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Karyojen Mikroorganizmaların Asit Tolerans Yetenekleri ve Malolaktik Fermantasyon
(2017) Keskin, Erol; Bağlar, Serdar; Örün, Tahir
Diş çürüğü karyojen bakterilerin metabolizmaları sonucu ortama saldıkları asitler nedeniyle diş sert dokularında mineral çözünmesi sonucu oluşan bir çeşit enfeksiyon hastalığıdır. Olgunlaşmış plağın komplike ve derin tabakalardaki oksijensiz yapıdan dolayı çürük oluşumunda fermantasyon yapabilme yeteneği olan bakteriler ön plana çıkmaktadır. Fermantasyon sonucu açığa çıkan laktik asit, formik asit ve pirüvik asit gibi güçlü asitler, plak pH'sını düşürür ve oluşan plak asiditesi çürük gelişimi süresince minenin demineralizasyonuna yol açar. Oluşan plak asidifikasyonu sadece minenin mineral kaybına neden olmakla kalmaz aynı zamanda plak biyofilminin içerisinde yaşayan mikroorganizmalar için de tehlike oluşturur. Yani çoğu mikroorganizmalar, ölümcül pH değerleri olan pH 2.5 ve altında hayatlarını sürdüremezler. Bakterilerin bu asidik ortamda hayatta kalabilmeleri, sahip oldukları asit tolerans cevaplarına bağlıdır. Bakterilerin bu asiditeye karşı koyması glikoliz, laktik asit üretimi ve ATP(Adenozin trifosfat) üretimi sayesinde olur. Malolaktik fermantasyon ise asidik ortamda bu üretimleri sağlayan en önemli sistemdir. Güncel koruyucu diş hekimliği uygulamalarında kullanılan çürük önleyici tedavi protokollerinin daha iyi anlaşılması için bakterilerin fermantasyon sürecindeki rollerinin bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Bu derlemede fermantasyon sürecinin kimyasal tepkimelerini, bu tepkimeler sonucu hangi asitlerin oluştuğunu, dental plaktaki pH değişikliklerini, fermantasyonu gerçekleştiren bakterilerin asidojenik&asidürik özelliklerini mikroorganizmaların hayatlarını nasıl sürdürebildiklerini ayrıca asit tolerans cevabının muhtemel inhibisyonunun konak için ne tür avantajlar oluşturabileceği incelenmiştir. Böylece bakterilerin asit tolerans sistemlerinin inhibisyonunda kullanılan flor, çitosan, ?-mangostin ve gen çalışmaları gibi antikaryojenik stratejilere dikkat çekilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Çürük tespit boyalarının çürükten etkilenmiş dentinde bağlanma dayanımı üzerine etkisi
(2014) Yalçın, Muhammet; Cebe, Fatma; Cebe, Mehmet Ata; Dündar, Ayşe; Öztürk, Bora; Şengün, Abdulkadir
Amaç: Bu çalış manın amacı 3 farklı çürük tespit boyasının, çürükten etkilenmiş dentinde bir adeziv sistemin makaslanma bağ lanma dayanımına olan etkilerinin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalış mada 60 adet çekilmiş çürüklü insan 3. molar diş i kullanıldı. Okluzal yüzeyler düz bir dentin yüzeyi elde etmek için kaldırıldı ve akrilik kalıplar içerisine yerleş tirildi. Örnekler 15’er diş ten oluş acak ş ekilde 4 gruba ayrıldı ve 3 farklı çürük tespit boyası test edildi. İlk grup kontrol grubu ve diğ er gruplar Caries Detector, Quadrant Cari Test, Sable Seek grubu olarak belirlendi. Kontrol grubunda herhangi bir çürük tespit boyası uygulanmadan çürük dentin dokusu 300 gridlik silikon karbit zımparayla kaldırıldı. Diğ er gruplarda ise çürük dentin dokusu, çürük tespit boyası uygulandıktan sonra 300 gridlik silikon karbit zımparayla kaldırıldı. Çürüğ ü uzaklaş tırılan tüm önekler 600 gridlik zımpara ile aş ındırıldı. Daha sonra dentin bonding sistemi Clearfil SE Bond uygulandı ve örnekler kompozit rezin ile restore edildi. Bütün uygulamalar üretici firma tavsiyelerine uyularak gerçekleş tirildi. Bağ lanma dayanımı test edildi ve verilerin istatistiksel analizi tek yönlü varyans analizi ve Post Hoc Tukey testi kullanılarak yapıldı. Bulgular: Bu çalış manın sonuçlarına göre Quadrant Cari Test uygulanan örnekler diğ er çürük tespit boyası uygulananlara göre daha düş ük bağ lanma dayanımı gösterdi. Caries Detector ve Sable Seek uygulanan örnekler benzer bağ lanma dayanımı gösterirken bu iki çürük tespit boyası uygulanan örnekler Quadrant Cari Test’ten anlamlı derecede daha yüksek bağ lanma dayanımı gösterdi. Sonuçlar: Bu in-vitro çalış manın sonuçlarına göre çürük tespit boyaları çürükten etkilenmiş dentinde daha yüksek bağ lanma dayanımı elde edilmesine neden olabilmektedir.
