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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12587/18856

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Assessment of heavy metal pollution with different indices in Sureyyabey dam lake in Turkey
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Erdoğan, Şeyda; Kankılıç, Gökben Başaran; Seyfe, Merve; Tavşanoğlu, Ülkü Nihan; Akın, Şenol
The current study, for the first time, focused on the determination of pollution levels and spatial distribution of heavy metals in Sureyyabey Dam Lake which is an important water source for the surrounding area. Water and sediment samples were taken seasonally from six sites exposed to different anthropogenic impacts. The most enriched elements in the Dam Lake were As, Cd, Mo, and Pb. In all sampling sites, the average heavy metal concentrations indicated low risk except for Cd and Pb which were classified in the moderate ecological risk class. Overall, the ecological risk was low for one site (S3) because of the far distance from the residential areas, while the ecological risk of the other stations was moderate. According to water analysis results, the aquatic life criteria could not be met for Zn, Cu, Cr, and Hg in Sureyyabey Dam Lake. Although the dam lake is used only for irrigation purposes, the Sureyyabey Dam Lake water is not suitable for drinking according to the metal limit values of the World Health Organisation. The results of the current study will contribute to the awareness of local authorities by using several indices on taking the necessary precautions.
Assessing microplastic pollution in a river basin: A multidisciplinary study on circularity, sustainability, and socio-economic impacts
(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2024) Tavsanoglu, Ulku Nihan; Koraltan, Idrisdris; Kankilic, Gokben Basaran; Cirak, Tamer; Erturk, Seyma; Urker, Okan; Guclu, Pembe
Plastic pollution has emerged as a significant environmental challenge worldwide, posing serious threats to ecosystems and human health. This study seeks to explore the interplay among circularity, sustainability, and the release of microplastics within the freshwater ecosystems situated along the western Black Sea coast- D & uuml;zce, T & uuml;rkiye. Employing a multidisciplinary approach that integrates environmental science, economics, and policy analysis, the research examines the current state of plastic pollution in the region, considering diverse land uses and socio-economic lifestyles. Conducted over four different seasons, the current study identifies the prevailing types of microplastics in the region. Fibers dominate, comprising 86.7% in each season, followed by film and fragments at 7.7% and 7.0%, respectively. Notably, polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) emerges as the primary polymer types. The distribution of polymer types varies across different land uses within the region, emphasizing the influential role of land use in shaping the abundance polymer composition. The comprehensive assessment of pollution, as reflected in the overall pollution load index (PLI) of the Melen River indicating a concerning level of pollution (PLI>1). Finally, the study unveiled the relationship between socio-economic activities as well as the seasonal precipitation patterns, and microplastic contamination in the region. This underscored the importance of site-specific mitigation measures on reducing the amount of microplastics. Lastly, incorporating sustainable practices within the circular economy framework fosters a harmonious balance between economic development and environmental protection in T & uuml;rkiye.
Application of Artificial Neural Network-Based Approach for Calculating Dissolved Oxygen Profiles in Kapulukaya Dam Reservoir
(Centre Environment Social & Economic Research Publ-Ceser, 2007) Tüzün, İlhami; Soyupak, Selçuk; İnce, Özlem; Başaran, Gökben
An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) modelling approach has been shown to be successful in calculating time and space dependent dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration profiles in Kapulukaya Dam Reservoir using limited number of input variables. The variation of inflow to the reservoir with respect to time was significantly high. The reservoir operational levels were relatively stable. The Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was adopted during training. Preprocessing before training and post processing after simulation steps were the treatments applied to raw data and predictions respectively. Different configurations of Multilayer perceptron neural networks were designed by selecting different combinations of number of hidden layers (single and double) and number of neurons within each of the hidden layers. Generalisation was improved and over-fitting problems were eliminated: Early stopping method was applied for improving generalisation. The conventional model criteria of correlation coefficient (R) and mean square errors (MSE) were adopted to compare model performances. The correlation coefficients between neural network estimates and field measurements were as high as 0.96 for daily and monthly data respectively with experiments that involve double layer neural network structure with 31 neurons within each hidden layer. The study results revealed that the data sizes effect model performances up to a certain level.
