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  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Alteration of tumor glucose metabolism after radiotherapy in MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines
    (UHOD - Uluslararasi Hematoloji Onkoloji Dergisi, 2006) Cengiz M.; Boyunağa H.; Yildiz F.; Ural A.U.; Atahan I.L.
    Cancer cells utilize anaerobic glycolytic way to compensate their faster metabolism when compared to normal cells. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of radiation on tumor metabolism. MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines were divided into 4 groups, including 2 control groups and aerobic and anaerobic study groups (were irradiated 600 cGy by Co-60 teletherapy unit), incubated with radiolabelled glucose for 4 hours. One control group was for aerobic, and the other was for anaerobic group after KCN addition. Radiolabelled CO2 produced by the cells was isolated and collected in specially designed simulation vials. In supernatant the measurements of other end-products of carbohydrate catabolism including lactate, pyruvate, acetate were performed on a liquid scintillation analyzer after they were collected via anion-exchange chromatography. Finally glucose in supernatant was measured enzymatically by glucose oxidase method. Glycogen consumption and lactate production were significantly higher in anaerobic and radiation groups (p<0.01). Whereas CO2 production was significantly higher in control group (p<0.01). Taken all results together radiation lead tumor cells more anaerobic glycolysis with high glycogen consumption, high lactate production and low CO2 production. Radiation itself has led tumor cells to produce energy by anaerobic glycolysis, meaning radiation exposed cells become more hypoxic.
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    The nationalist-conservative criticism of Turkish Westernism: The Erol Güngör example
    (Ahmet Yesevi University, 2012) Yildiz F.; Çelik F.
    Strengthening the frail state was the fundamental issue for the Turkish intellectuals entering the scene in the post-Tanzimat era. In time, the ideas suggested by Turkish intellectuals on state systems and public issues in order to halt the state's decline gained an ideological content. From the final period of the Ottoman era onwards, the Turkish intellectuals, who were influenced by positivist and materialist views originating from the West, became an influential force in reshaping the state and social order from the Tanzimat to the foundation of the Republic. This study reviews the nationalist-conservative intellectual and scholar, Erol Güngör's criticism of the Turkish Westernizationist-reformist intellectuals' approach to public issues and matters of national culture, primarily religion, from the post- Tanzimat era to his own time.