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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12587/17938

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Anti-Müllerian Hormone Expression in the Ovarian Follicles and Factors Related to Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone Concentrations in the Domestic Queens
(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Soc, 2024) Gözer, A.; Dogruer, G.; Gökçek, I; Kutlu, T.; Bahan, O.; Yağcı, İlknur Pir
Anti-M & uuml;llerian Hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein with 140 kDa molecular weight secreted by the granulosa cells, playing a crucial role in folliculogenesis. The present study aimed to reveal (1) the relationship between age, body weight, estrouscycle, and ovariohysterectomy with the serum AMH concentrations and (2) expression of the AMH in the ovarian follicles. Serum AMH concentrations were determined by a commercial ELISA. Ovarian expression of the AMH in the granulosa cells was detected by immunohistochemistry. Twenty femalecats were allocated to three groups according to the period of the sexual cycle, age, and body weight. The phaseof their estrouscycle was determined according to serum estradiol 17 beta and progesterone levels. Blood samples were collected to detect serum AMH concentration on Day 0- preoperative, Day 3, and Day 10 -postoperative. There was a decrease in AMH concentration on Day 3 compared to the preoperative level (Day 0) (P<0.001).No statistical difference in AMH concentration wasfound between Day 3 and 10 postoperative (P>0.05). Furthermore, the period of the sexual cycle, age, and body weight did not affect AMH levels (P>0.05). In immunohistochemical analyses,a mild AMH expression was first observed in the granulosa cells of the primary follicles, and moderate AMH expression was observed in the granulosa cells of the secondary follicles. Strong AMH expression was observed in the cumulus cells and mild AMH expression in the mural granulosa cells of the antral follicles. In conclusion, ovariohysterectomy caused a definite decline in serum AMH concentration, and AMH expression was found in all the ovarian follicles except for primordial follicles in domestic cats.
Investigation of serum anti-Mullerian hormone levels at follicular phase and interestrus period in queens
(Ankara Univ, 2024) Pir Yagci, Ilknur; Seven, Goekberk; Elifoglu, Taha Burak; Polat, Ibrahim Mert; Pekcan, Mert
The objectives of this study were: i) to report overall mean AMH serum concentrations in queens, ii) to determine relationship between serum AMH concentration with estradiol level, iii) to investigate the relationship between serum AMH with follicular phase and interestrus phase of the estrous cycle, iv) to discuss the usability of AMH as a biomarker to diagnosis of ovarian remnant syndrome in breeding season in queens. In the study, 64 healthy queens referred to clinics for routine ovariohysterectomy were used. After anamnesis, vaginal cytology, macroscopic examination of the uterus and ovaries and estradiol measurement, queens were divided into two groups: follicular phase (n: 45) and interestrus (n: 19). Estradiol and AMH levels in serum samples were determined by ELISA. In the evaluation of serum AMH concentrations, a statistical difference was determined between the follicular phase and interestrus (P<0.05). A negative correlation was found between age and estradiol in both follicular phase (r = -0.171) and interestrus (r = -0.385) groups. A positive correlation was found between age and AMH in the interestrus (P<0.01, r = 0.696). Serum AMH levels in the interestrus were found to be significantly higher than follicular phase (P<0.05). It was thought that this increase in serum AMH levels during the interestrus period, which is the stage where oocytes were selected for ovulation, may be an indicator of the role of AMH in oocyte selection in queens, as in many other mammalian species.
Effects of forskolin and PGE2 on progesterone secretion by goat luteal cells at early and late stages of corpus luteum
(Ankara Univ, 2024) Şimşek, Özkan; Kalender, Hakan
The aim of this research was to examine the effects of forskolin and PGE2 on steroid synthesis in goat luteal cells, cultured at early and late corpus luteum. Therefore, the luteal cells removed from both stages of the corpus luteum were cultured with newborn calf serum for the first 18 h. Then the media was changed and different concentrations of forskolin (10, 100 ng/ml) or PGE2 (10, 100 ng/ml) were added to the fresh media for another 96 h. The culture media was replaced every 48 h and the retrieval media was kept frozen at-20 degree celsius, until hormone analysis. Luteal cells treated with forskolin produced between 1.87-13.17 times higher production of progesterone, in a dose-dependent manner, compared to the control at early and late stages of corpus luteum (P<0.05). Lower dose of PGE2 increased the progesterone secretion between 2.19-3.28 times in luteal cells compared to the control groups at the late stage of corpus luteum (P<0.05), but not at early stage. The cells treated with a higher dose of PGE2 had no significant effect (P>0.05) on progesterone synthesis at the early and late phases of goat corpus luteum, in comparison to control groups. As a result, this study in goat luteal cells shows that forskolin promotes progesterone synthesis at the early and late corpus luteum, but PGE2 is only effective in cells treated with a low dose at the late stage.