The antibacterial activity of hemolymph of spider, Agelena labyrinthica (Araneae: Agelenidae)
(Kastamonu Univ, Orman Fak, 2008) Yigit, Nazife; Benli, Mehlika
Since the number of microorganisms which are resistant to antibiotics have been increasing steadily, the need for treating these pathogens requires novel and efficacious antimicrobial agents, both in medicine and in agriculture. In our study, the hemolymph of Agelena labyrinthica (Clerck, 1757) (Araneae: Agelenidae) which is considered as an alternative resource for antibiotics, was tested against ten bacterial strains, and it was found that five out of ten strains were sensitive to hemolymph. The sensitive bacterial strains were Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella sp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus. Our results showed that spider hemolymph had antibacterial effects. This is the first study about antibacterial effects of A. labyrinthica's hemolymph.
Contributions to the genus Zodarion Walckenaer, 1826 in Turkey, with the description of a new species (Araneae: Zodariidae)
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Coşar, İlhan; Danışman, Tarık; Yağmur, Ersen Aydın
In this paper, two species are newly recognized in Turkey. One is new to science, described as Zodarion kunti sp. n. (male, female) from southeast Anatolian region. The other, Zodarion christae Bosmans, 2009 is found for the first time in Denizli, Antalya, and Mugla provinces.
Loxosceles: A Case Healed Completely Without Any Necrotic Tissue by Emergency Department and Review of the Literature
(Aves, 2013) Gülalp, Betül; Kayipmaz, Afsin Emre; Altinors, Mehmet Nur; Sancak, Zafer; Yiğit, Nazife
The most common finding of Loxosceles biting is a progresive ulcerous dermanecrosis. The responsible dermonecrotic factor found in the venom is Sphingomyelinase D. Poison effects are indicated by coagulation and occlusion which are the initial triggers of tissue necrosis in small capillaries. A 28 year old female patient was admitted after being bitten by a brown spider 3-4 hours earlier while putting on her shoes in the morning. There was a finding wit t a local inflammation on the medial proximal part of the right second toe. The following day, there was a medium grade edema reaching to the ankle, a large lesion colored in red-purple with undetermined borders and increased temperature on palpation. On the first day of hospitalization, RDW was 15.50, WBC was 11.20, neutrophil was 79.80%, lymphocyte was 11.30% on CBC, CRP was 16, CPK was 455, LDH was 78 whereas the parameters of sedimentation, PT, PTT, blood gas were in normal ranges. An x-ray of the foot was taken. Stabilization and elevation of the extremity were provided. She was hospitalized due to Loxosceles poisoning in the Emergency Department for 5 days. The conservative treatment with fluid, antibiotics, corticosteroid, antiinflamatory drugs were initiated. The foot healed with a minimal pigmented dermal finding without any complication of tissue necrosis on the fourth week. The patient without any significant initial complaints and findings in insect bites should not confuse the clinician. The importance of observation of these patients is clear for control of probable complications and misdiagnosis cases.
