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Öğe Cerrahi sütür uygulamaları için poli(hegzametilen biguanid) immobilize edilmiş emilmeyen ve antimikrobiyal PET fiber: sentez, karakterizasyon ve in vitro sitouyumluluk değerlendirmesi(Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, 2024) Bozkaya, Ogün; Günay, Kübra; Bozkaya, Esra; Arslan, MetinCerrahi sütürler, cerrahi müdahalelerden sonra yaraları kapatmak amacıyla yaygın olarak kullanılan tıbbi cihazlardır. Cerrahi prosedürler sırasında, sütürler çevredeki mikroorganizmalarla temas ederek bakteriyel biyofilmlerin gelişmesine ve ardından cerrahi alan enfeksiyonlarına (CAE) yol açabilir. Bu nedenle bakteri tutunmasını ve kolonizasyonunu engelleyen sütürlerin kullanılması yara iyileşmesinde oldukça önemlidir. CAE oluşumunu en aza indirmek için triklosan ve klorheksidin gibi antiseptiklerle kaplı antimikrobiyal sütürler kullanılmıştır. Ancak çeşitli antiseptiklere ve antibiyotiklere dirençli bakteri suşlarının ortaya çıkması nedeniyle alternatif antimikrobiyal sütürlerin geliştirilmesine yönelik yeni yaklaşımlar gereklidir. Antimikrobiyal ajanlar arasında, poliheksanid (poliheksametilen biguanid, PHMB) geniş spektrumlu antibakteriyel ve antifungal aktiviteye sahip, düşük toksisiteli ve biyouyumlu katyonik bir antiseptiktir. Bu çalışmada cerrahi dikiş ipliği olarak kullanılmak üzere PHMB immobilize edilmiş polietilen tereftalat (PET) liflerin sentezlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sentezlenen modifiye PET lifler SEM, FTIR, DSC ve TGA ile karakterize edilmiştir. Bunlara ek olarak modifier PET liflerin ıslanabirliği ve in vitro degradasyon profili araştırılmıştır. Antimikrobiyal etkinlik testleri için S. aureus ve E. coli bakteri suşları kullanılmıştır. Materyallerin in vitro hücre-uyumluluğu (sitotoksisitesi) TS EN ISO 10993-5 standardına göre MTT testi ile değerlendirilmiştir.Öğe Evaluation of Burn Wound Healing Efficacy and Biocompatibility of Centella asiatica Mediated Synthesised AgNPs Loaded Hybrid Nanofiber Scaffold: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2024) Bozkaya, Ogun; Bozkaya, Esra; Ekici, Husamettin; Alcigir, Mehmet Eray; Sahin, Yasar; Cerci, Nebahat Aytuna; Karahan, SiyamiThe aim of this study is to evaluate the cell responses, potential skin reactions during the treatment process and burn wound healing efficacy of electrospun polycaprolactone/polyethylene oxide (PCL/PEO) nanofibers (NFs) containing Centella asiatica mediated synthesized silver nanoparticles (CA-AgNPs) by in vitro and in vivo studies. Apoptosis-necrosis, genotoxicity, hemolysis, and cell attachment studies are carried out within the scope of in vitro tests, and irritation, sensitivity, and burn wound studies are carried out within the scope of in vivo tests. The apoptotic index value of CA-AgNPs-[PCL/PEO] NFs material on L929 fibroblast cells is determined as 5.0 +/- 1.0% at the highest concentration and the necrotic index value is 5.0 +/- 0.3%. Micronucleus rates (%) of NFs treated with CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary) cells are not at genotoxic level. The hemolytic index value of NFs dressing is determined as 0.23 +/- 0.03%, The primary irritation index (PII) value of NFs wound dressing is calculated as 0.36 by irritation tests. In addition, the potential sensitization reaction of NFs extract on guinea pigs is evaluated and the sensitization score is determined as 0.9. The healing efficacy of NFs material on second-degree burn wounds compared to a commercial product is supported by pathomorphological findings.Öğe Investigation of immunomodulatory and cytotoxic effects of shed snake skin (Elaphe sauromates) extract(Frontiers Media Sa, 2024) Sinmez, Cagri Caglar; Tufekci, Emre; Demir, Busra Seniz; Eken, Ahmet; Gunes, Vehbi; Ekici, Seda; Bozkaya, EsraIntroduction: Shed snake skin (SSS) is commonly used empirically in ethnomedicine to treat psoriasis, acne, warts, eczema, scabies, open wounds, hemorrhoids, and glaucoma. Although a few studies exist, SSS extracts' in vitro immunological effects have yet to be well described. