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Öğe Cranial bone regeneration via BMP-2 encoding mesenchymal stem cells(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Vural, Altugan Cahit; Odabas, Sedat; Korkusuz, Petek; Saglam, Atiye Seda Yar; Bilgic, Elif; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Vargel, IbrahimCranial bone repair and regeneration via tissue engineering principles has attracted a great deal of interest from researchers during last decade. Here, within this study, 6mm critical-sized bone defect regeneration via genetically modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were monitored up to 4 months. Cranial bone repair and new bone formations were evaluated by histological staining and real time PCR analysis in five different groups including autograft and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) transfected MSC groups. Results presented here indicate a proper cranial regeneration in autograft groups and a prospering regeneration for hBMP-2 encoding mesenchymal stem cells.Öğe Differential expression patterns of metastasis suppressor proteins in basal cell carcinoma(Wiley, 2015) Bozdogan, Onder; Yulug, Isik G.; Vargel, Ibrahim; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Karabulut, Ayse A.; Karahan, Gurbet; Sayar, NiluferBackgroundBasal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are common malignant skin tumors. Despite having a significant invasion capacity, they metastasize only rarely. Our aim in this study was to detect the expression patterns of the NM23-H1, NDRG1, E-cadherin, RHOGDI2, CD82/KAI1, MKK4, and AKAP12 metastasis suppressor proteins in BCCs. MethodsA total of 96 BCC and 10 normal skin samples were included for the immunohistochemical study. Eleven frozen BCC samples were also studied by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to detect the gene expression profile. ResultsNM23-H1 was strongly and diffusely expressed in all types of BCC. Significant cytoplasmic expression of NDRG1 and E-cadherin was also detected. However, AKAP12 and CD82/KAI1 expression was significantly decreased. The expressions of the other proteins were somewhere between the two extremes. Similarly, qRT-PCR analysis showed down-regulation of AKAP12 and up-regulation of NM23-H1 and NDRG1 in BCC. Morphologically aggressive BCCs showed significantly higher cytoplasmic NDRG1 expression scores and lower CD82/KAI1 scores than non-aggressive BCCs. ConclusionThe relatively preserved levels of NM23-H1, NDRG1, and E-cadherin proteins may have a positive effect on the non-metastasizing features of these tumors.Öğe The effect of low-dose methotrexate on autologous fat graft survival(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2016) Sari, Elif; Bakar, Bulent; Sarkarati, Bahram; Bozdogan, Onder; Cavusoglu, TarikBackground/aim: The survival of autologous fat graft tissue is dependent on various factors such as vascularization and inflammation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible beneficial effects of low-dose methotrexate (LD-MTX) on fat graft volume and survival. Materials and methods: A total of 13 male Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups, a control group and an LD-MTX group. An autologous fat graft obtained from the inguinal region of each rat was transferred to its back. LD-MTX was administered intraperitoneally in the LD-MTX group once a week for 4 weeks after the surgical procedure. The control group underwent surgery but was not administered MTX. Fat grafts were harvested for analyses. Results: The results showed that 2 months postoperatively the fat graft weights of the control and LD-MTX groups were not significantly different. In addition, the vascularity of the grafts was higher in the LD-MTX group than it was in the control group. The mean lipid peroxidation levels were essentially the same in the two groups, but myeloperoxidation was significantly lower in the LD-MTX group than it was in the other group. Conclusion: The results showed that LD-MTX administration may not preserve the quality and volume of transplanted fat tissue in rats.Öğe Effectiveness of Dimethylsulfoxide on the Survival and Volume Preservation of Autologous Fat Graft Tissue: A Preliminary Study(Oxford Univ Press Inc, 2016) Sari, Elif; Bakar, Bulent; Sarkarati, Bahram; Bozdogan, Onder; Cavusoglu, TarikBackground: The survival of autologous fat graft tissue is dependent on various factors, such as vascularization and inflammation. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the possible beneficial effects of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on fat graft volume and survival. Methods: Eighteen male Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into three groups. An autologous fat graft obtained from the inguinal region of each rat was transferred to its back. DMSO was administered intraperitoneally (IP) in the DMSO-IP group and cutaneously (C) in the DMSO-C group once daily for 15 days after the surgical procedure. The control group underwent surgery but was not administered with DMSO. Two months after surgery, the grafted fatty tissues were harvested for histopathological and biochemical analyses. Results: The results showed that 2 months postoperatively, fat grafts of the DMSO-C and DMSO-IP groups weighed significantly more than the grafts of the control group. Moreover, the vascularity of the grafts was higher in the DMSO-C group than in the control group, and no significant difference was found between the two DMSO groups. The mean lipid peroxidation levels were the same in the three groups, but myeloperoxidation was significantly lower in the DMSO-C group than in the other two groups. Conclusions: The study results showed that cutaneous rather than intraperitoneal DMSO administration could preserve the quality and volume of transplanted fat tissue in rats by enhancing vascularity and decreasing inflammation.