Hydroxyapatite-based nanoparticles as a coating material for the dentine surface: An antibacterial and toxicological effect
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2020) Erdem, Umit; Dogan, Mustafa; Metin, Aysegul U.; Baglar, Serdar; Turkoz, Mustafa B.; Turk, Mustafa; Nezir, Saffet
In this study, nano sized hydroxyapatite (nHAp) and Ag(I) doped hydroxyapatite (Ag-nHAp) particles were synthesized by the precipitation method and used as a coating material for remineralization on caries-affected dentine samples. Characterization studies of both the synthesized hydroxyapatite-based particles and the coated dentine samples were performed using instrumental techniques such as SEM and FFIR, and then toxicity and antibacterial properties were also evaluated. It was observed that dentine samples were effectively coated by both nHAp and Ag center dot nHAp particles which have no toxic effects. Furthermore, the costing of nano-hydroxyapatite on dentine samples positively contributed to the viability of L929 fibroblast cells and also provided an antibacterial effect against to bacteria such as S. mutants, C. albicans and E. coli bacteria that are most frequently caused caries in the teeth. While all type of bacteria was eliminated by the nHAp coated dentine samples at 24th, Ag-nHAp coated dentine samples removed to all bacteria type at 1st.
Different Restorative Systems In Non Carious Cervical Lesions
(ANNALS DENTAL SPECIALTY, 2020) Turkoglu, Ozge; Baglar, Serdar; Bulut, Ali Can
Background: Six different restorative systems were applied in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs). They demonstrated acceptable clinical performances, except for retention rates of Beautiful II, Beautiful Flow Plus F00, and Dyract XP restorations, after 12th month. Objective: The aim of this one-blind clinical trial was to evaluate and compare the clinical performance of six different restorative systems for restoring NCCLs. Methods: A total of 300 restorations (n=50) were placed in 33 patients who ranged in age between 35 and 85 years and of both genders, by a single operator. Each group was restored by different restorative systems: Single Bond-Universal & Filtek Ultimate and Filtek Ultimate Flow (3M ESPE); FLBondII-Beautifil II and Beautifil Flow Plus F00 (Shofu); Prime Bond NT-Dyract XP and Dyract Flowable (Dentsply) according to manufacturers' instructions. Evaluations were performed at baseline (1 week after placement) and 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th months using modified US Public Health Service criteria (recall rate 100%). The survival rates were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier and the Log-Rank tests and other categories analyzed with the Kruskal Wallis test at a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: After 12 months, this study showed that while nanocomposite, flowable nanocomposite, and flowable compomer restorations demonstrated acceptable clinical performance and survival rate in noncarious cervical lesions. Giomer, flowable giomer, and compomer restorations were not successfully using the retention rate. Conclusions: In this study Beautifil II, Beautifil Flow Plus F00, and Dyract XP restorations performed fewer survival rates than other groups, although they showed similar clinical quality to other groups in other categories.