Describing the Expression Profiles of Glutathione S-Transferase Mu and Tumor Protein 53 in Brain Tumor Tissue
(Erciyes Univ Sch Medicine, 2024) Dirican, Onur; Kaygın, Pınar; Sarıaltın, Sezen Yılmaz ; Yılmaz, Can; Şimşek, Gülçin; Oğuztüzün, Serpil; Çoban, Tülay
Objective: This study aims to explore the expression profiles of the glutathione S-transferaseMu (GST-M) isozyme and tumor protein 53 (p53) in both healthy and tumorous brain tissues. The findings are compared with clinical features and lifestyle factors to identify potential associations or correlations. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 149 patients diagnosed with primary or metastatic intracranial tumors. The expression levels of GST-M and p53 proteins were assessed in healthy and tumorous brain tissues using immunohistochemical staining. We also evaluated the associated clinical features and lifestyle factors. Results: There was a significant difference in the expression levels of GST-M between tumorous and healthy brain tissues, with tumor tissues showing higher expression (p<0.0001). Conversely, robust p53 expression was absent in both normal (97.3%) and tumor (78.5%) tissues. Nevertheless, a significantly higher prevalence of samples with p53 expression was found in the tumor group (p<0.0001). No associations were found between expression levels and clinical features or lifestyle risk factors. Furthermore, GST-M and p53 expression did not impact postoperative survival rates. Conclusion: The findings indicate an elevated expression of GST-M in brain tumor tissues, suggesting a potential role for GST-M in brain tumorigenesis.
Investigation of the Genotoxic Effect of Fluoxetine Hydrochloride in Drosophila melanogaster
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2024) Öz, Selda; Sarıkaya, Zeynep Nur; Larçin, Özüm; Sarıkaya, Rabia
This study aimed to determine the potential genotoxic effect of fluoxetine hydrochloride (FLX-HCl), an antidepressant commonly used for treating depression, using Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART). Third-instar Drosophila melanogaster larvae transheterozygous for the mutations multiple wing hair (mwh) and flare (flr3) were chronically fed in a medium containing different concentrations of FLX-HCl (0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/mL) in the experimental group. Distilled water, 0.1 mM ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), and 2% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were used in negative, positive, and solvent control groups, respectively. The survival percentages were calculated by determining the number of individuals surviving when the larvae completed their development in the experimental and control groups. In all application groups, the wings of 40 individuals with both normal and serrate wing phenotypes were examined under a microscope, and genetic changes were evaluated by counting the mutant clones in the wings. The data obtained show that 1 and 2 mg/mL concentrations of FLX-HCl caused toxic effects in D. melanogaster individuals. Additionally, FLX-HCl showed a negative genotoxic effect at 0.1 mg/mL concentration, insignificant at 0.5 mg/mL concentration, and positive at 1 and 2 mg/mL concentrations in terms of total mutation evaluation and clone induction frequency in D. melanogaster individuals.
Investigation of the biocompatibility and in vivo wound healing effect of Cotinus coggygria extracts
(Ankara Univ, 2024) Bozkaya, Esra; Türk, Mustafa; Ekici, Hüsamettin; Karahan, Siyami
Cotinus coggygria is widely recognized its antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihemorrhagic, and wound-healing properties. In this, aimed to evaluate the phenolic contents, cytotoxicity/proliferation, hemolytic, antimicrobial, genotoxic, apoptotic, necrotic activities, and in vivo wound healing effects of C. coggygria, , a plant species known to have beneficial effects on wound healing. TOF-LC/MS analyzes revealed that the methanol extract of C. coggygria leaves contained flavonoids and phenolic compounds such as gallic acid (18.5 mg/kg), catechin (4.6 mg/kg), protocatesic acid (0.6 mg/kg), vanillic acid (8.4 mg/kg), ellagic acid (0.1 mg/kg), rosmarinic acid (0.1 mg/kg), quercetin (15 ppb) and C. coggygria stems contained such as gallic acid (24.6 mg/kg), catechin (155.1 mg/kg), chlorogenic acid (1.9 mg/kg), 4hydroxybenzoic acid (383.3 mg/kg), rutin (2.5 mg/kg), ellagic acid (15.1 mg/kg), apigenin 7-glycoside (10.5 mg/kg), rosmarinic acid (0,4 mg/kg), quercetin (15.2 mg/kg), naringenin (279.1 mg/kg). Consequently, C. coggyria has a positive effect on wound healing with antibacterial properties, particularly against E. coli, and without cytotoxic, genotoxic, or hemolytic effects at test concentrations. In the in vivo burn model, wounds treated with leaf and stem extracts healed faster than the control group. Thus, C. coggygria is an effective plant for wound healing with antibacterial properties, particularly against E. coli, and without cytotoxic, genotoxic, and hemolytic effects.