Sığır oositlerinin in vitro maturasyonuna follikül uyarıcı hormon ve insan menopozal gonadotropinin etkisi
(2006) Macun, Hasan Ceyhun; Kaymaz, Mustafa
Bu çalışmanın amacı; benzer gonadotropinlere göre daha ucuz olan ve kolay bulunabilen FSH (Follikül Uyarıcı Hormon) ve hMG (İnsan Menopozal Gonadotropini) hormonlarının sığır oositlerindeki in vitro maturasyon oranlarına etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Oositlerin in vitro maturasyonu sırasında vasatlara eklenen hormonlara göre; FSH kullanılan Grup 1, hMG kullanılan Grup 2 ve kontrol grubu (Grup 3) olmak üzere 3 grup oluşturuldu. In vitro maturasyondan sonra, Grup 1 'de Giemsa ile boyaması yapılan oositlerin %14.36'sınm GV (Germinal Vezikül), %6.38'inin M I (Metafaz I), %76,07'sinin M II döneminde olduğu belirlenirken, %3.19'unun dejenere olduğu tespit edildi. Bu dururn-2. ve 3. Grupta sırasıyla %11.40; %15.54; %66.84; %6.22 ve %23.03; %6.06; %64.24; %6.67 olarak belirlendi. Gruplarda oluşan dağılımların birbirinden farklı olduğu tespit edildi (p<0.05). Grup l'de M H'ye ulaşan oositin fazla ve dejenere oositin az olması nedeniyle FSH'nm avantaj oluşturduğu gözlendi. Sonuç olarak, sığır oositlerinin in vitro maturasyonunda vasat katkı maddesi olarak FSH kullanımının hMG'ye göre daha başarılı olduğu belirlendi. Bununla birlikte, sığır oositlerinin in vitro maturasyonu için en uygun ortam sağlanana kadar, farklı dozlarda FSH ve hMG hormonlarım da içeren vasat ve katkı maddeleri üzerine yapılan çalışmaların sürdürülmesi gerekmektedir.
Akkaraman ırkı koyunlarda transrektal ve transabdominal ultrasonografi yöntemi ile erken gebelik tanı sınırlarının belirlenmesi
(2002) Küplülü, Şükrü; Çetin, Yunus; Macun, H. Ceyhun; Taşdemir, Umut
Bu çalışmanın amacı, koyunlarda erken gebeliklerin transrektal ve transabdominal ultrasonografi ile saptanabilme sınırlarının belirlenmesi, bu döneme ait gebeliğin ultrasonografik görüntülerinin tanımlanması ve muayeneye ilişkin bazı kritik ve pratik noktaları saptamaktır. Materyal olarak tohumlama tarihlerinin 17-50. günleri arasında bulunan, toplam 57 adet Akkaraman ırkı koyun kullanıldı. Her hayvana 5 MHz problu ultrasonografi cihazı (Shimadsu SDL32, Japonya) ile transrektal ve transabdominal ultrason muayenesi uygulandı. Gebelik bulguları 60 gün sonra yapılan USG muayenesi ile doğrulandı. Transrektal USG yöntemi ile koyunlarda gebelikler tohumlamayı izleyen 17-31 günler arasında %94.7 oranında, transabdominal yöntem ile gebeliklerin 32. gününden itibaren %89.4 doğruluk oranı ile belirlendi. Gebeliğin 28-38 günleri arasında her iki yöntem de etkili bulundu. Bu iki metodun gebeliğin 17-50 gün arasında birlikte kullanılması ile %96.5 doğruluk oranı saptanmıştır. Erken gebelik ultrasonografik bulgusu olarak 17. günde, 5 mm çapında anekojenik daire, 21. günde anekojenik daire içinde 8 mm uzunluğunda ‘’C’’ harfi benzeri hipoekojenik yapı belirlendi. Gebeliğin 28, 30, 34 ve 40. günlerinde embriyo/fötüs uzunlukları sırası ile 12, 13, 21, 34 mm olarak ölçüldü. Fötüs kafatası biparietal çapı 37, 41 ve 45. günlerde sırasıyla 11, 12, 15 mm olarak saptandı. Transrektal ultrasonografik gebelik tanı etkinliği transabdominale eşit, transrektal muayene yöntemi daha kolay ve çabuk uygulanabilir bulundu. Sonuç olarak 5 MHz rektal prob kullanarak Akkaraman ırkı koyunlarda gebeliklerin transrektal ultrasonografi yöntemi ile 17-31. günler arasında, transabdominal ultrasonografi yöntemi ile 32. günden itibaren başarıyla belirlenebileceği ve tanımlanan ultrasonogrofik görüntülerin gebelik yaşının yaklaşık olarak tahmin edilmesinde faydalı olacağı kanısına varıldı.