Effect of Saliva Contamination on Microleakage of Open Sandwich Restorations
(UNIV ZAGREB, SCH DENTAL MEDICINE, 2020) Celik, Cigdem; Bayraktar, Yusuf; Ozdemir, Behiye Esra
Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the microleakage of conventional glass-ionomer, resin modified glass-ionomer and glass hybrid ionomer Class II open sandwich restorations with or without saliva contamination. Material and methods: Sixty extracted sound human molar teeth were used and 120 class II slot cavities were prepared in mesial and distal surfaces. The gingival margins were located 1 mm below the cementoenamel junction. All specimens were randomly divided in 4 groups (n=15): Group I: High-Viscous Glass Ionomer (Fuji IX GP) Group II: Resin Modified Glass Ionomer (Fuji II LC) Group III: Glass Hybrid Ionomer (Equia-fil Forte), Group IV: Composite Resin (G'aenial Posterior). In open sandwich restoration groups, glass ionomer materials were placed to gingival floor in 1 mm thickness and rest of the cavity was filled with resin composite. After the restorations in mesial surfaces had been performed, distal cavities were restored with the same protocol after saliva contamination. The specimens were thermo-cycled for 10000 cycles at 5 degrees C to 55 degrees C and immersed in methylene blue dye solution (% 0,5) for 24 hours. Then, they were sectioned vertically through the center of the restorations from mesial to distal surface with a water-cooled diamond saw with 1mm thickness. Subsequently, the dye penetration was evaluated with image analysis software. Data were statistically analyzed (p<0.05). Results: There was a statistically significant difference between gingival microleakage scores in no contamination groups, between high-viscous glass ionomer, Fuji IX GP and other materials tested (p<0.05). In saliva contaminated groups, there was no statistically significant difference between gingival microleakage scores (p>0.05). Additionally, there was not a statistically significant difference between the no contamination and saliva contaminated groups regardless of dental materials tested (p>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, in open sandwich restorations, saliva contamination did not show an adverse effect on microleakage irrespective of dental materials tested. Glass hybrid ionomers and resin modified glass ionomers showed lower microleakage scores in gingival margins compared to high-viscous glass ionomer material in no contamination groups.
Repair bond strength and surface topography of resin-ceramic and ceramic restorative blocks treated by laser and conventional surface treatments
(WILEY, 2020) Bayraktar, Yusuf; Arslan, Merve; Demirtağ, Zülfikar
This study intended to compare the repair bond strength of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) blocks consisting of resin and feldspathic ceramics following different surface treatments using the microtensile bond strength (mu TBS) test. Ten specimens were prepared with 4 mm height for Vita Enamic (VE), Lava Ultimate (LU), Vita Mark II (VM), and thermocycled (10,000 cycle, 5-55 degrees C). Each material was categorized into one of five subgroups according to following surface treatments: (a) bur grinding (BG), (b) hydrofluoric acid etching (HF), (c) neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG or NY), (d) erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG or EY), and (e) erbium, chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG or ECY) laser conditioning. After surface treatment procedures, specimens were properly restored to 4 mm high with a micro-hybrid composite resin. Bar specimens (1 x 1 x 8 mm) were obtained using a low-speed cutting machine and then thermocycled (10,000 cycle, 5-55 degrees C). The mu TBS was tested at 1 mm/min crosshead speed, and failure modes were evaluated. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests. LU-BG showed significantly higher mu TBS (32.94 +/- 5.80 MPa) compared to LU-laser groups (p < .05). VE-BG showed significantly higher mu TBS (22.06 +/- 4.26 MPa) compared to other VE groups (p < .05). Among the laser groups, the NY laser produced the lowest (p < .05) mu TBS for LU (13.42 +/- 3.44 MPa) and VE (2.27 +/- 0.85 MPa), while EY showed the highest (p < .05). Laser-treated VM groups were all prefailured. VM-HF produced a higher mu TBS (18.73 +/- 3.75 MPa) than VM-BG (5.05 +/- 1.76 MPa) (p < .05).
