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Öğe Body Mass Index and Different Body Measurements of Turkish Angora and Van Cats in Two Different Locations(Medwell Online, 2010) Erat, Serkan; Arikan, SevketThe aims of the present study were to compare the body mass index and some other body measurements of the Turkish Angora (n = 20) and Van (n = 16) cats in two different locations (Ankara Zoo = AOC and the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kirikkale University = KKU) and also to determine the prevalence of overweight or obesity in this feline population. The effects of gender, age, location and eye colors were also investigated on the traits measured. The age of the cats ranged from 1-8 years old. Analyzed traits included Body Mass Index (BMI), live Body Weight (BW), Wither Height (WH), Body Length (BL), Head Circumference (HC), Body Condition Score (BCS). None of the cats in this study were found overweight or obese. The BMI of Turkish Van cats was greater than the BMI of Turkish Angora cats. The BW of Turkish Van cats tended to heavier than the Turkish Angora cats but the difference was not significant. The WH, BL and the HC values for both cats were similar. The BCS of Turkish Van cats was significantly greater than the BCS of Turkish Angora cats in KKU. Significant phenotypic correlations were found between the BW and the WH and the BL and the HC and the BMI and the BCS; between the WH and the BL and the HC; between the BL and the HC and the BCS; between the HC and the BCS; between the BMI and the BCS. The present study more clearly defines some body traits of the Turkish cats and may help to understand these invaluable cats better.Öğe Clinical aspects of blood transfusion in cats(Ankara Univ Press, 2009) Arikan, Sevket; Gurkan, MehmetThe safe use of transfusion therapy requires proper knowledge on blood groups, blood typing, donor selection, blood collection, transfusion protocols and adverse transfusion reactions. Type B cats have high titres of naturally occurring anti-A isoagglutinins and type A cats have generally low titred anti-B isoagglutinins in their plasma. The severity of incompatibility reactions in blood transfusion is proportional to the alloantibody titres of the recipient blood. Transfusion of type B blood to type A cats may develop a mild transfusion reactions. In contrast, administration of type A blood to type B cats can cause potentially fatal acute hemolytic transfusion reactions. Adverse transfusion reactions can be avoided by typing donor and recipient cats before transfusion and by administering only matched blood. Due to improvement in feline blood typing, collecting and administration procedures, there has been a notable increase in the blood transfusion therapy in these animals. Present paper reviews current understanding of the pactical aspects of transfusion therapy in cats.Öğe Comparing levels of certain heavy metals and minerals and antioxidative metabolism in cows raised near and away from highways(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2015) Ekici, Husamettin; Simsek, Ozkan; Arikan, Sevket; Eren, Meryem; Guner, BayramThe scope of this study was to investigate the concentrations of certain heavy metals, mineral levels, and antioxidative metabolism in cows raised near (300 m) and away from highways (2.5 km) in Cankiri Province. For this purpose, blood samples were collected from 100 cows (aged 3-5 years) raised near and away from highways in this province. Concentrations of certain heavy metals and minerals in the serum were analyzed on an ICP-MS device. Additionally, lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) in the plasma and antioxidative defense system indicators, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, were measured with a spectrophotometer. As a result, levels of certain heavy metals and minerals and antioxidative status were determined in cows raised near and away from highways. Aluminum, iron, nickel, and zinc levels in the cows raised near highways were significantly different from those of the cows raised away from highways. Furthermore, MDA concentrations and SOD activities were significantly different between the two groups. It is concluded that monitoring the concentration of these heavy metals periodically may be useful to increase the productivity of cows.