Akkaraman ırkı koyunlarda ve Ankara keçilerinde servikal mukus kaynatma testi ile gebelik tanısı
(2004) Kaçar, Cihan; Özyurtlu, Nihat; Macun, H. Ceyhun; Zonturlu, Abuzer K.; Saban, Erdal; Aslan, Selim
Bu çalışmanın amacı, koyun ve keçilerde gebelik tanı yöntemi olarak kullanılan servikal mukus kaynatma testinin saha koşullarında uygulanabilirliği ve doğruluk oranının araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada 50 baş Akkaraman ırkı koyun ve 50 baş Ankara keçisi materyal olarak kullanıldı. Servikal mukus testi ile koyunlarda % 80 doğruluk oranı, %73.3 sensitivite, % 82.9 spesivite, % 64.7 pozitif tanımlama oranı ve % 87.9 negatif tanımlama oranı elde edildi. Keçilerde ise bu oranlar sırasıyla % 70, % 60, % 72.5, % 35.3 ve % 87.9 olarak bulundu. Ayrıca korpus luteum büyüklüğü ve progesteron değerleri arasındaki korelasyon araştırıldı. Gebe ve gebe olmayan tüm hayvanlar içinde sadece gebe olmayan koyunlarda korelasyonun önemli olduğu (r=0.58; p<0.05) tespit edildi. Bunlara ilaveten yapılan vaginal sitoloji değerlendirmesinde gebe ve gebe olmayan hayvanlar arasında hücre kompozisyonu bakımından ayırıcı bir farklılığın olmadığı saptandı. Sonuç olarak, koyun ve keçilerde yapılan bu çalışmada servikal mukus kaynatma testiyle koyunlarda gebeliğin tanısında keçilere göre daha yüksek oranlar elde edilebileceği ve bu yöntemin saha koşullarında uygulanabileceği kanısına varıldı.
Granulosa theca cell tumor in an Arabian mare: Are immunohistochemically loss of GDF-9 and BMP-6 proteins associated with high GATA-4, inhibin-?, AMH expressions?
(2013) Dal, Gamze Evkuran; Alçığır, Eray; Polat, İbrahim Mert; Vural, Sevil Atalay; Canatan, Hatice Esra; Vural, Mehmet Rıfat; Küplülü, Şükrü
Bir Arap kısrağında granuloza-teka hücre tümörü (GTHT); klinik, patomorfolojik ve immunohistokimyasal (İHK) incelemelerle teşhis edildi. İmmunohistokimyasal olarak GTHT’de; Transforming Growth factor-? ailesi [GDF-9 Growth Diff erentiation Factor-9 (GDF-9), Bone Morphogenetic Protein-6 (BMP-6), anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) ve inhibin-?], GATA ailesi (GATA-4 ve GATA-6) ve Insulin-like Growth Factor ailesi (IGF-1 and IGF-2) üyelerinin olası rolleri ortaya konmaya çalışıldı ve bulgular iki negatif kontrol ovaryum dokusuyla karşılaştırıldı. Neoplastik ovaryum dokusunda AMH, inhibin-?, IGF-2, GATA-4 orta derecede, IGF-1, GATA-6 ise hafif derecede pozitif sonuç verirken GDF-9 ve BMP-6 pozitifl ik göstermedi. Ayrıca kontrol grubu dokuların boyamalarında tüm belirteçler ile orta derecede pozitif sonuçlar elde edildi. Kısraklarda GTHT tümörogenezisinde yüksek GATA-4, AMH ve İnhibin-? düzeylerinin, GDF-9 ve BMP-6 eksikliğindeki önemli rolünü belirlemede mitojenik ve stres sinyallerine yanıttaki genlerin aktivasyonundan sorumlu transkripsiyon faktörlerinin de yeni moleküler çalışmalar ile incelenmesi gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur.