The Effects of Fresh Detox Juices on Color Stability and Roughness of Resin-Based Composites
(Wiley, 2019) Yikilgan, Ihsan; Akgul, Sinem; Hazar, Ahmet; Alp, Cemile Kedici; Baglar, Serdar; Bala, Oya
Purpose To evaluate the effects of three fresh detox juices, including an orange, green, and red beverage, on the color stability and surface roughness of three anterior esthetic resin-based composites (RBCs). Materials and Methods Disk-shaped specimens were prepared with three different esthetic RBCs (Amaris, G-aenial Anterior, Clearfil Majesty ES-2) according to the manufacturers' instructions. Forty specimens were prepared for each RBC, and all specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. The initial color values and surface roughness measurements of the specimens were taken using a spectrophotometer and a profilometer. The specimens were then divided into 4 subgroups (n = 10). All specimens except the control specimens were immersed in their designated fresh detox juices (green, red, or orange) for 10 minutes twice a day. Color and surface roughness measurements were taken on day 15 and day 30, and the results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. The association between color change and surface roughness was evaluated by Spearman's Rank Correlation analysis. Results Color changes and surface roughness increased upon exposure to fresh detox juices for 15 and 30 days for all of the RBCs. All of the G-aenial and Amaris groups displayed color changes above the threshold of acceptability, whereas Clearfil Majesty ES-2 displayed a color change above the threshold of acceptability only after exposure to the red beverage for 30 days (Delta E > 3.7). With regard to surface roughness, Clearfil Majesty ES-2 outperformed the other RBCs (p < 0.001). According to Spearman's Rank Correlation analysis, there was no correlation between color change and surface roughness (p > 0.001). Conclusions Exposure to the fresh detox juices used in this study led to similar color changes in the RBCs used in this study.
Comparison of radiopacity of current restorative CAD/CAM blocks with digital radiography
(Wiley, 2019) Atala, Mustafa H.; Atala, Nagehan; Yegin, Elif; Bayrak, Seval
Objective While the radiopacity of restorative material affects the radiographic diagnosis of the teeth, there is no data about the radiopacity of current restorative computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) materials. Therefore, the present study compared the radiopacity values of current restorative CAD/CAM blocks to facilitate the material choice within such a wide variety of materials. Materials and Methods Specimens were prepared from 13 different restorative CAD/CAM blocks to compare with enamel and dentin. The specimens placed on the occlusal phosphor plate were imaged with aluminum step wedge and tooth section. The radiopacity values were calculated using the Image J program. The radiopacity values of the specimens were converted to mmAl values with the Curve Expert 1.4 program. Results The difference between the radiopacity values of dentin and e.max CAD was not significant, however, they exhibited a significant difference from the other 14 groups (P < .05). Enamel and Obsidien, Suprinity, and Celtra Duo had greater radiopacity values with significant differences from the other 12 materials whereas the difference within these groups was not significant (P > .05). Conclusions The evaluated restorative CAD/CAM materials have significantly different radiopacity values. Among these permanent restoration blocks, the highest radiopacity value was observed in Celtra Duo, the lowest in Block HC.
Evaluation of microleakage in class v cavities prepared by different caries removal methods
(Wiley, 2019) Avunduk, Ayse T. Erturk; Baglar, Serdar
The purpose of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effects of different caries removal methods on microleakage success of class V adhesive restorations by means of light microscopy (stereomicroscope) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Sixty-four human teeth with class V caries that measured with DIAGNOdent were used. The samples were divided into four groups (n = 16) randomly according to caries removing methods of conventional method, Carisolv, Papacarie, and Er,Cr:YSGG laser system. The self-etch Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil Majesty Es-II were used as restoration materials. After thermal cycles of 2,000 (5 and 55 degrees C) samples were immersed in a 50% wt/wt AgNO3. Samples were finally imaged and scored under light microscopy and SEM, respectively. The data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis H, pairwise comparison and Wilcoxon's T tests at 5% significance level (p < .05). Statistical analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference between microleakage scores in dentin regions but there were significant difference between the Papacarie and Er,Cr:YSGGlaser in terms of leakage scores in enamel sites. No statistically significant difference in leakage scores emerged between light microscopy and SEM.