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of SSS extract on murine lymphocytes and T cells. Methods: Hexane, methanol, and chloroform extractions were conducted in collected SSS samples. Protein concentrations in the SSS extract were measured. The cytotoxic and anticancer activities were measured using L929 Fibroblast and SK MEL 30 Cell Lines via MTT assay as described in TS EN ISO 10993-5. Immunomodulatory activities of SSS extract on total lymphocytes or enriched CD4(+) T cell cultures, their cell-specific pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1 beta. IL-12p40, IL-23p19, TNF-alpha, IL-17A, IFN-gamma, IL-10, TGF beta 1) levels were measured via FACS ARIA III analysis and related gene expression with Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (Rt-qPCR). Results: Hexane, methanol, and chloroform-extracted SSS were tested on SK-MEL-30 cells via MTT and revealed a superior anti-proliferative effect for hexane extract of SSS at low concentrations. SSS treatment of murine lymphocytes augmented Tnf-alpha and IFN-gamma levels produced by CD3(+) T cells when lymphocytes were activated with anti-CD3/CD28 or LPS stimulation. This effect required the presence of non-T cells, possibly antigen-presenting cells, and was not observed on purified CD4(+) T cells. Additionally, SSS significantly blocked suppressive cytokine Tgfb gene expression (but not Il10) without altering in vitro Treg generation/or expansion. Discussion: This is the first in vitro study investigating SSS's anti-tumor and immunomodulatory effects. Our data provide evidence for SSS's anti-proliferative activity on SK-MEL-30 cells and its pro-inflammatory role on murine lymphocytes, which warrants further investigation of the potential use of SSS extract with in vivo disease models.Öğe Investigation of the biocompatibility and in vivo wound healing effect of Cotinus coggygria extracts(Ankara Univ, 2024) Bozkaya, Esra; Türk, Mustafa; Ekici, Hüsamettin; Karahan, SiyamiCotinus coggygria is widely recognized its antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihemorrhagic, and wound-healing properties. In this, aimed to evaluate the phenolic contents, cytotoxicity/proliferation, hemolytic, antimicrobial, genotoxic, apoptotic, necrotic activities, and in vivo wound healing effects of C. coggygria, , a plant species known to have beneficial effects on wound healing. TOF-LC/MS analyzes revealed that the methanol extract of C. coggygria leaves contained flavonoids and phenolic compounds such as gallic acid (18.5 mg/kg), catechin (4.6 mg/kg), protocatesic acid (0.6 mg/kg), vanillic acid (8.4 mg/kg), ellagic acid (0.1 mg/kg), rosmarinic acid (0.1 mg/kg), quercetin (15 ppb) and C. coggygria stems contained such as gallic acid (24.6 mg/kg), catechin (155.1 mg/kg), chlorogenic acid (1.9 mg/kg), 4hydroxybenzoic acid (383.3 mg/kg), rutin (2.5 mg/kg), ellagic acid (15.1 mg/kg), apigenin 7-glycoside (10.5 mg/kg), rosmarinic acid (0,4 mg/kg), quercetin (15.2 mg/kg), naringenin (279.1 mg/kg). Consequently, C. coggyria has a positive effect on wound healing with antibacterial properties, particularly against E. coli, and without cytotoxic, genotoxic, or hemolytic effects at test concentrations. In the in vivo burn model, wounds treated with leaf and stem extracts healed faster than the control group. Thus, C. coggygria is an effective plant for wound healing with antibacterial properties, particularly against E. coli, and without cytotoxic, genotoxic, and hemolytic effects.