Evaluation of Age Releated Anti-Müllerian Hormone Variations in Domestic Cat
(2016) Yağcı, İlknur Pir; Polat, İbrahim Mert; Pekcan, Mert
Anti-Müllerian hormon (AMH) Transforming Growth Factor Beta ailesinin bir üyesidir ve dişilerde sadece ovaryumlardaki büyümekte olan granüloza hücrelerinden üretilir. Bu nedenle, ovaryumların varlığını ya da yokluğunu belirlemede AMH ölçümleri önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı evcil kedilerde ovariohisterektomi (OHE) öncesi ve sonrası bireysel AMH düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi, OHE sonrası farklı günlerde alınan kan örneklerinde ortalama AMH değişimlerinin gösterilmesi, yaşa bağlı AMH düzeylerindeki değişimlerin belirlenmesi ve AMH düzeylerinin fonksiyonel ovaryum dokusunun belirlenmesinde bir tanı aracı olarak kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılmasıdır. Bu çalışmada toplam 30 evcil kedi kullanıldı. Hayvanlar yaşlarına göre iki gruba ayrıldı; <1 yaş (Grup 1, n=13), >1 yaş (Grup 2, n=17). Tüm kedilerin serum AMH konsantrasyonları 0 ve 3. günlerde sırasıyla 3.15±2.25 ng/mL ve 0.38±0.21 ng/mL olarak belirlendi. Operasyondan 10 gün sonra tüm kısırlaştırılmış kedilerin AMH düzeyleri ELISA kitinin ölçebildiği minimum değerden daha düşüktü (<0.08 ng/mL). Yaş sınıflandırmasına göre ise kedilerin yaşları ile AMH düzeyleri arasında 0. gün (rs=0.293, P<0.05) ve 3. günde(rs=0.410, P<0.01) korelasyon belirlendi. Sonuç olarak kedilerde fonksiyonel ovaryum dokusunun değerlendirilmesinde serum AMH konsantrasyonlarının ölçümü yeterli olacağı düşünüldü.
Association among lipopolysaccharide, the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, follicular growth, and transcription factors in spontaneous bovine ovarian cysts
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2020) Colakoglu, H. E.; Kuplulu, S.; Polat, I. M.; Pekcan, M.; Ozenc, E.; Baklaci, C.; Seyrek-Intas, K.
The aim of this study was to investigate some of the growth and transcriptional factors originating from oocytes and granulosa cells in follicular fluid and to identify the relationships between the basic blood metabolite-metabolic hormones and intrafollicular lipo-polysaccharide (LPS) concentrations. Thirty cows included in the study were allocated into 2 groups comprising 15 cows with healthy preovulatory follicles (cyclic cows) and 15 cows with confirmed cystic follicles. The ovaries and uteri of all cows were assessed by transrectal ultrasonographic examination. Blood serum samples were collected at 15, 25, 35, 45, and 55 d after calving for analysis of nonesterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate, insulin, glucose, IGF-1, ACTH, and cortisol. Ovaries and uteri were examined using transrectal ultrasound. Vaginal discharge was evaluated on the same days. Follicular fluid was also aspirated on days 35-55 from the healthy preovulatory follicles and cystic follicles using a transvaginal ovum pickup method. The densitometric levels of inhibin-a, growth and differentiation factor (GDF-9), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-6), and GATA-4 and GATA-6 proteins were analyzed by the Western blotting technique; the concentrations of antimullerian hormone (AMH), IGF-I, estradiol-17 beta (E2), and progesterone (P4) were determined by ELISA; and the concentrations of LPS in the follicular fluid were measured by the Limulus amebocyte lysate test. The serum insulin, ACTH, and cortisol concentrations were higher in cystic cows than cyclic cows, but serum IGF-I concentrations were lower in cystic cows. The IGF-1 concentrations of cystic follicular fluids were lower, whereas AMH levels were significantly greater than those of healthy preovulatory follicular fluids. The cystic follicles had significantly lower expression levels of GDF-9, BMP-6, GATA-4, and GATA-6; in contrast, inhibin-alpha expression and LPS concentrations were significantly higher than in healthy preovulatory follicles. The proportion of pathologic vaginal discharge within 25 d postpartum in cystic cows were higher than in the cyclic group. In conclusion, it is suggested that intrafollicular dysregulation of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, growth, and transcriptional factors is affected by high intrafollicular LPS concentrations and systemic metabolic changes and these disturbances may be responsible for the generation of ovarian cysts. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
In vitro exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) stimulates spontaneous feline uterine contractions
(SCIENTIFIC TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY-TUBITAK, 2020) Kabakci, Ruhi; Macun, Hasan Ceyhun; Yildirim, Ebru; Polat, Ibrahim Mert; Elifoglu, Taha Burak