Öğe In vivo performance of simvastatin-loaded electrospun spiral-wound polycaprolactone scaffolds in reconstruction of cranial bone defects in the rat model(Wiley, 2009) Piskin, Erhan; Isoglu, I. Alper; Bolgen, Nimet; Vargel, Ibrahim; Griffiths, Sarah; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Cartmell, SarahReconstruction of large bone defects is still a major problem. Tissue-engineering approaches have become a focus in regeneration of bone. In particular, critical-sized defects do not ossify spontaneously. The use of electrospinning is attracting increasing attention in the preparation of tissue-engineering scaffolds. Recently, acellular scaffolds carrying bioactive agents have been used as scaffolds in "in situ" tissue engineering for soft and hard tissue repair. Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) with two different molecular weights were synthesized, and the blends of these two were electrospun into nonwoven membranes composed of nanofibers/micropores. To stimulate bone formation, an active drug, "simvastatin" was loaded either after the membranes were formed or during electrospinning. The matrices were then spiral-wound to produce scaffolds with 3D-structures having both macro- and microchannels. Eight-millimeter diameter critical size cranial defects were created in rats. Scaffolds with or without simvastatin were then implanted into these defects. Samples from the implant sites were removed after 1, 3, and 6 months postimplantation. Bone regeneration and tissue response were followed by X-ray microcomputed tomography and histological analysis. These in vivo results exhibited osseous tissue integration within the implant and mineralized bone restoration of the calvarium. Both microCT and histological data clearly demonstrated that the more successful results were observed with the "simvastatin-containing PCL scaffolds," in which simvastatin was incorporated into the PCL scaffolds during electrospinning. For these samples, bone mineralization was quite significant when compared with the other groups. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 90A: 1137-1151, 2009Öğe Intrascrotal Extratesticular Neurofibroma as a Possible Cause of Failed Descent in Ipsilateral Testis(All India Inst Medical Sciences, 2012) Soyer, Tutku; Vargel, Ibrahim; Ayva, Sebnem; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Cesur, Ozkan; Bulbul, Selda; Cakmak, MuratIntrascrotal extratesticular neurofibromas (IEN) often originate from genitofemoral nerve (GFN) and present as a paratesticular mass. Synchronous presence of IEN and undescended testis has not been reported previously. A 12-year-old boy with neurocutaneous syndrome and congenital giant melanocytic nevi along with IEN and ipsilateral undescended testis is presented, to discuss the underlying pathophysiology of failed testicular descent in the presence of IEN.Öğe Management of gastrostomy to prevent perforation in acute severe corrosive esophagitis and gastritis: An experimental study(Aves, 2011) Han, Serdar; Han, Unsal; Atinkaya, Cansel; Osmanoglu, Gokhan; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Dikmen, ErkanBackground/aims: Symptomatic treatment is still the most commonly preferred treatment modality for acute severe esophagitis and gastritis. Clinical results of this treatment range from pathologies like stricture formation to loss of life. In our study, we aimed to demonstrate the effect of immediate gastrostomy in preventing perforation due to corrosive trauma. Methods: We used 32 rats in two study groups. In Group I (n: 16 rats), 1 ml of corrosive agent (10% NaOH solution) was administered and immediate gastrostomies were performed within 2 hours. In Group II (n: 16 rats), 1 ml corrosive agent (10% NaOH solution) was administered and the rats were treated symptomatically; no operation was performed. Results: Acute death was observed in 5 rats just after the corrosive agent was administered at the beginning of the study. Three rats from Group II died due to esophageal and gastric perforation within one week (25%). Necrosis was reported in 5 non-gastrostomized rats; however, no necrosis was observed in the gastrostomized group (p=0.037). Conclusions: Severe acute corrosive esophagitis and gastritis may be fatal. Furthermore, survivors may suffer from lifelong associated problems. From this study, we concluded that immediate gastrostomy in acute corrosive esophagitis and gastritis may play an important role in preventing necrosis and perforation risk.