Revision of the genus Nepeta L. (Lamiaceae) in Iraq
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2023) Dirmenci, Tuncay; Haloob, Ali; Çelep, Ferhat; Ghazanfar, Shahina A.
This paper revises the genus Nepeta for the family Lamiaceae for the Flora of Iraq project. We describe a new species, Nepeta iraqensis, and four new records Nepeta congesta subsp. cryptantha, N. stricta, N. lamiifolia and N. iodantha for Iraq. Lectotypes for six taxa are selected and comments on complex species are given. In addition, two new synonyms are given here for the first time. In all, we describe with identification keys, 19 taxa, three of which are endemic to Iraq.
Bazı makroalglerin Drosophila melanogaster’in hayatta kalışı üzerine etkileri
(2017) Arıca, Şükran Çakır; Demirci, Sevil; Özyılmaz, Ayşe; Öz, Selda; Arslantaş, Ecem
Bu çalışmanın amacı üç farklı makroalgin (Codium sp., Cystoseira sp., ve Polyides sp.) üzerinde en çok çalışılan ve araştırma yapılan model canlı olan Drosophila melanogaster' in hayatta kalışına etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Drosophila melanogaster'in niçin çalışıldığının birincil nedeni; bu türün, çok kısa sürede ve hızlı üreme oranına sahip olmasıdır. Diğer laboratuvar hayvanları ile karşılaştırıldıklarında Drosophila melanogaster' in genetik bilgi birikiminin yeterli olmasıdır. Bu nedenle, birçok sentetik ve doğal bileşenin canlının hayatta kalma oranı üzerine etkisi, ökaryotik bir canlı olan Drosophila'da sıklıkla test edilmiştir. Tam metamorfoz geçiren bu canlıya test bileşikleri larva evresinde uygulanır ve döngü tamamlandığında, yetişkin formda etki araştırılır. Bu çalışmada, makroalglerden Codium sp., Cystoseira sp., and Polyides sp., özütleri Instant Drosophila Medium Formula 4-24' e eklenip Drosophila melanogaster'e larval dönemde, üç grupta verilmiş, kontrol grubunda ise su kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma, makroalglerden Codium sp., Cystoseira sp., and Polyides sp., özütlerinin, Drosophila melanogaster'in hayatta kalışına pozitif etkisini göstermiştir
Bir Anadolu endemiği; Anadolu tarla faresi Microtus anatolicus'nin ekolojik tercihleri
(2011) Yavuz, Mustafa; Öz, Mehmet; Albayrak, İrfan
Bu çalışmada; 2007 yılı Haziran-Temmuz aylarında, bir Anadolu endemiği olan Microtus anatolicus'un tercih ettiği habitat tipi ve habitat karakteristikleri araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada 4 lokaliteden (Kozan, Bozdoğan, Cevizli ve Dereköy) M. anatolicus türüne ait toplam 63 ($29_{\male \male} + 34_{\female \female}$) adet örnek ölü ve 16 ($7_{\male \male} + 9_{\female \female}$) adet canlı olmak üzere toplam 79 örnek kullanılmııştır. Çalışılan lokalitelerden Cevizli ve Dereköy ilk kayıt olma özelliğindedir. Eşeylere göre örneklerin ölü yakalanma ve canlı yakalanma frekansları arasında istatistiksel bir farklılık yoktur ( $X^2_{ölü}$ = 0,20; df= 1; p= 0,66 ve $X^2_{canlı}$ = 0,13; df= 1; p= 0,72). Diğer taraftan, örneklerin yakalandıkları lokalitelerin rakımlarına göre; ölü ve canlı olarak yakalanma frekansları ile populasyon yoğunlukları arasında pozitif yönde korelasyonlar tespit edilmiştir (sırasıyla, $r_{ölü}= 0,742; n=4; p= 0,023, r_{canlı} = 0,785; n=4; p= 0,037$ ve $r_{pop.yoğ.} = 0,933; n= 6; p= 0,009)$. M. anatolicus kuru ve dar yuva alanlarında, küçük koloniler halinde yaşar. Çalışmada az eğimli de olsa (200 ye kadar) yuvaların çoğunlukla güneş alan bakılara yapıldığı görülmüştür. Yakalanan örneklerin yuvalarının bakıları incelendiğinde; 63 ölü örneğin tamamının (%100), 16 canlı örneğin tamamının (%100) yakalandığı ve populasyon yoğunluğunun %98,94'ünün güney, güneydoğu ve güneybatı yönünde olduğu görülmektedir. Yani kuzey bakılı alanlardan hiç örnek yakalanmamıştır.