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plasticizer in various products such as PVC-derived plastics, toys, packaging materials, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DEHP on spontaneous contractions of the feline uterus in vitro. Tubal 1-cm uterine samples prepared from 10, 9, and 12 uteri obtained from adult cats in estrus (n = 5), diestrus (n = 5), and interestrus (n = 5), respectively, after ovariohysterectomy were suspended in an isolated organ bath in aerated Krebs solution at 39 +/- 1 degrees C, and an initial 1 g tension was given. After 1 h equilibration of tissues, the spontaneous contractions were recorded for 10 min as control. The effects of solvent and DEHP (0.001-100 mu M) on contractions were then evaluated in terms of frequency and mean amplitude parameters. It was observed that DEHP had no effect on uterine contractions of cats in interestrus. However, DEHP significantly increased the mean amplitude of uterine contractions during the estrus and diestrus periods at concentrations of 1 mu M and 10 mu M, respectively, depending on the dose (P < 0.05). Decreases in the frequency of the contractions in the estrus and diestrus periods were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). 'this study, carried out for the first time in cats, showed that DEHP has a stimulatory effect on uterine contractions. We concluded that disruption of the uterine contractions, which are essential for physiological reproductive processes such as regular estrous cycles, sperm and zygote transport, implantation and continuation of pregnancy, by DEHP exposure may cause many reproductive problems.
Inhibitory effect of Bisphenol A on in vitro feline uterine contractions
(Elsevier Science Bv, 2019) Kabakci, Ruhi; Macun, Hasan Ceyhun; Polat, Ibrahim Mert; Yildirim, Ebru
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental pollutant used as a plasticizer in the manufacture of many plastic products, such as packaging, containers, and water and beverage bottles. There are deleterious effects of BPA on metabolic, endocrine, nervous, and reproductive systems. This is the first study in which there was investigation of the in vitro effect of BPA on the spontaneous contractions of the cat uterus. The tubal uterine segments (1 cm) collected from queens in estrus were suspended in an isolated organ bath. Following tissue stabilization, spontaneous contractions were recorded for 10 min to constitute the control group. The effects of the solvent (alcohol) and BPA at different concentrations (1, 10, and 100 mu M) on uterine contractions were subsequently evaluated at 10 min intervals in terms of frequency and mean amplitude variables. The ethanol vehicle did not alter the uterine contractions compared to the control group. All concentrations of BPA used in the study resulted in a reduction (P < 0.05) in amplitude of uterine contractions in a dose-dependent manner, while only the largest dose of BPA decreased the frequency of contractions (P < 0.05). In reproductive physiology, regular uterine contractions facilitate successful fertilization, migration, implantation, and maintenance of pregnancy, as well as fetus expulsion. The results of this study indicate BPA has an inhibitory effect on spontaneous contractions of the cat uterus. It is proposed that this suppressive effect of BPA on uterine contractions might lead to queen infertility.
Total oxidant and antioxidant activities in milk with various somatic cell count intervals during discrete cow and buffalo lactation periods
(Indian Dairy Assoc, 2018) Yigit, A. A.; Cinar, M.; Macun, H. C.; Ozenc, E.; Kabakci, R.; Yazici, E.; Salar, S.
This study first investigated the total oxidant and antioxidant capacity (TOC and TAC, respectively) in cow and buffalo milk, with various somatic cell count (SCC) levels, having the same lactation numbers(LN). Second, it determined whether there is an association between the TAC and TOC and the lactation number, for the same SCC level. Quarter milk samples, collected from Holstein cows and Anatolian buffaloes, were separated into SCC levels of <= 2x10(5), 2x10(5)-5x10(5), 5x10(5)-1x10(6) and >= 1x10(6) cells mL(-1) for cow milk, and <= 2x10(5), 2x10(5)-4x10(5), 4x10(5)-1x10(6) and >= 1x10(6) cells mL(-1), for buffalo milk. Next, each group was subdivided, according to the lactation number (cows: 1-2nd, 3-4th, 5-6th, buffaloes: 1-4th, 5-8th, 9-12th), and TOC and TAC of the milk were measured. For the same lactation numbers, TOC increased in the cow and buffalo groups with an SCCV >= 1x10(6) cells mL(-1) (p< 0.05). Conversely, TAC decreased in cow milk with an SCC > 5x10(5)cells mL(-1). In buffalo milk, TAC decreased in parallel with the increased SCC. Among the same SCC groups, TOC and TAC were not affected by the lactation number, in cow and buffalo milk. An increased SCC caused an increased TOC and decreased TAC level, for the same lactation number. No relation existed among TOC, TAC and lactation number, for the same SCC level. SCC may be used as an indicator of TOC and TAC in cow and buffalo milk.
