Hepatitis C virus infection prevalence in lichen planus: examination of lesional and normal skin of hepatitis C virus-infected patients with lichen planus for the presence of hepatitis C virus RNA

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the main cause of parenterally transmitted non-A, non-B viral hepatitis. In recent years, a significant association between lichen planus and chronic HCV infection has been reported. Anti-HCV antibody status was evaluated by ELISA in 54 patients with lichen planus and 54 patients with minor dermatological disorders. PCR was used to examine HCV RNA from serum and lesional and nonlesional cutaneous biopsy samples of HCV-infected patients. Seven patients with lichen planus (12.9%) and two patients in the control group (3.7%) were anti-HCV antibody positive. Five out of seven patients with anti-HCV antibodies had demonstrable HCV RNA in lesional skin biopsies. The viral RNA was absent in three out of four patients with lichen planus whose serum samples were positive for HCV RNA and agreed to biopsy of nonlesional skin. The prevalence of HCV infection is not increased in Turkish patients with lichen planus. However our findings suggest that the virus may play a potential pathogenic role by replicating in cutaneous tissue and triggering lichen planus in genetically susceptible HCV-infected patients.