Öğe Maxilla allograft for transplantation - An anatomical study(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008) Yazici, Ilker; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Comert, Ayhan; Vargel, Ibrahim; Cavusoglu, Mehtap; Tekdemir, Ibrahim; Siemionow, MariaIntroduction: The aim of this study is to present an anatomic study and a dissection technique to, prepare maxilla graft for transplantation. Methods: Six fixed adult human cadavers were used for dissection of the maxilla grafts. Retrospective reviews of archives of 10 MRI and 5 angiographies of the maxillary region were performed to demonstrate the vascular and soft tissue anatomy of this area. Results: We have harvested maxilla graft as a single unit (larger type of Le Fort II) based on arterial and venous pedicle ready for transplantation. MRI evaluation revealed the vascular structures in the masticatory space and its anterior pterygomaxillary extension. Angiographic observations have demonstrated the arterial blood supply of the maxillary region, which lies within the pterygomaxillary region that we have included in the graft. Conclusions: We are presenting a method for harvesting of the maxilla graft, with vascular supply based on certain anatomic landmarks.Öğe Metastasis suppressor proteins in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(Elsevier Gmbh, 2016) Bozdogan, Onder; Vargel, Ibrahim; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Karabulut, Ayse A.; Karahan, Gurbet; Sayar, Nilufer; Yulug, Isik G.Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs) are common human carcinomas. Despite having metastasizing capacities, they usually show less aggressive progression compared to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of other organs. Metastasis suppressor proteins (MSPs) are a group of proteins that control and slow-down the metastatic process. In this study, we established the importance of seven well-defined MSPs including NDRG1, NM23-H1, RhoGDI2, E-cadherin, CD82/KAI1, MKK4, and AKAP12 in cSCCs. Protein expression levels of the selected MSPs were detected in 32 cSCCs, 6 in situ SCCs, and two skin cell lines (HaCaT, A-431) by immunohistochemistry. The results were evaluated semi-quantitatively using the HSCORE system. In addition, mRNA expression levels were detected by qRT-PCR in the cell lines. The HSCOREs of NM23-H1 were similar in cSCCs and normal skin tissues, while RGHOGDI2, E-cadherin and AKAP12 were significantly downregulated in cSCCs compared to normal skin. The levels of MKK4, NDRG1 and CD82 were partially conserved in cSCCs. In stage I SCCs, nuclear staining of NM23-H1 (NM23-H1nuc) was significantly lower than in stage SCCs. Only nuclear staining of MKK4 (MKK4nuc) showed significantly higher scores in in situ carcinomas compared to invasive SCCs. In conclusion, similar to other human tumors, we have demonstrated complex differential expression patterns for the MSPs in in-situ and invasive cSCCs. This complex MSP signature warrants further biological and experimental pathway research. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.Öğe Methylene blue vital staining of nerve stumps in secondary peripheral nerve repair(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2011) Yazici, Ilker; Kasimcan, Mustafa Omur; Karakaya, Esen Ibrahim; Gurel, Murat; Cavusoglu, Tarik…Öğe Microsurgical training model for lymphaticovenous anastomosis in rat(Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) Yazici, Ilker; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Karakaya, Esen Ibrahim; Comert, Ayhan; Siemionow, Maria…Öğe Reconstruction of Coup de Sabre Deformity (Linear Localized Scleroderma) by Using Galeal Frontalis Muscle Flap and Demineralized Bone Matrix Combination(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011) Cavusoglu, Tarik; Yazici, Ilker; Vargel, Ibrahim; Karakaya, Esen IbrahimIn this clinical report, we are presenting the combination of demineralized bone matrix combined with bilateral galea frontalis flaps. Based on our 6-month results, this seems to be a reasonable combination to accomplish long-lasting restoration of forehead defects related to en coup de sabre linear localized scleroderma.Öğe Reconstruction of Orbital Floor Fractures Using Autologous Nasal Septal Bone Graft(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010) Cavusoglu, Tarik; Vargel, Ibrahim; Yazici, Ilker; Cavusoglu, Mehtap; Vural, A. CahitWe describe herein a new technique for reconstruction of the orbital floor, using autologous nasal septal bone and report the Surgical results achieved in maxillofacial trauma patients. Prior to its clinical Surgical application, a cadaver practice was carried Out oil 5 formalin-fixed adult human cadavers to establish the feasibility and efficacy of the method. Fifteen patients with orbital floor fractures, operated between 2005 and 2008, using this technique, were included in the current study. Cadaveric practice revealed that an adequate and appropriate size of septal bone graft can be harvested for reconstruction of the orbital floor. All patients except one had satisfactory clinical and radiologic late results. One patient experienced persistent enophthalmos, possibly due to delayed repair and associated displaced zygomatic boric fracture. Autologous nasal septal bone as an orbital floor bone graft has many advantages, including low donor site morbidity, adequacy and appropriateness of size, and similarity of its bicortical morphology and histologic nature compared with the orbital floor bone. Our clinical results strongly support that this technique call become a satisfactory alternative to existing reconstruction methods.