Öğe Comparison of prenatal development of Turkish Angora and Van cats(Univ Zagreb Vet Faculty, 2011) Macun, Hasan C.; Erat, Serkan; Arikan, SevketThe objectives of the present study were to gather data on the prenatal development of Turkish cats (the Angora and Van cats) and examine the effects of the breed on prenatal development. Three Angora and four Van cats, ranging in age from 3 to 4 years, were used in the present study. Depending on the stage of pregnancy, the gestational sac diameter (GSD), the fetal heart diameter (FHRTD), the fetal abdominal diameter (FAD), the fetal head diameter (FHD), the fetal gastric diameter (FGD), the fetal width of fore (FWFP) and rear footpads (FWRP) were measured by freezing the images of the fetus or fetal structure on the screen. The mean FHRTD value of the Angora cats was significantly (P = 0.033) greater than the corresponding value of the Van cats during the third week of gestation. The Van cats had significantly (P = 0.008) greater mean value of FHD than did the Angora cats during the fifth week of the gestation. There were no significant breed differences between the other fetal measurements. As a result, the prenatal development of the Angora and Van cats were found to be similar. The findings of the present study may also be used as an aid to estimate the gestational age of domestic cats.Öğe Determination of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity in peripheral blood leukocytes of pregnant, adult, and kitten Angora cats(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2015) Bayraktaroglu, Alev Gurol; Simsek, Ozkan; Kurum, Aytul; Arikan, Sevket; Ergun, EmelThis study aimed to determine the alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity of peripheral blood leukocytes in pregnant, kitten, and adult Angora cats. In each group 9 healthy pregnant, adult, and kitten Angora cats constituted the material of the study. Optimum reaction was achieved after a 3 h incubation period at pH 5.8, by ANAE staining. Two types of reaction were observed in ANAE (+) T lymphocytes. The first reaction was a dot-like positivity pattern characterized by the presence of large granules, while the other was a granular positivity pattern characterized by the presence of 3 to 5 small granules. B lymphocytes reacted negatively in ANAE staining. The rate of ANAE (+) lymphocytes in pregnant, kitten, and adult Angora cats was 62.89 +/- 1.29%, 68.37 +/- 1.22%, and 77.71 +/- 1.63%, respectively. In conclusion, the lowest rate of ANAE-positive lymphocytes was detected in the pregnant cats, depending on the maternal immune tolerance supported by hormonal mechanisms. An increased rate of ANAE-positive lymphocytes was detected in the kittens, and the highest rate was measured in the adults, in parallel with the development of the immune system.Öğe The effect of oleic and linoleic acids on in vitro bovine embryonic development and embryo quality(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2015) Karasahin, Tahir; Arikan, SevketThe present study was aimed at the investigation of the effects of oleic and linoleic acid on the in vitro development of Anatolian native black crossbred bovine embryos. Following the in vitro maturation and fertilization of oocytes, embryonic development stages were monitored using embryo culture medium supplemented with three different doses of oleic and linoleic acid (10, 100, and 1000 mu M). Examination of the culture media 48 h after fertilization demonstrated that linoleic acid had no effect on embryo cleavage rates, while oleic acid produced a significant increase in cleavage rates (P < 0.01). It was determined that the highest dose of linoleic acid (1000 mu M) and all three doses of oleic acid significantly increased the proportion of cultured oocytes developing to the morulablastocyst stage (P < 0.001). As a result, while oleic acid significantly increased (P < 0.001) the proportion of embryos developing to the morula-blastocyst stage, linoleic acid had limited effects on embryonic development and quality. Thus, it was concluded that the supplementation of Anatolian native black crossbred bovine embryo cultures with oleic acid may induce positive effects on embryonic development and quality.Öğe Effect of ovarian activity on orthodontic tooth movement and gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-1 beta and prostaglandin E-2 in cats(E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc, 2013) Celebi, Ahmet Arif; Demirer, Serhat; Catalbas, Bulent; Arikan, SevketObjective: To evaluate whether there is any correlation between ovarian activity and two potent bone-resorbing mediators (prostaglandin E-2 [PGE(2)], interleukin-1 beta [IL-1 beta]) secreted from the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during orthodontic tooth movement. Materials and Methods: Eighteen female cats were included in this study. Animals were randomly divided into three groups (estrous, anestrous, and ovariectomized groups), each having six queens. Estrous was induced by administration of 150 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) to queens of the estrous group. A closed-coil spring, applied with 80 g of tipping force to the canine, was attached between the maxillary canine and mini-implant. GCF was collected on days 0, 6, and 12 from each cat to examine PGE(2) and IL-1 beta during orthodontic tooth movement in cats. The PGE(2) and IL-1 beta levels were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: There was no significant difference (P > .05) between anestrous and the ovariectomized groups in terms of tooth movement on days 6 and 12 of distalization. In contrast, tooth movement in the estrous group was lower (P < .05) than in the remaining two groups (anestrous and ovariectomized). The mean PGE(2) and IL-1 beta levels of the canine teeth of the estrous groups were significantly lower than the remaining two groups on days 6 and 12 (P < .05) of coil spring applications. Conclusions: These results indicate that ovarian activity can affect orthodontic tooth movement and GCF levels of IL-1 beta and PGE(2) in cats. (Angle Orthod. 