C- and NOR stained karyotypes of mole rat, Nannospalax xanthodon (2n = 54) from Kırıkkale, Turkey
(2011) Arslan, Atilla; Toyran, Kubilay; Gözütok, Serdar; Yorulmaz, Tarkan
Bu çalışmada, Kırıkkale’deki Nannospalax xanthodon üsttürüne ait kör farelerin 2n = 54 kromozomal formu araştırıldı. Kör fare örnekleri üzerine standart kromozom boyama, Ag-NOR (Nükleolar Organizatör Bölge) boyama ve C-bantlama analizi uygulandı. Karyotip üç çift metasentrik (no. 1-3), üç çift submetasentrik (no. 4-6), üç çift subtelosentrik (no. 7-9) ve onyedi çift akrosentrik (no. 10-26) kromozom içerir (NFa = 70). C-heterokromatin bölgeler bazı iki kollu otozomal çiftlerin sentromerik, perisentromerik ve kısa kollarında bulundu ve C-heterokromatin birkaç akrosentrik kromozomun perisentromerik bölgesinde lokalize olmuştu. X kromozom sentromerik bir C-pozitif banda sahiptir ve Y kromozomunun tek tip ve C-negatif boyandığı ortaya çıktı. NOR’lar çalışılan bütün örneklerde dört çift (no. 4, 5, 8, 9) iki kollu otozomların kısa kollarının heterokromatin bölgelerinde lokalize olmuştur.
Myrtus communis L. (Mersin) Yaprak Ekstraktının Genoprotektif Etkisinin Somatik Mutasyon ve Rekombinasyon Testi (SMART) ile Değerlendirilmesi
(2019) Öz, Selda; Arıca, Şükran Çakır
Bu çalışmada Myrtus communis L. (mersin) yaprak ekstraktının genoprotektif etkisi somatik mutasyon ve rekombinasyon testi (SMART) ile incelendi. Yüksek genotoksik etkiye sahip kemoterapötik bir ajan olan doksorubisin (DXR) pozitif kontrol olarak kullanıldı. Test maddeleri flare (flr3 ) ve çoklu kanat kılı (mwh) mutant işaret genlerini taşıyan üç günlük (72±4 saat) transheterozigot Drosophila melanogaster larvalarına uygulandı. Mersin yaprak ekstraktı, genotoksik etkisini değerlendirmek için tek başına (1,5 ve 10 mg/ml), antigenotoksik etkisini değerlendirmek için doksorubisin (0,125 mg/ml) ile uygulandı. İnhibisyon yüzdeleri 1, 5 ve 10 mg/ml dozlarında sırasıyla %91,70, %97,51 ve %98,34 olarak hesaplandı. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre mersin yaprak ekstraktı test edilen tüm dozlarda doksorubisin kaynaklı mutant klon oluşumunu inhibe ederek antigenotoksik etki gösterdi.