Öğe Second toe-to-thumb transfer with transposition of the thumb stump to second finger(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2013) Yazici, Ilker; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Karakaya, Esen Ibrahim; Vural, Altughan Cahit; Vargel, Ibrahim…Öğe Stem cell suspension injected HEMA-lactate-dextran cryogels for regeneration of critical sized bone defects(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2014) Bolgen, Nimet; Korkusuz, Petek; Vargel, Ibrahim; Kilic, Emine; Guzel, Elif; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Piskin, ErhanHEMA-Lactate-Dextran cryogel scaffolds were produced by cryogelation. Mesencyhmal stem cells (MSC) were isolated from rat bone marrow. Critical sized cranial bone defects were created in rat cranium. Stem cells were injected inside the macropores of the cryogel scaffolds prepared from HEMA-Lactate-Dextran possessing the same dimensions with the defect and placed in the cranial bone. The cryogels placed in the defect without stem cells served as control. After selected time intervals the experimental sites were removed from the animals and new bone formation and tissue integration were investigated by histological analysis. The in vivo results exhibited osseous tissue integration within the implant and mineralized functionally stable bone restoration of the cranial defects. Tissue formation started in the macrospores of the scaffold starting from periphery to the center. A significant ingrowth of connective tissue cells and new blood vessels allowed new bone formation. Histological data demonstrated that new bone per total defect area ratio, were not significantly different in "scaffold-stem cells" group compared to that of "scaffold only" group on all time points. However, the blood vessel density was significantly higher in "scaffold-stem cells" group comparing to that of the "scaffold only" group on day 30. "Scaffold-stem cells" given group gave better tissue response score when compared to "scaffold only" group on day 180.Öğe Tolerance of prefabricated skin flaps to ischaemia and reperfusion: Experimental study(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2011) Serel, Savas; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Uluc, Arsin; Ayva, Sebnem; Saray, Aydin; Ozbek, Mustafa RizaCustom prefabrication of tissues allows the surgeon to build what is required for the reconstruction and has enabled the surgeon to reinforce new blood supply into selected blocks of tissue without vessel anastomosis. However, prefabricated flaps have several drawbacks and characteristics that differentiate them from conventional flaps. The objective of this study was to test the tolerance of prefabricated flaps to ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rats. In the first stage, the unilateral-inferior-epigastric pedicle was ligated and divided, and then a skin flap was fabricated by implantation of distally ligated femoral arteriovenous pedicle beneath the abdominal skin. The femoral vessels were implanted either in skeletonised or in muscle-cuffed fashion beneath the abdominal skin, a portion of which was raised as an island flap, based on these vessels. Prefabricated flaps (3 x 6 cm) were raised 6 weeks after, and were subjected to 10 h ischaemia and followed by 12 h reperfusion. Flap survival and histological changes at the pedicle-skin junction were evaluated at 7 days. Flap necrosis in the sham group was 0%, whereas the control group (conventional) had 47.27 +/- 13.50% necrosis. Flaps prefabricated with skeletonised femoral pedicle demonstrated an insignificant pattern with 63.74 +/- 10.62% necrosis when compared with prefabricated flaps with musclecuffed pedicle with the percentage of necrosis of 64.51 +/- 11.24. The area of necrosis was significantly increased when both the prefabricated flaps were compared with the control group or with the sham-prefabricated group (p < 0.05). Skin flaps prefabricated with either pedicle-alone or pedicles with muscle cuff are more susceptible to ischaemia and following reperfusion in comparison with the normal flaps. (C) 2010 British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Use of Triangulation Method in End-to-Side Arterial Microvascular Anastomosis(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2009) Yazici, Ilker; Cavusoglu, Tarik; Comert, Ayhan; Vural, Altughan CahitIn this article, we present the use of triangulation for end-to-si I de microvascular arterial anastomosis. The classic end-to-side anastomosis starts by putting 2 Sutures 180 degrees apart to the lateral arteriotomy aperture that is parallel to the longitudinal axis. We are performing triangulation in end-to-side microvascular artery anastomoses by putting 3 Stay Sutures, securing 2 of them to visualize vascular lumen and reduce the risk of passing suture from the back wall. We have been using this method for the last 5 years and found that triangulation seems to be a safer technique to teach and practice end-to-side microvascular anastomosis.