2013;83:70-75.)Öğe Effect of the Incubation Time and High Dose Lead Application on Steroidogenic Luteal Cell Numbers(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Bilmen, Fatih Sultan; Kabakci, Ruhi; Arikan, Sevket; Simsek, Ozkan…Öğe Effects Of Acetamiprid, Methomyl, And Deltamethrin On Steroidogenesis In Cultured Bovine Luteal Cells(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Arikan, Sevket; Simsek, Ozkan; Kalender, Hakan; Essiz, Dinc; Atmaca, Nurgul; Kabakci, Ruhi; Bilmen, Fatih SultanAcetamiprid, methomyl, and deltamethrinare widely used insecticides in agriculture and industry; thus, livestock may receive substantial exposure to such substances. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of these agents on bovine luteal cell steroidogenesis.Cells were incubated with acetamiprid (0.1 mM, 1 mM, or 10 mM), methomyl (0.1 mM, 1 mM, or 10 mM), or deltamethrin (0.01 mM, 0.1 mM, or 1 mM) for 5 days. Incubation with 1 mMacetamiprid resulted in significantly reducedpro-gesterone production by day 5. Incubation with 1 mM methomyl had no effect on progesterone pro-ductionby day 3 but did result in significant inhibi-tionby day 5. Incubation in 0.1 mM and 1 mMdelta-methrin resulted in significant reduction on both days 3 and 5. All three insecticides diminish luteal progesterone synthesis, with rank order methomylÖğe Effects of cadmium, lead and mercury on progesterone synthesis in cultured bovine luteal cells(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Bilmen, Fatih Sultan; Arikan, Sevket…Öğe Effects of cholesterol and cAMP on progesterone production in cultured luteal cells isolated from pseudopregnant cat ovaries(Elsevier Science Bv, 2009) Arikan, Sevket; Yigit, Ayse ArzuThe present study was designed to incubate luteal cells isolated from pseudopregnant cats and to investigate the effects of cholesterol and cAMP on luteal progesterone production. Corpora lutea were collected from the cats on days 10 and 15 of pseudopregnancy. Luteal cells were isolated from the ovaries by collagenase digestion. Steroidogenic luteal cells were stained for 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD) activity. Cells (2 x 10(4)) staining positive for 3 beta-HSD were cultured for up to 7 days. The cells were treated with 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol (22R-HC) and dibutyryl cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) on days 1, 3 and 7. Treatment of cells with 22R-HC resulted in a dose-dependent increase (p < 0.001) in progesterone production. When 22R-HC was used at a concentration of 10 mu g/ml, it resulted in 2.7- and 5.1-fold increases in progesterone production on days 3 and 5, respectively. When the dose was doubled (20 mu g/ml), treated cells produced four times more progesterone on days 3 and 7, and three times more on day 5. By day 7, progesterone production increased up to 9.1 times more than the control. Incubation of cells with both concentrations of dbcAMP (0.1 mM and 1 mM) resulted in significant stimulations of progesterone on days 5 and 7 (p < 0.001). However, on day 3, only higher doses of dbcAMP (1 mM) resulted in significant stimulation (p < 0.05). Progesterone production was increased up to 2- and 2.9-fold of the control when cells were treated with lower concentration of dbcAMP (0.1 mM) on days 5 and 7. respectively. Incubation of cells with 1 mM concentrations of dbcAMP induced a 3.2-fold increase on day 5 and a 5-fold increase on day 7. In conclusion, a successful incubation was performed for long-life culturing of luteal cells collected from pseudopregnant cats. The method works well and allows for optimal growth and development of cells in the culture. The present study also demonstrated that incubating cat luteal cells with 22R-HC and dbcAMP induces a significant increase in luteal progesterone synthesis. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe The effects of LH on progesterone production by cell subpopulations isolated from early and late luteal phase goat corpora lutea(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2014) Kalender, Hakan; Arikan, Sevket; Simsek, OzkanThe objective of this study was to investigate the complementary effects of luteinizing hormone (LH) on cell subpopulations. Corpora lutea were collected on days 5 and 15 of the cycle. The luteal tissues were treated with collagenase for cell dissociation. Percoll density-gradient centrifugation was performed to separate cells into 2 distinct subpopulations. Luteal cells (5 x 104 cells/well) were cultured with and without 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol (22R-HC, 10 mu g/mL) and LH (10 and 100 ng/mL) alone, and also with 22R-HC (10 mu g/mL) plus LH (10 and 100 ng/mL), in a serum-free culture medium for 6 days of incubation. Untreated cells isolated from luteal tissue collected on day 15 of the estrous cycle produced more steroids than those collected on day 5. Treatment of the cells with LH resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) increase in steroid synthesis on both days 5 and 15 of the cycle. Throughout the 7 days of incubation, 22R-HC caused a significant increase in progesterone production compared to untreated controls and to the LH treatments (P < 0.01). As a result, it appears that LH is mainly effective on small luteal cells in both the early and late luteal stages in goats.Öğe The Effects of Low Doses of FSH and Season on the in Vitro Maturation of Bovine Oocytes(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Karasahin, Tahir; Arikan, Sevket…Öğe Effects of mancozeb, metalaxyl and tebuconazole on steroid production by bovine luteal cells in vitro(Elsevier Science Bv, 2018) Atmaca, Nurgul; Arikan, Sevket; Essiz, Dinc; Kalender, Hakan; Simsek, Ozkan; Bilmen, Fatih Sultan; Kabakci, RuhiMancozeb, metalaxyl and tebucanazole are widely used pesticides in agriculture and industry to treat plant pathogenic fungi. Livestock may be exposed to such substances by consuming contaminated plants. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of these three fungicides on bovine luteal cell steroidogenesis. Luteal slices from mid-cycle corpus luteum were dissociated into single cell suspension in aerated (02) culture media (DMEM/F12) by enzymatic digestion. The cells were incubated in newborn calf serum (10%) for 18 h and then with serum-free media containing mancozeb (0.01 mu M, 0.1 mu M, 1 mu M), tebuconazole (1 mu M, 10 mu M, 100 mu M) or metalaxyl (100 mu M, 500 mu M, 2500 mu M) for additional 96 h. The medium was replaced on day 1 and 3; and the retrieved medium was stored at - 20 degrees C until progesterone assay. Treatment of cells with three different fungicides induced dose dependent variable decrease in steroid synthesis during incubation periods. Incubation of cells with 1 pM mancozeb exhibited a 33% decline in steroid synthesis on day 3 and 48% decline on day 5 compared with controls. Treatment of cells with 100 M tebuconazole and 500 mu M metalaxyl resulted in a 65% and 31% decrease, respectively, in progesterone accumulation on day 5 of incubation. Fungicide induced suppressive effects on luteal steroidogenesis were as metalaxyl < tebuconazole < mancozeb. Results of the present study suggest that designated concentrations of all three fungicides studied might have varying degrees of adverse effects on luteal steroidogenesis.Öğe Effects of selected fungicides on steroid synthesis by bovine luteal cells(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Atmaca, Nurgul; Arikan, Sevket; Essiz, Dinc; Kalender, Hakan; Simsek, Ozkan; Bilmen, Fatih Sultan; Kabakci, Ruhi…Öğe Evaluation of the Pre-Hemolytic Concentrations of β-, Methyl-β- and Dimethyl-β-Cyclodextrin on Dog and Goat Erythrocytes(Medwell Online, 2008) Yigit, Ayse Arzu; Arikan, Sevketbeta-Cyclodextrin (beta-CD) is a cage-like molecule consisting of seven glucose units and have appropriate size to form inclusion complexes with many hormones, vitamins and drugs. Due to having very poor aqueous solubility, beta-cyclodextrin is modified chemically for various applications. Experiments were conducted to examine effects of pre-hemolytic concentration of beta-cyclodextrin and its modified derivatives, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (M beta-CD) and dimethyl-beta-cyclodextrin (DM beta-CD), on the osmotic fragility of dog and goat erythrocytes. Blood samples collected from healthy 10 dogs and 10 goats were analyzed within 5 h of collection. Erythrocyte suspensions were mixed with various concentrations of beta-CD, M beta-CD and DM beta-CD. The mixtures were then incubated for 30 min at 37 degrees C and osmotic fragility of erythrocytes was measured. Incubation of all 3 Cyclo Dextrins (CDs) with erythrocyte suspensions of both species, dog and goat, induced a dose dependent increase in the erythrocyte osmotic fragility (p<0.01). The hemolytic effect was decreased in order DM beta-CD>M beta-CD>beta-CD. Hemolytic doses of these CDs were lower for goat erythrocytes than those of the dog erythrocytes. When beta-CD and its methylated derivatives are even used in pre-hemolytic concentrations, they might also reduce life span of erythrocytes. Due to importance of scientific knowledge on the cellular activity of cyclodextrins and growing number of its potential applications on diagnosis food preparations, our results may help to deal with the hemolytic activity of CDs for in vivo studies.