Kapulukaya Barajı Aşağı Havza’sı Sediment Örneklerinde Ağır Metal Kirlilik Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi (Kızılırmak, Kırıkkale)
(2019) Kankılıç, Gökben Başaran
Bu çalışmada Mayıs 2013-Şubat 2014 tarihleri arasında Kızılırmak Nehri’nin Kırıkkale il sınırları içerisinde kalan kısmında belirlenen altı istasyondan alınan sediment örneklerinde ağır metal kirlilik düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Al, Fe, As, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg elementlerinin konsantrasyonları ICP-OES cihazı kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, Fe tüm istasyonlarda en yüksek konsantrasyonda birikim gösteren element olurken Hg, S1 istasyonu hariç en düşük konsantrasyonda birikmiştir. Çalışmanın yapıldığı dönemde Kırıkkale iline ait atık su arıtma tesisi bulunmaması sebebiyle kanalizasyon atıkları doğrudan Kızılırmak Nehri’ne bırakılmaktaydı. Atık suyun Kızılırmak Nehri’ne boşaltıldığı nokta, çalışmanın gerçekleştirildiği istasyonlardan S3 ile S4 arasında yer almaktadır. Buna göre ilk üç istasyon (S1, S2, S3) ve son üç istasyon (S4, S5, S6) karşılaştırıldığında ortalama değerlerin Hg hariç arttığı belirlenmiştir. Mevsimsel olarak anlamlı farklılık sadece Zn elementi için ilkbahar ile sonbahar ve ilkbahar ile kış arasında tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sediment kalite rehberinde belirtilen değerler kullanılarak ağır metal konsantrasyonları canlılık açısından değerlendirilmiştir. As, Ni element konsantrasyonlarının sedimentte sıklıkla yaşayan ve sedimentten beslenen organizmalar üzerinde zararlı etkilere yol açabilmesi muhtemel görülmüştür. Ayrıca Pb element konsantrasyonunun S4 istasyonunda canlılık açısından zararlı etkiler açığa çıkarabileceği tespit edilmiştir.
Türkçe Bilimsel Bitki Adları Yönergesi
(2016) Kandemir, Ali; Menemen, Yusuf; Aytaç, Zeki
Bitkilere Türkçe adların nasıl verileceği konusunda kuralların belirlenmesi, yok olan Türkçe adların korunması ve Türkçe bitki adları konusundaki yozlaşmanın da önüne geçilebilmesi için 2013 yılında Türkçe Bilimsel Bitki Adları Yönergesi Taslağı (Menemen vd., 2013) yayınlanmıştır. Yayınlanan bu taslakta Türkçe Bilimsel Bitki Adları Yönergesi'ne ihtiyaç duyulduğu belirtilmiştir. Taslak, Flora Araştırmaları Derneği'nin 15.04.2016 tarihli toplantısına katılan üyelerin katkılarıyla yapılan bazı düzeltmelerden sonra dernek yönetim kurulunun 15.04.2016 tarih ve 21 nolu kararı ile Türkçe Bilimsel Bitki Adları Yönergesi olarak oybirliğiyle kabul edilmiştir. Kabul edilen yönergenin hiçbir şekilde zorlayıcı olmadığı da bilinmelidir. Yönerge Prof. Dr. Yusuf Menemen, Prof. Dr. Zeki Aytaç ve Prof. Dr. Ali Kandemir tarafından düzenlenip, yayına hazırlanmıştır.
