain mycotoxins inconcentrate feeds for cattle collected from some provinces in Turkey(2016) Ekici, Hüsamettin; Yıldırım, Ebru; Yarsan, EnderThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of seasonal variations on the occurrence of total aflatoxin (AFTotal), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and total fumonisin (FTotal) in the commercially mixed ruminant feed obtained from feed mills located in Ankara, Kırıkkale, çankırı, çorum, and Kırşehir provinces using the enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method. To represent the annual production, 22 samples were collected every quarter over 1 year (a total of 88 samples) starting in September 2012. AFTotal and AFB1 were detected in 72 samples (81.81%), OTA in 84 samples (95.45%), and FTotal in 83 samples (94.31%). When seasonal changes were taken into consideration, the highest levels of AFTotal, AFB1, and FTotal (13.57 ± 8.78 ppb, 8.54 ± 6.02 ppb, and 0.70 ± 0.88 ppm, respectively) were found in the summer, while the highest OTA level (57.69 ± 14.59 ppb) was observed in the spring. The results of high-performance liquid chromatography methods confirmed the results of the ELISA method. Consequently, although most of the feed samples were contaminated with mycotoxins, all the amounts were within the limits allowed for feedstuffs in Turkey.Öğe Effects of Halothane and Isoflurane Anaesthesia on Antioxidant Enzymes in Dogs(Medwell Online, 2010) Yarsan, Ender; Gurkan, Mehmet; Pekcan, Zeynep; Ince, Sinan; Kumandas, AliFree radicals, along with the impairment of biological membranes and cellular structures and increased biological activity, come out with the results of the changes in the activity of the enzymes followed by the damages of cellular function and metabolism This condition was attributed to the initiation effects of anaeshetics and other drugs which are used throughout the general anaesthesia General anaesthesia which is constructed with using many drugs which have various physicochemical structures is a condition affecting lipid peroxidation in the organism directly or indirectly In the frame of the study, the effects of halothane and isoflurane used in the anaesthesia on Malonyldialdehyde (MDA) concentration were investigated The study was carried out on 14 dogs with various breeds, ages and sexes which were admitted to Kirikkale University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and with various signs of complaint and determined as healthy according to the clinical and haemotological examination In the experiment, halothane (1-2 5%) and isoflurane (1-3%) were investigated as the anaesthetic substances Diazepam (0 3 mg kg(-1), IM) was administered as preanesthesia and thiopenthal sodium (10 mg kg(-1), IV) was administered for the induction of anesthesia to dogs Halothane and isoflurane were administered to the dogs in the first and second group, respectively The duration of anaesthesia was determined as 60 mm Five blood samples were taken from the animals at the time prior to premedication, immediately before the gas anaesthesia, after 1 h of the initiation of anaesthesia, 3 and 24 h after the end of anaesthesia into the heparinated tubes Malonyldialdehyde levels were measured in plasma During the experimental period, body temperatures, heart rate, respiration rate and blood oxygen saturation values were recorded Malondialdehyde levels measured during the halothane anaesthesia were numerically lower than those determined in isoflurane anaesthesia in same time period However, they reached the same levels prior to the anaesthesia within 24 h m both groups The differences between the two groups were statistically insignificant (p>0 05) Additionally, there were no significant differences in body temperature, heart rate, respiration rate and blood oxygen saturation values between the anaesthethic drugs Results of the comparisons of time and drug type showed that anaesthesia procedures using both halothane and isoflurane did not have any negative effect on the oxidative metabolism in dogsÖğe Evaluation of effects of enrofloxacin on some haematological parameters in broilers(2011) Ibrahım, Ishrage G.; Atmaca, Nurgül; Kanıcı, Ayşe; Yarsan, EnderBu çalışmada, enrofloksasinin yüksek dozlarının broyler piliçlerde bazı kan parametreleri üzerine etkileri araştırıldı. Toplam 50 adet, Ross-308, 1 günlük erkek broyler kullanıldı. Broylerler (10 günlük) dört gruba ayrıldı: Grup 1 (kontrol) ve Grup 2, 3 ve 4’e sırasıyla 10, 100 ve 200 mg/kg vücut ağırlığı olacak şekilde 30 gün boyunca enrofloksasin uygulaması yapıldı. Tedavi süresi sonunda kan değerlerini belirlemek amacıyla kan örnekleri toplandı. Kan parametreleri manuel metotla tespit edildi. RBC Grup 3 ve 4’te düşük; Hb, Grup 2’de yüksek, Grup 3 ve 4’te düşük; MCV düzeyleri Grup 3 ve 4’te yüksek; MCH, Grup 2, 3’te yüksek, Grup 4’te düşük; MCHC, Grup 3 ve 4’te düşük bulundu. WBC değerinde Grup 3 ve 4’te azalma vardı. Bu çalışmada, enrofloksasinin önerilen 10 mg/kg dozunun yaklaşık 10 ve 20 katının 30 gün boyunca ağız yoluyla uygulanmasının, broylerlerde bazı hematolojik değerleri değiştirdiği sonucuna varıldı. Bununla birlikte, broylerlerde anemi ve lökopeni şekillendiği belirlendi.