Öğe The hair characteristics of Turkish Angora and Van cats(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2012) Erat, Serkan; Arikan, SevketThe primary aim of this study was to determine the hair characteristics of Turkish Angora and Van cats, and also to see if there were seasonal, sex, age, or eye color effects on the traits measured. A total of 41 cats, 26 Turkish Angora and 15 Turkish Van, were used. The ages of the cats ranged from 1 to 8 years old. Analyzed traits included fiber diameter (FD), fiber lengths of hauteur (H) and barbe (B), fiber tenacity (T), and elongation (EL). Terms included in the statistical models were breed, season, sex, age, and eye colors of the cats and 2-way interactions that had P-values of less than 0.2 among the main effects. The difference in the FD of the Turkish Angora (23.5 mu m) and Van (25.6 mu m) cats was not significant (P = 0.0579). The H (27.5 versus 20.1 mm), B (33.1 versus 23.4 mm), and EL (33.8% versus 24.0%) values were all greater (P < 0.0001) for the Turkish Angora cats, while only the T value (12.1 versus 7.6 g/den) was greater (P = 0.0001) for the Turkish Van cats. Significant phenotypic correlations were found between FD and T (0.36, P = 0.0191), between H and B (0.98, P < 0.0001), between H and T (-0.58, P < 0.0001), between H and EL (0.31, P = 0.0480), between B and T (-0.56, P = 0.0001), and between B and EL (0.34, P = 0.0315). The present study defines the hair characteristics of the Turkish Angora and Van cats. These results may help to understand the phenotypes of these cats better and could also be a source for further studies.Öğe Heavy metal accumulation and oxidative-antioxidative status in Angora goats depending on age(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2015) Simsek, Ozkan; Ekici, Husamettin; Cinar, Miyase; Atmaca, Nurgul; Arikan, Sevket; Guner, BayramThis study intends to designate the alterations in the oxidant-antioxidant parameters and the heavy metal concentrations based on age of Angora goats bred in Cankiri-province of Turkey. In order to conduct an analysis of serum heavy metals including aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), tin (Sn), cadmium (Cd), selenium (Se), vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), a total of 120 blood samples were taken. Concentrations of plasma vitamin E, vitamin A and beta-carotene, concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were evaluated in the erythrocytes. Correspondingly, compared to young goats, the adult goats had substantially higher levels of Al, V, Mn, Ni, As and Sn. With respect to the young goats, the vitamin E concentration and SOD activity measured in adult goats were lower and the MDA concentration was considerably higher. Consequently, it was seen that aging affected the oxidant-antioxidant parameters and heavy metal concentrations in Angora goats.Öğe In vitro Effects of Linuron on Luteal Progesterone Synthesis(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Bilmen, Fatih Sultan; Arikan, Sevket; Simsek, Ozkan; Atmaca, Nurgul; Kalender, Hakan; Essiz, Dinc; Kabakci, Ruhi…Öğe Reference values for selected hematological and biochemical blood parameters from prepregnancy to advanced gestation in Angora cats(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2015) Simsek, Ozkan; Arikan, Sevket; Cinar, MiyaseThe aim of this study was to monitor some hematological and biochemical blood parameters from prepregnancy to advanced gestation in Angora cats. In the present study, 35 blood samples obtained before and during pregnancy from 7 adult cats were used. Blood was collected from cats before pregnancy and on days 15, 30, 45, and 55 of gestation. The blood samples were analyzed in terms of WBC, RBC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, GRA, MON, and LYM values. Additionally, serum ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, LDH, and CK activities and total cholesterol, glucose, triglyceride, urea, Ca, Mg, and Pi levels were measured. Levels of leukocytes, MCHC, MCH, and MCV were lower, and RBC, PCV, and Hb levels were higher before pregnancy than on day 55 of gestation. Monocyte and glucose levels were higher before gestation than during pregnancy. Total cholesterol levels were lower before gestation than during gestation. Triglyceride and Mg levels with LDH activity were higher in the late stages of pregnancy than before gestation. In conclusion, in this study changes in selected hematological and biochemical blood parameters have been determined before and during pregnancy in Angora cats for the first time. The data presented in this research may be a useful reference for veterinarians practicing in clinics.