Effects of mouthrinses on discoloration of CAD-CAM manufactured restorative materials
(Mosher & Linder, Inc, 2019) Atala, Mustafa Hayati; Yegin, Elif; Atala, Nagehan; Senlen, Esra; Baglar, Serdar
Purpose: To investigate the in vitro effect of four different mouthrinses on discoloration of popular CAD-CAM blocks. Methods: 40 specimens were prepared and then were divided into five groups (n = 8) for each CAD-CAM block (Vitablocks Mark II, IPS e-max CAD, GC LRF, Enamic, Cerasmart). In total, four different mouthrinses for each group (Listerine Zero, Parodontax, Kloroben, Oral B Pro-Expert) and distilled water for the control group were used. The specimens were immersed in 20 ml solution for 2 minutes, twice a day for 21 days with a 12-hour interval. Color changes were measured with a digital spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade) after 7, 14 and 21 days and specimens were prepared. For statistical analysis, color changes (Delta E) were calculated and Kruskal Wallis and Wilcoxon tests were used. Results: There was not a significant difference in Delta E1 and Delta E2 values (P> 0.005) while there was a significant one in Delta E3 (P= 0.001) after Bonferroni correction for CAD-CAM materials were carried out as it is independent of the mouthrinse. Listerine Zero brought about the most noticeable color change in all CAD-CAM materials except e.Max after 21 days.
Sub-ablative Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation under all-ceramic restorations: effects on demineralization and shear bond strength
(Springer London Ltd, 2018) Baglar, Serdar
This study evaluated the caries resistant effects of sub-ablative Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation alone and combined with fluoride in comparison with fluoride application alone on enamel prepared for veneer restorations. And also, evaluated these treatments' effects on the shear bond strength of all-ceramic veneer restorations. One hundred and thirty-five human maxillary central teeth were assigned to groups of 1a-control, 1b-laser treated, 1c-fluoride treated, 1d-laser + fluoride treated for shear bond testing and to groups of 2a-positive control(non-demineralised), 2b-laser treated, 2c-fluoride treated, 2d-laser + fluoride treated, 2e-negative control (demineralised) for microhardness testing (n = 15, N = 135). Demineralisation solutions of microhardness measurements were used for the ICP-OES elemental analysis. The parameters for laser irradiation were as follows: power output, 0.25 W; total energy density, 62.5 J/cm(2) and energy density per pulse, 4.48 J/cm(2) with an irradiation time of 20 s and with no water cooling. Five percent NaF varnish was used as fluoride preparate. ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests were performed (alpha = 5%). Surface treatments showed no significant effects on shear bond strength values (p = 0.579). However, significant differences were found in microhardness measurements and in elemental analysis of Ca and P amounts (p < 0.01). Surface-treated groups showed significantly high VNH values and significantly low ICP-OES values when compared with non-treated (-control) group while there were no significance among surface-treated groups regarding VHN and ICP-OES values. Sub-ablative Er,Cr:YSGG treatment alone or combined with fluoride is as an effective method as at least fluoride alone for preventing the prepared enamel to demineralization with no negative effect on shear bond strength.
Evaluation of the Place of Chemo-Mechanical Caries Removal Method in Dental Education among Turkish Students
(Assoc Apoio Pesquisa & Saude Bucal-Apesb, 2018) Baglar, Serdar; Avunduk, Ayse Tugba Erturk
Objective: To evaluate the place of chemo-mechanical caries removal (CMCR) methods within the scope of undergraduate education of two different dental faculties which located in close geography but with different socio-economic characteristics. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional, descriptive study totally 130 participants (Ankara: n = 78 and Kinkkale: n = 52) were evaluated. A survey which consisting of 14 questions were conducted by face to face. Data was analyzed using the SPSS software. Frequency distributions and the Chi-Square test were applied. Results: 66.9% of the participants reported that they had knowledge about the chemomechanical caries removal method. 60% had knowledge about the mechanism of CMCR. Thirty-six point two percent of the participants from Ankara stated that they had knowledge about the CMCR mechanism and 40% did not know about any of the methods of CMCR. 52.8% of the respondents indicated that they should be minimally invasive in choosing the CMCR method. The most important reason for not choosing the CMCR method was inadequate method (32%) and takes too much time (32%). Conclusion: Significant differences were found between the students of the two cities regarding the awareness of the CMCR method. In order to overcome this disparity, the curriculum place of the CMCR method needs to be determined precisely and clearly.
