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Öğe Associations between leptin, body condition score, and energy metabolites in Holstein primiparous and multiparous cows from 2 to 8 weeks postpartum(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2017) Colakoglu, H. E.; Polat, I. M.; Vural, M. R.; Kuplulu, S.; Pekcan, M.; Yazlik, M. O.; Baklaci, C.The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum leptin and body condition score (BCS) during the postpartum period in Holstein cows. We also explored the potential associations with other metabolic traits and fertility parameters. Primiparous and multiparous cows were subjected to leptin analysis on calving day. Starting at the second week postpartum, cows underwent seven weeks of weekly monitoring of serum concentrations of NEFA, BHB, leptin, cholesterol, AST, and bilirubin. During study, BCS changes were recorded, and the genital tract was assessed by ultrasonography and some fertility parameters were evaluated. During the study period, primiparous cows showed a lower mean BCS (P < 0.05). Leptin concentrations between calving and 8 weeks postpartum were higher in multiparous cows than primiparous cows (P < 0.001). Between postpartum weeks 2 and 8, primiparous cows showed higher concentrations of NEFA, BHB, and AST and lower cholesterol concentrations. Multiparous cows showed greater largest follicle diameters and ovulated earlier. Primiparous cows showed higher intervals of calving-to-first insemination and calving-to-conception, more insemination indices for the conception. Improved cow metabolic and reproductive performance was associated with lower concentrations of NEFA, BHB, and AST; higher concentrations of leptin and cholesterol; and greater BCS change during the early postpartum period. Delayed ovarian activity in primiparous cows might be caused by lower postpartum concentrations of leptin and cholesterol.Öğe Rumination Time and Physical Activity Monitoring, Milk Yield Changes Around Estrus and First Service Pregnancy Rate in Dairy Cows Assigned to Voluntary Waiting Period(Israel Veterinary Medical Assoc, 2018) Yazlik, M. O.; Colakoglu, H. E.; Polat, I. M.; Aloglu, E.; Baklaci, C.; Kaya, U.; Kuplulu, S.In high milk-yielding dairy cows, the energy balance challenges in early lactation and impact reproductive performance often affects estrus intensity, duration and detection. This study determined the role of a voluntary waiting period on rumination time, physical activity and milk yield changes during the peri-estrus period in the first service and further fertility in high-yielding dairy cows. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a relationship between voluntary waiting period and estrus-related parameters. This study was conducted on 145 Holstein-Friesian dairy cows aged 2 to 6 years of age. Cows were assigned a short voluntary waiting period, 45 to 70 day in milk (SVWP; n=73), and the long voluntary waiting period, 71 to 95 day in milk (LVWP; n=72). Rumination time, physical activity and milk yield changes around estrus in the first service were detected by an automated monitoring system. Artificial insemination procedures were performed between 45 to 70 days in milk for SVWP and 71 to 95 days in milk for LVWP. The barn's daily temperature and humidity index (THI) was recorded throughout the study period and was <72. Basal rumination time were significantly lower in SVWP (376.82 +/- 74.58 min/clay) than LVWP group at the day of estrus (352,07 +/- 68.90 min/day) (P<0.01). First service pregnancy rate was 23.72% and 38.46% in short and long voluntary waiting period, respectively (p<0.05). Physical activity intensity and milk yield changes were similar among groups during the peri-estrus period and on the day of estrus. The results indicated that the short voluntary waiting period was associated with the lower basal rumination time around estrus and lower first service pregnancy rate.Öğe Unusual cases of vaginal prolapse concurrent with cystocele in two dogs(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2015) Canatan, H. E.; Ergin, I.; Polat, I. M.; Yazlik, M. O.A 2-year-old non pregnant Anatolian shepherd (case 1) and 3-year-old, pregnant pit bull terrier (case 2) each presented with a history of dysuria and a mass prolapsed from the vulva. Vaginal prolapse and retroflexion of the urinary bladder were diagnosed in both cases according to clinical and diagnostic examinations. Foetal stress was detected on ultrasonography and caesarean section was performed in case 2. The urinary bladder was replaced in the normal anatomic position and cystopexy was performed via a midline laparotomy in each dog, and an ovariohysterectomy (OHE) was performed to prevent recurrence of vaginal prolapse. Surgical amputation of the prolapsed vagina was performed after the cystopexy and OHE. This case report demonstrates the possibility of severe vaginal prolapse concurrent with cystocele in bitches.