Effects of mancozeb, metalaxyl and tebuconazole on steroid production by bovine luteal cells in vitro
(Elsevier Science Bv, 2018) Atmaca, Nurgul; Arikan, Sevket; Essiz, Dinc; Kalender, Hakan; Simsek, Ozkan; Bilmen, Fatih Sultan; Kabakci, Ruhi
Mancozeb, metalaxyl and tebucanazole are widely used pesticides in agriculture and industry to treat plant pathogenic fungi. Livestock may be exposed to such substances by consuming contaminated plants. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of these three fungicides on bovine luteal cell steroidogenesis. Luteal slices from mid-cycle corpus luteum were dissociated into single cell suspension in aerated (02) culture media (DMEM/F12) by enzymatic digestion. The cells were incubated in newborn calf serum (10%) for 18 h and then with serum-free media containing mancozeb (0.01 mu M, 0.1 mu M, 1 mu M), tebuconazole (1 mu M, 10 mu M, 100 mu M) or metalaxyl (100 mu M, 500 mu M, 2500 mu M) for additional 96 h. The medium was replaced on day 1 and 3; and the retrieved medium was stored at - 20 degrees C until progesterone assay. Treatment of cells with three different fungicides induced dose dependent variable decrease in steroid synthesis during incubation periods. Incubation of cells with 1 pM mancozeb exhibited a 33% decline in steroid synthesis on day 3 and 48% decline on day 5 compared with controls. Treatment of cells with 100 M tebuconazole and 500 mu M metalaxyl resulted in a 65% and 31% decrease, respectively, in progesterone accumulation on day 5 of incubation. Fungicide induced suppressive effects on luteal steroidogenesis were as metalaxyl < tebuconazole < mancozeb. Results of the present study suggest that designated concentrations of all three fungicides studied might have varying degrees of adverse effects on luteal steroidogenesis.
Rumination Time and Physical Activity Monitoring, Milk Yield Changes Around Estrus and First Service Pregnancy Rate in Dairy Cows Assigned to Voluntary Waiting Period
(Israel Veterinary Medical Assoc, 2018) Yazlik, M. O.; Colakoglu, H. E.; Polat, I. M.; Aloglu, E.; Baklaci, C.; Kaya, U.; Kuplulu, S.
In high milk-yielding dairy cows, the energy balance challenges in early lactation and impact reproductive performance often affects estrus intensity, duration and detection. This study determined the role of a voluntary waiting period on rumination time, physical activity and milk yield changes during the peri-estrus period in the first service and further fertility in high-yielding dairy cows. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a relationship between voluntary waiting period and estrus-related parameters. This study was conducted on 145 Holstein-Friesian dairy cows aged 2 to 6 years of age. Cows were assigned a short voluntary waiting period, 45 to 70 day in milk (SVWP; n=73), and the long voluntary waiting period, 71 to 95 day in milk (LVWP; n=72). Rumination time, physical activity and milk yield changes around estrus in the first service were detected by an automated monitoring system. Artificial insemination procedures were performed between 45 to 70 days in milk for SVWP and 71 to 95 days in milk for LVWP. The barn's daily temperature and humidity index (THI) was recorded throughout the study period and was <72. Basal rumination time were significantly lower in SVWP (376.82 +/- 74.58 min/clay) than LVWP group at the day of estrus (352,07 +/- 68.90 min/day) (P<0.01). First service pregnancy rate was 23.72% and 38.46% in short and long voluntary waiting period, respectively (p<0.05). Physical activity intensity and milk yield changes were similar among groups during the peri-estrus period and on the day of estrus. The results indicated that the short voluntary waiting period was associated with the lower basal rumination time around estrus and lower first service pregnancy rate.
Detection of progressive and regressive phase and LINE-1 retrotransposon in transfected dogs with transmissible venereal tumor during chemotherapy
(Korean Soc Veterinary Science, 2018) Vural, Sevil Atalay; Haziroglu, Rifki; Vural, Mehmet R.; Polat, Ibrahim M.; Tunc, Arda S.
Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is a tumor that commonly occurs in genital and extragenital sites of both genders. Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1) retrotransposon has a pivotal role in allogenic transfection among uncontrolled dog populations. This study aimed to perform pathomorphological, immunohistochemical, and in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) evaluation of CTVT (n = 18) in transfected dogs during chemotherapy. Immunohistochemically, tumor phases were investigated by using specific markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD79, and transforming growth factor beta [TGF-beta]), and investigated an amplified specific sequence of TVT LINE-1 retrotransposon by in situ PCR. Polyhedral-shaped neoplastic cells that had large, round, hypo/hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm were detected. All marker results were positive, especially in the early weeks of recovery. CD4 and TGF-beta markers were conspicuously positive at the initial stage. In situ PCR LINE-1 sequence was initially positive in only four cases. It is believed that the CD and TGF-beta markers provide phase identification at tumor initiation and during chemotherapy. It is thought that presence of T and B lymphocytes, which have roles in cellular and humoral immunity, is needed so that regression of the tumor is possible.
Seroprevalance of Schmallenberg virus and its relationship with some geographical features in sheep reared in Kirikkale
(Ankara Univ Press, 2017) Macun, Hasan Ceyhun; Azkur, Ahmet Kursat; Kalender, Hakan; Erat, Serkan
A virus, which effects ruminants, was firstly described in 2011 in Europe. There are limited information about this virus called Schmallenberg in Turkey. The aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalance of Schmallenberg virus (SBV), which may cause major economic losses to sheep, and the association between seroprevalance and some geographical features (e.g. altitude, near a large water source) because of transmission by Culicoides spp. Blood samples from 1038 animals (969 ewes, 69 rams) in 38 flocks were collected and evaluated with a commercial ELISA kit in terms of specific antibody for SBV in centrum and eight towns of Kirikkale, where the altitudes ranges from 684 to 1219 meters. Age groups of the animals were determined as >= 2 - <4 (n= 517), >= 4 - <6 (n= 474) and >= 6 (n= 47) years old. The samples of Schmallenberg virus specific antibody detected as positive and suspected were 0.38% (4/1038) and 0.57% (6/1038), respectively. One out of four Schmallenberg virus specific antibody positive animals was ram, the others were ewes. On the other hand, one out of six Schmallenberg virus specific antibody suspected animals was ram, the others were ewes. The flocks of the animals with the virus specific antibody positive and suspected animals were not in places with the certain altitudes and the half of those flocks were not close to large water sources. Due to the limited numbers of animals with the virus specific antibody positive, no statistical analysis were performed to see the association between the seroprevalance of the virus and gender, age of the animals and the geographical features of the places. This study that is first investigation about Schmallenberg virus seroprevalence in sheep in Kirikkale, showed the presence of the virus specific antibody. It was also thought that this virus should be considered as the cause of abortion and malformed births in flocks.
Associations between leptin, body condition score, and energy metabolites in Holstein primiparous and multiparous cows from 2 to 8 weeks postpartum
(Ecole Nationale Veterinaire Toulouse, 2017) Colakoglu, H. E.; Polat, I. M.; Vural, M. R.; Kuplulu, S.; Pekcan, M.; Yazlik, M. O.; Baklaci, C.
The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum leptin and body condition score (BCS) during the postpartum period in Holstein cows. We also explored the potential associations with other metabolic traits and fertility parameters. Primiparous and multiparous cows were subjected to leptin analysis on calving day. Starting at the second week postpartum, cows underwent seven weeks of weekly monitoring of serum concentrations of NEFA, BHB, leptin, cholesterol, AST, and bilirubin. During study, BCS changes were recorded, and the genital tract was assessed by ultrasonography and some fertility parameters were evaluated. During the study period, primiparous cows showed a lower mean BCS (P < 0.05). Leptin concentrations between calving and 8 weeks postpartum were higher in multiparous cows than primiparous cows (P < 0.001). Between postpartum weeks 2 and 8, primiparous cows showed higher concentrations of NEFA, BHB, and AST and lower cholesterol concentrations. Multiparous cows showed greater largest follicle diameters and ovulated earlier. Primiparous cows showed higher intervals of calving-to-first insemination and calving-to-conception, more insemination indices for the conception. Improved cow metabolic and reproductive performance was associated with lower concentrations of NEFA, BHB, and AST; higher concentrations of leptin and cholesterol; and greater BCS change during the early postpartum period. Delayed ovarian activity in primiparous cows might be caused by lower postpartum concentrations of leptin and cholesterol.