Minimally Invasive Approach for Improving Anterior Dental Aesthetics: Case Report with 1-Year Follow-Up
(Hindawi Ltd, 2018) Bahadir, H. Sevilay; Karadag, Gokhan; Bayraktar, Yusuf
Dental aesthetics have become highly important in recent years. Treating aesthetic demands with noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques can preserve the natural tissues. A 20-year-old female patient presented to the clinic with aesthetic concerns. After the clinical and radiographic examinations, hypomineralization was identified in the maxillary anterior teeth except the maxillary right canine. An external discoloration was also identified in the maxillary left canine tooth. Moreover, the right canine tooth was identified as a Turner's tooth according to the patient's anamnesis. The resin infiltration technique was applied to the maxillary anterior teeth except the maxillary right canine. The bleaching treatment was applied to the maxillary left canine tooth. Then, a laminate veneer restoration was applied to the upper right canine tooth with Turner's hypoplasia. Following the treatment, a satisfactory aesthetic restoration was achieved. After 1-year examination, no clinical failures were observed.
Cement Thickness of Inlay Restorations Made of Lithium Disilicate, Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic and Nano-Ceramic CAD/CAM Materials Evaluated Using 3D X-Ray Micro-Computed Tomography
(Wiley, 2018) Uzgur, Recep; Ercan, Ertugrul; Uzgur, Zeynep; Colak, Hakan; Yalcin, Muhammet; Ozcan, Mutlu
PurposeTo evaluate the marginal and internal cement thicknesses of inlay restorations made of various CAD/CAM materials using 3D X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) technique. Materials and MethodsCaries-free extracted mandibular molars (N = 30) with similar size were randomly assigned to three groups (N = 10 per group). Mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavities were prepared, and inlay restorations were obtained by milling out CAD/CAM materials namely, (a) IPS: monolithic lithium disilicate (control), (b) VE: polymer-infiltrated ceramic, and (c) CS: nano-ceramic using a CAM unit. Marginal and internal cement thicknesses were measured using 3D micro-CT. Data were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (alpha = 0.05). ResultsThe mean marginal and internal cement thickness were not significant in all inlay materials (p > 0.05). Mean marginal cement thickness (m) was the lowest for the IPS group (67.54 10.16) followed by VE (84.09 3.94) and CS (95.18 +/- 10.58) (p > 0.05). The internal cement thickness (m) was the lowest in the CS group (54.85 +/- 6.94) followed by IPS (60.58 +/- 9.22) and VE (77.53 +/- 12.13) (p > 0.05). ConclusionMarginal and internal cement thicknesses of MOD inlays made of monolithic lithium disilicate, polymer-infiltrated ceramic, and nano-ceramic CAD/CAM materials were similar and all less than 100 m, which could be considered clinically acceptable. Clinical significanceMOD inlays made of different CAD/CAM materials presented similar cement thickness, less than 100 m.
