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  • Küçük Resim
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    Alterations in serum biochemical parameters of patients with lung cancer exposed to radiotherapy
    (Triveni Enterprises, 2010) Çavuşoğlu, Kültigin; Arıca, Şükran Çakır; Kurtman, Cengiz
    In this study, the alterations in serum biochemical parameters of patients with lung cancer exposed to radiotherapy was investigated. For this aim, the levels of serum gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT), as part ate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin (ALB), bilurubin (BLB), copper (Cu), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) were evaluated before and after radiotherapy. Serum enzyme, protein, Na and K levels were determined using an autoanalyzer Serum Cu analysis was made with Atomic Absorbtion Spectrophotometre (AAS). Although we found significant increases in levels of GGT, BLB, Cu and Kin patients, levels of AST, ALT, ALB and Na in patients showed significant decreases. The levels of serum AST and ALT fairly decreased after radiotherapy The level of GGT in patients was significant higher than that in the controls before radiotherapy However, GGT level showed again a distinctly decrease after radiotherapy There was an inverse relationship among serum BLB, Cu and ALB values. Besides, serum Na levels showed significantly decrease in patients at the end of radiotherapy treatment compared to the controls and before radiotherapy and K levels increased significantly following radiotherapy In conclusion, the selected serum parameters are very sensitive and useful biomarkers for the study of the effects of radiotherapy
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    Antioxidant potential of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract against uranium-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in albino mice
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2009) Çavuşoğlu, Kültigin; Yapar, Kürşad; Yalçın, Emine
    Uranium is a highly radioactive heavy metal with isotopes that decay on the geological time scale. Uranium is known to induce chromosomal damages and oxidative stress. In the present study, we investigated the protective role of Ginkgo biloba (GB) leaf extract on uranyl acetate (U-235)-induced toxicity in Swiss albino mice. For this purpose, we performed the chromosome aberration (CA) test and mouse-erythrocyte micronucleus (Mus-EMN) assay in the erythrocyte, bone marrow and exfoliated buccal mucosa cells. Blood malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were also determined. The animals were randomly divided into six groups, each consisting of six animals. They were treated with 5 mg/kg b.wt uranium by oral gavage for 5 days. GB extract (50 and 150 mg/kg b.wt) was administered by oral gavage at 48 h, 24 h, and 15 min before uranium application. As a result, uranium-only treated mice presented higher frequency of CAs, micronuclei (MN) and abnormal metaphases (AM) when compared to the controls. These mice also displayed lower mean mitotic index (MI) than the controls. Moreover, there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in MDA levels, but a significant decrease (P<0.05) in GSH levels, when compared to the controls. Pretreatment of mice with GB significantly decreased the MN frequency in the erythrocyte cells. Similarly, the number of abnormal metaphases (AM) and the frequency of CAs, such as break, acentric, fragment, gap and ring, were fairly decreased and the value of MI was increased. In addition, the frequency of MN in the erythrocytes was greater than those in the exfoliated cells of buccal mucosa. Moreover, GB supplementation caused a dose-dependent amelioration in the oxidative stress. These findings suggested that GB leaf extract has a protective effect against uranium-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in albino mice, due to its antioxidant properties.
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    Cytotoxic effects of lead and mercury ions on root tip cells of Cicer arietinum L
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2009) Çavuşoğlu, Kültigin; Ergene, Aysun; Yalçın, Emine; Tan, Sema; Çavuşoğlu, Kürşat; Yapar, Kürşad
    In the present study, the cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) ions on Cicer arietinum L. root tip cells were investigated. For this aim, we used the aermination percentage, root length, weight gain, mitotic index (MI), the frequency of micronucleus (MN) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) as indicators of cytotoxicity, and correlated these data with statistical parameters. Additionally to the cytogenetic analysis, lipid peroxidation and DNA analyses were performed in root tip meristems of C. arietinum treated with Hg and Pb. The seeds were divided into 5 groups as control, Hg and Pb treatment groups. They were treated with 10 and 50 ppm doses of Hg and Pb during 7 consecutive days. The initial and final weights of all the seeds were measured by sensitive balance to determine the effects of Pb and Hg on the weight gain. As a result, there was a significant alteration in germination percentage, root length, weight gain, MI, MN and CAs frequency depending on treatment dose in the seeds exposed to Hg and Pb when compared with the controls. Heavy metal exposure significantly reduced the germination percentage, root lenght and weight gain in all the treatment groups. But, it caused an increase in the MN and CAs formation. Pb and Hg metals caused various types of CAs at a rate which increased systematically with increased levels of Pb and Hg. It was also found that Pb and Hg metals have a mitodepressive action on mitosis, and the MI was decreased depending on the dose of Pb and Hg applied. Besides, 10 and 50 ppm concentrations of Pb and Hg significantly enhanced the lipid peroxidation and caused an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels at both doses. The investigated parameters (except MDA, MN and CAs frequency) were higher in the seeds exposed to Pb than those treated with Hg. In other words, Hg had much more toxic effect on plant tissues than Pb. Moreover, it was observed that the yields of DNA in the seeds treated with Pb and Hg were lower than in the controls. Hence, DNA yields exposed to Pb and Hg were run ahead on agarose gel according to the control group. The results clearly indicate that Hg and Pb have important cytotoxic effects on the root tip cells, and C arietinum seeds are very sensitive and useful as biomarker for monitoring of these effects.
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    Protective effect of kombucha mushroom (KM) tea on chromosomal aberrations induced by gamma radiation in human peripheral lymphocytes in-vitro
    (Triveni Enterprises, 2010) Çavuşoğlu, Kültigin; Güler, Perihan
    The aim of this study was to investigate the potential radioprotective effect of kombucha musroom tea (KM-tea) on gamma radiation (gamma)-induced chromosomal aberrations (CAs) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. For this purpose, we used in vitro dose-effect relationship, and correlated these data with statistical parameters. CAs were classified into six major types as break, dicentric, acentric, fragment, gap and ring. Mitotic index (MI) and the numbers of aberrant metaphases (AMN) were also calculated for each donor Six groups of the lymphocytes were prepared by in vitro culture according to the standard protocol. Group I (control) did not receive any gamma-radiation or KM-tea, Group II (positive control) was treated with 1000 mu l dose of KM-tea alone, Group III was treated with 5 Gy dose of gamma-radiation alone, Group IV was treated with 250 mu l dose of KM-tea before irradiation, Group V was treated with 500 mu l KM-tea before irradiation, Group VI was treated with 1000 mu l KM-tea before irradiation. The results indicated that all KM-tea supplemented lymphocytes had lower frequency of CAs than in the group treated with gamma-radiation alone (p<0.05). It was seen that KM-tea had a protective effect againist CAs particularly at 500 and 1000 mu l doses. Besides, MI values increased and AMN decreased after application of KM-tea in a dose/dependent manner In vitro results showed that KM-tea supplementation may decrease the frequency of CAs and its radioprotective action against ionizing radiation is dose-dependent.