Effects Of Acetamiprid, Methomyl, And Deltamethrin On Steroidogenesis In Cultured Bovine Luteal Cells
(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Arikan, Sevket; Simsek, Ozkan; Kalender, Hakan; Essiz, Dinc; Atmaca, Nurgul; Kabakci, Ruhi; Bilmen, Fatih Sultan
Acetamiprid, methomyl, and deltamethrinare widely used insecticides in agriculture and industry; thus, livestock may receive substantial exposure to such substances. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of these agents on bovine luteal cell steroidogenesis.Cells were incubated with acetamiprid (0.1 mM, 1 mM, or 10 mM), methomyl (0.1 mM, 1 mM, or 10 mM), or deltamethrin (0.01 mM, 0.1 mM, or 1 mM) for 5 days. Incubation with 1 mMacetamiprid resulted in significantly reducedpro-gesterone production by day 5. Incubation with 1 mM methomyl had no effect on progesterone pro-ductionby day 3 but did result in significant inhibi-tionby day 5. Incubation in 0.1 mM and 1 mMdelta-methrin resulted in significant reduction on both days 3 and 5. All three insecticides diminish luteal progesterone synthesis, with rank order methomyl
Association Of Number Of Artificial Inseminations Per Pregnancy In Holstein Dairy Cows With Polymorphism In Luteinizing Hormone Receptor And Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor Genes
(Univ Ljubljana, Veterinary Faculty, 2017) Arslan, Korhan; Akyuz, Bilal; Akcay, Aytac; Ilgar, Esma Gamze; Macun, Hasan Ceyhun; Cinar, Mehmet Ulas
Failure to become pregnant is the primary reason for a dairy cow to be culled from the production herd. A cow that is cycling normally, with no reproductive abnormalities, but has failed to conceive after at least three successive inseminations may cause economic losses in dairy farms. The present study aimed to examine the association between follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR) genes polymorphisms and number of artificial inseminations in the Holstein cattle breed, raised in Turkey. A total of 264 Holstein cows were included in this study, consisting of 222 cows which had undergone a low number of artificial inseminations (two or less inseminations; LI) and 42 cows with a high number of artificial inseminations (three or more inseminations; HI). The polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to determine the FSHR-AluI and LHCGR-HhaI DNA variants. Three genotypes (CC, CG and GG) were observed for the FSHR gene in LI and HI cows. No statistical difference was found among LI and HI animals for the FSHR genotypes (P=0.934). However, only the CC genotype was detected in LI cows whereas the CC, CT and TT genotypes were detected in HI cows for the LHCGR gene. The genotype frequency of CC was found to be highest (93%) in the HI animals and an association between LHCGR genotypes and the number of artificial inseminations per pregnancy was identified (P<0.001). This is the first report to describes an association between FSHR and LHCGR polymorphisms and number of artificial inseminations in cows.
Evalution of the relationship between milk glutathione peroxidase activity, milk composition and various parameters of subclinical mastitis under seasonal variations
(Univ Zagreb Vet Faculty, 2017) Colakoglu, Hatice E.; Kuplulu, Ozlem; Vural, Mehmet R.; Kuplulu, Sukru; Yazlik, Murat O.; Polat, Ibrahim M.; Bayramoglu, Rustem
The aims of this study were to evaluate the Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in milk, and various milk parameters [milk fat, milk protein, milk solids non-fat (SNF), somatic cell count (SCC), total bacteria count (TBC), electrical conductivity (EC)] in healthy dairy cows during lactation, and to demonstrate the significant correlations between GSH-Px activity, milk composition, SCC, TBC and EC under seasonal variations. The cows calving in January were assigned into the winter group (n = 30) while the other cows calving in August were assigned into the summer group (n = 30). Milk samples were collected weekly during lactation, and monthly average values of the parameters were determined. Although milk GSH-Px activity was variable during lactation, it was significantly higher in the winter group compared to the summer group of cows during the first five months of lactation (P<0.001). However, between the 6th and 10th months of lactation, GSH-Px activity was significantly higher in the summer group (P<0.001). In both groups of cows, GSH-Px activity was negatively correlated with SCC, TBC and EC during lactation. No correlation was found between GSH-activity and milk composition. In conclusion, the alteration of milk GSH-Px levels could be used as a diagnostic tool for monitoring udder health due to its relationship with the parameters of subclinical mastitis. Furthermore, cows calving in winter had higher GSH-Px activity than those calving in summer, especially during the first few months of lactation. These findings indicate that milk GSH-Px activity in cows during lactation could be influenced by seasonal variations.

Güncel Gönderiler