Dentinal tubule occluding capability of nano-hydroxyapatite; The in-vitro evaluation
(Wiley, 2018) Baglar, Serdar; Erdem, Umit; Dogan, Mustafa; Turkoz, Mustafa
In this in-vitro study, the effectiveness of experimental pure nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) and 1%, 2%, and 3% F doped nano-HAp on dentine tubule occlusion was investigated. And also, the cytotoxicity of materials used in the experiment was evaluated. Nano-HAp types were synthesized by the precipitation method. Forty dentin specimens were randomly divided into five groups of; 1no treatment (control), 2specimens treated with 10% pure nano-HAp and 3, 4, 5 specimens treated with 1%, 2%, and 3% F(-)doped 10% nano-HAp, respectively. To evaluate the effectiveness of the materials used; pH, FTIR, and scanning electron microscopy evaluations were performed before and after degredation in simulated body fluid. To determine cytotoxicity of the materials, MTT assay was performed. Statistical evaluations were performed with F and t tests. All of the nano-HAp materials used in this study built up an effective covering layer on the dentin surfaces even with plugs in tubules. It was found that this layer had also a resistance to degradation. None of the evaluated nano-HAp types were have toxicity. Fluoride doping showed a positive effect on physical and chemical stability until a critical value of 1% F-. The all evaluated nano-HAp types may be effectively used in dentin hypersensitivity treatment. The formed nano-HAp layers were seem to resistant to hydrolic deletion. The pure and 1% F(-)doped nano-HAp showed the highest biocompatibility thus it was assessed that pure and 1% F(-)doped materials may be used as an active ingredient in dentin hypersensitivity agents.
A Cross-Sectional Survey on Reasons for Initial Placement and Replacement of Single Crowns
(Dennis Barber Ltd, 2017) Uzgur, Recep; Uzgur, Zeynep; Colak, Hakan; Ercan, Ertugrul; Dalli, Mehmet; Ozcan, Mutlu
This cross-sectional survey investigated the reasons for placement and replacement of single crowns, the type of materials selected for initial placement and evaluated their longevity. Information was collected over 19 months period using a questionnaire focusing on the principal reasons for the placement and replacement of crowns, selected material type and the age of the crowns at the time of replacement. A total of 842 single crowns were evaluated in 476 patients. Of the 842 crowns, 472 (56%) were initial-placements and 370 (44%) replacements. The main reason for placement of first single crowns was related to endodontic problems (26.5%). Metal-ceramic was indicated significantly more frequent (88.9%; p<0.01) than other materials for the placement and replacement of single crowns. The median age of the replaced crowns was 6 years.
One-year clinical evaluation of different types of bulk-fill composites
(Wiley, 2017) Bayraktar, Yusuf; Ercan, Ertugrul; Hamidi, Mehmet Mustafa; Colak, Hakan
Aim: In the present study, we evaluated the 1-year clinical performance of a conventional posterior composite resin and three bulk-fill composite resins. Methods: Fifty patients with four class II restorations under occlusion were enrolled in the present study. A total of 200 restorations were placed in the cavity, 50 for each material (Clearfil Photo Posterior, Filtek Bulk-Fill Flowable and Filtek P60, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill, and SonicFill). One operator placed the restorations in the cavity, and 1 week later the patients were called for baseline examination. Two calibrated examiners evaluated the restorations once every 3 months for 1 year, according to United States Public Health Service criteria. The data were analyzed using SPSS. Non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Friedman) were used for the analysis at a confidence level of 95%. Results: The 1-year recall rate was 86%. All restorations showed minor modifications after 1 year. However, no statistically-significant differences were detected between the materials' performance at baseline and after 1 year for all criteria (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The bulk-fill composite resin materials showed similar clinical performance when compared with a conventional posterior composite resin. Further evaluations are necessary for the long-term clinical performance of these materials.
Evaluation of the frequency and characteristics of hypercementosis in the turkish population with cone-beam computed tomography
(Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2017) Eren, Y.; Erdal, O.; Serdar, B.; Emin, K. O.; Enes, G.