Öğe Investigation of the biological activity and toxicity of bioactive silver nanoparticles synthesized via Vitex agnus-castus seed extract on honey bees(Springer, 2024) Ekici, Seda; Bozkaya, Ogun; Sevin, Sedat; Erdem, Babur; Arslan, Okan Can; Cinar, Ozge Ozgenc; Bozkaya, EsraIn this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coated with bioactive molecules were synthesized via Vitex agnus-castus L. (VAC) seed extract (VAC/AgNPs). The synthesized VAC/AgNPs were characterized by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) ultraviolet-visible region spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The hydrodynamic size and surface charge analysis of the particles were measured with a Zeta sizer. The results of UV-Vis and Zeta analysis revealed that AgNPs were synthesized, the size distribution was nanoscale, and the solution was stable. The effects of the synthesized VAC/AgNPs and aqueous extract of VAC seeds on honeybees were investigated by means of lifespan test and histopathological analysis. It was determined that both VAC seed extract and VAC/AgNPs were non-toxic to honeybees at certain doses, positively affected their life span and contributed to their longevity in the life span test. Furthermore, no adverse effects were detected in terms of intestinal health in histopathological examinations. Therefore, VAC/AgNPs are considered to be a promising bioactive agent for honeybees.Öğe Poly(hexamethylene biguanide) immobilized non-absorbable and antimicrobial PET fiber for surgical suture applications: synthesis, characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility assessment(2024) Bozkaya, Ogün; Günay, Kübra; Bozkaya, Esra; Arslan, MetinSurgical sutures are medical devices commonly used to close wounds. However, surgical site infections (SSI) are highly likely to occur around the suture after surgery. In this study, we aimed to synthesize a multi-filament polyethylene terephthalate (PET) based non-absorbable antimicrobial suture to prevent possible CAI. PET fiber was grafted with methacrylic acid (MAA-g-PET) to give it a functional group. MAA-g-PET fibers were immobilized with poly(hexamethylene) biguanide (PHMB), a cationic antiseptic with broad spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activity (PHMB/MAA-g-PET). The synthesis of PHMB/MAA-g-PET fibers was confirmed by SEM, FTIR, DSC and TGA characterizations. The antimicrobial activity of PHMB/MAA-g-PET fiber was investigated against S. aureus and E. coli species and proved to be >99% effective against both species. MTT cytotoxicity assay revealed that PHMB/MAA-g-PET fiber was cytocompatible for L929 fibroblast cells. In addition, in vitro degradation studies showed that the degradation profile of PHMB/MAA-g-PET was not much different from the original PET and retained its non-absorbable property.Öğe Vitex Agnus-Castus L. Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization and Assessment of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2023) Ekici, Seda; Bozkaya, Esra; Bozkaya, Ogun; Cerci, Nebahat Aytuna; Aluc, Yasar; Ekici, HusamettinThis study was aimed to synthesise antimicrobial and therapeutic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by green synthesis method using Vitex agnus-castus L. (VAC) seed extract. The synthesised VAC seed extract coated AgNPs were characterised by UV-Vis spectrometry, Zeta analysis and FT-IR spectrometry. The antifungal, antimicrobial, cytotoxicity by MTT assay, and anticarcinogenic activities on HeLa cells line were investigated. VACAgNPs exhibited high antimicrobial activity against S. aureus with a zone diameter of 11.3 +/- 0.6 mm. In addition, the cytotoxicity of VAC-AgNPs was evaluated using the L929 fibroblast cell line and the HeLa cells line, with AgNPs applied at six different concentrations. At a concentration of 5.0 mM, viability was found to be 47.6%+/- 4.2% in L929 fibroblast cells and 39.6%+/- 7.9% in HeLa cells, suggesting a potential antiproliferative effect of VAC-AgNPs on HeLa cancer cells. The IC50 values of VAC-AgNPs against the HeLa cell line were calculated as 2.94 mu g/ml.