Protoiurus kraepilini (Iuridae: Scorpiones) Akrep Türünün Pektin (Tarak) Organının Fonksiyonel Morfolojisi ve Histolojisi
(2020) Kayhan, Nazife Yiğit; Öcal, İlkay Çorak
Akrepler, Arachnida sınıfında yer alan zehirli arthropodlardan olup, bilinen en eski karasal eklembacaklılardır ve yaşayan fosiller olarak da tanımlanmaktadırlar. Akrepler kendilerine özgü bir takım özelliklere, özel yapılara sahip olmaları ve zehirlenme vakalarına sebep olmaları nedeniyle çeşitli araştırmalara konu olmuştur. Ancak, akreplere özgü bir duyu organı olan ve tarak organı olarak da bilinen pektin organın yapısı hakkında çok fazla bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Protoiurus kraepelini (von Ubisch, 1922) akrebinin tarak organ yapısı ışık mikroskobu ve taramalı elektron mikroskop (SEM) kullanarak çalışılmış, detaylı morfolojik ve histolojik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Örnekler Eğirdir (Isparta, Türkiye)’de yapılan arazi çalışmalarında toplanamıştır. P. kraepelini’nin tarak organı diğer akreplerde olduğu gibi bir çift olarak mesosomal ikinci segmentin ventrolateralinde yerleşmiş olup genel mimariye uygun olarak marjinal lamella, median lamella ve pektinal dişler olmak üzere üç kısımdan oluşmaktadır. Aynı zamanda bu yapılar üzerinde yer alan duyusal kılları, pektinal dişler üzerindeki peg sensillanın morfolojileri incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, ilk kez P. kraepelini’nin tarak organının histolojisi ortaya konulmuş ve yapı - fonksiyon arasındaki bağlantı uyarınca olası fonksiyonları tartışılmıştır.
Molar Patterns in Microtus guentheri (Danford and Alston, 1880) (Mammalia: Rodentia) from Kırıkkale Province
(2009) Baydemir, Nursel Aşan; Duman, Lütfiye
Microtus guentheri is one of the most widespread rodent in Turkey. Morphotypes of upper and lower molar of 89 young and adult Guenther's voles, collected from central Anatolia have been examined and compared with the previous data given from Turkey. M2 of the young and adult specimens were non-agrestis morphotype. Young specimens possessed normal, duplicate and complex M3, whereas adult specimens possessed simplex form in addition to those forms. The complex form of M3 was determined from Central Anatolia with this study for the first time. Duplicate form of M3, was encountered more than the normal form in adult specimens. M1 of the young and adult specimens were found to be of arhombomorph type.
Investigation of the frequency of the mutant CCR5-?32 allele related to HIV resistance in Turkey
(2013) Karakaya, Gamze; Yıldıran, Fatma Azize Budak; Çakır, Şükran Arıca
Aim: To determine the frequency with which the CCR5-Δ32 mutant allele caused resistance to HIV, which is main agent of AIDS in all geographic regions of Turkey. Materials and methods: Randomly selected human blood samples from 400 healthy individuals were collected. The polymerase chain reaction method was used to determine the CCR5-Δ32 polymorphism and samples were screened using 2 primers. Results: The frequency of wild alleles was found to be 0.9738 and the frequency of mutant alleles was found to be 0.0262. The highest frequency of the CCR5-Δ32 allele was found to be 0.0726 in the Central Anatolia region. The lowest frequency of the CCR5-Δ32 allele was found to be 0.0093 in the Southeast Anatolia and the Mediterranean regions. The mutant allele was not observed in any individuals from the Marmara region. Homozygosity was not observed in terms of this mutant allele in the individuals studied. Conclusion: According to the data obtained from this study, the frequency of CCR5-Δ32, except for in the Marmara region, showed parallelism with a decrease consistent with a north-south direction across the world. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of the CCR5-Δ32 allele, which is important for the evaluation of samples that are representative of all the geographic regions of Turkey
A New Species Of The Genus Zodarion Walckenaer, 1826 (Araneae: Zodariidae) From Turkey
(AMER ENTOMOL SOC, 2020) Danisman, Tarik; Cosar, Ilhan
Anew species, Zodarion izmirense sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on material collected in the Izmir Province of Turkey. Differences between the new species and the closely related Zodarion tireboluensis Danisman and Rubio, 2017 are discussed.

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