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and characteristics of hypercementosis in the Turkish population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Settings and Design: A retrospective study was performed using CBCT (I-CAT Vision TM Imaging Science International) in 1263 patients admitted to the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Dicle (Diyarbakir, Turkey) between January 2013 and January 2015. Subjects and Methods: A total of 1152 patient and 29,606 teeth were evaluated with CBCT. The age, gender, location (left vs. right side, maxillary vs. mandibular teeth, incisors, premolars, and molars), and missing teeth were recorded for all patients. Statistical Analysis Used: The Pearson Chi-squared test was used to determine the potential differences. Results: Hypercementosis was observed with a frequency of 2.4%. Of these, 18 of 28 (64.3%) had only 1 tooth with hypercementosis and 10 (35.7%) had more than 1 tooth. It was identified in 42 of the 29,606 teeth examined (0.14%). The lesion was found in 2.47% (n = 14) of females and 2.38% (n = 14) of males. The lesion was detected in 28 molars and 14 premolars, but hypercementosis was not detected in incisors. Of the 42 teeth, 12 (28.6%) maxillary and 30 (71.4%) mandibular teeth were associated with hypercementosis. Of the 28 cases, 20 (59.0%) were unilateral and 8 (41.0%) were bilateral. Of the 20 unilateral cases, 12 (69.6%) were on the right and 8 (30.4%) were on the left side. Conclusions: In our study, the prevalence of hypercementosis has been found 2.4% in the Turkish population. Besides, the lesion has been found more in the mandible than the maxilla, in the molars than the premolars and in the unilateral distribution than the bilateral distribution.
A prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial of one nano-hybrid and one high-viscosity bulk-fill composite restorative systems in class II cavities: 12 months results
(Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2017) Colak, H.; Tokay, U.; Uzgur, R.; Hamidi, M. M.; Ercan, E.
Background: Recently, manufacturers have introduced bulk-fill composite resins that reportedly can be placed in increments of 4 mm or greater. Objective: The purpose of this article was to report the results of 12 months prospective randomized clinical trial that evaluated the clinical performance of one high-viscosity bulk-fill composite resin in Class II cavities of posterior teeth. Materials and Methods: Thirty-four participantshad at least two Class II cavities included the study. Class II cavities restored with either a Tetric EvoCeram bulk-fi fill or universal nano-hybrid resin composite (Tetric EvoCeram). A total of 74 restorations (37 with each material) on 34 patients were placed according to the manufacturers' instructions by one calibrated operator. Results: Seventy restorations were evaluated after 12 months evaluation period. No postoperative sensitivity, anatomic form, retention, and secondary caries were observed after 6 and 12 months. Regarding the items color match, marginal discoloration, and marginal adaptation, the statistical analysis did not detect any statistical significance between two materials (P 0.05). Conclusion: After 12 months of clinical service, all restorations evaluated for both materials were classified as ideal, receiving predominantly Alfa scores for all parameters analyzed. Clinical Relevance: This study presents that high-viscosity bulk-fill resin composites (RCs) perform just as well as nano-hybrid RCs with the 2 mm RC layering technique, therefore could be alternative to conventional nano-hybrid RCs.
Fracture Resistance of Incisal Fragments Following Reattachment With Different Techniques in Simulated Crown Fractures
(Shahid Beheshti Univ Medical Sciences, Fac Medicine, 2017) Tulumbaci, Fatih; Arikan, Volkan; Oba, Aylin Akbay; Baglar, Serdar
Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the effect of acid-etching and Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment before the reattachment of incisal fragments in coronal fractures of permanent incisor teeth. Methods: Sixty-six sound human maxillary incisors were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=22). Teeth were embedded in self-cure acrylic resins by leaving one-third of the crowns out, and uncomplicated crown fractures were obtained using an Instron testing device. The fragments were reattached using 3 different procedures and a hybrid resin composite (Z250): Group I: Acid etching + Prime & Bond NT; Group II: Er, Cr: YSGG + Prime & Bond NT; Group III: Er, Cr: YSGG + Acid etching + Prime & Bond NT. The percentages of shear bond strengths were determined by comparing fracture strengths of sound and reattached teeth for 3 groups. All data were analyzed statistically with Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: Mean fracture strengths of the reattached fragments were between 51.02% and 62.93% of that of the sound teeth in all groups. Group I had significantly higher percentages of shear bond strength values (P < 0.05) when compared to group II and group III. No significant difference (P > 0.05) was found between group II and group III. Conclusion: The findings of the present study show that Er, Cr: YSGG laser irradiation prior to the reattachment of incisal fragments has a negative effect on fracture strength.

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