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Öğe Alterations in serum thiol-disulfiide homeostasis and ischemiamodifiied albumin concentrations in clinical canine parvoviral enteritis(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Şenel, Yasin; Terzi, Osman Safa; Kara, Erdal; Erel, Özcan; Neşelioğlu, Salim; Ceylan, EbubekirMonitoring biomarkers related to inflammation and oxidative stress is critical in dogs because parvovirus causes both inflammatory and antioxidant alterations. The aim of this study was to investigate inflammatory and antioxidant changes caused by canine parvoviral enteritis to better understand the oxidative stress process related to this disease. Thus, the total thiol, native thiol, disulfide, and ischemia-modified albumin levels of Canine parvovirus infected symptomatic puppies and healthy puppies were examined. Using the results of complete blood counts, the blood serum thiol-disulfide homeostasis and ischemia modified albumin levels of the puppies with Canine parvoviral enteritis (n = 65) and the healthy puppies (n = 34) were compared. Canine parvoviral enteritis and control groups showed a statistically significant difference in thiol disulfide levels (p < 0.01), while no significant difference was observed in ischemia modified albumin levels between the two groups. As a result of this study, a picture contradictory to the literature information was discovered; it is believed that integrating research on oxidative stress at various stages of disease progression, including the early stage, clinical period and recovery processes may provide more information about the dynamics of oxidative stress during disease progression.Öğe Determination of blood heavy metal concentrations and oxidant-antioxidant capacities in Angora cats at different age and gender(Ankara Univ, 2023) Kabakçı, Ruhi; Yiğit, Ayşe Arzu; Ekici, Hüsamettin; Aluç, Yaşar; Kara, ErdalThis study was conducted to investigate heavy metal concentrations and oxidative status of plasma and erythrocytes in Angora cats at different ages and gender. Sixteen young (less than 1 year old) and 14 adult (1-6 years old) cats were also grouped according to gender as male (n = 17) and female (n = 13). The separated plasma samples from cat's blood were analyzed for selected heavy metals and total oxidant and antioxidant capacities (TOC and TAC) and calculated for oxidative stress index (OSI). The erythrocyte hemolysates were also evaluated for malondialdehyde (MDA), and super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Results of the study showed that most of the measured metals were not varied statistically according to age or gender. However, adult cats had significantly (P<0.01) higher Cu and lower Fe levels compared to young cats. Plasma levels of TOC, TAC and OSI, and erythrocyte MDA concentrations in young cats were significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of adults. While the SOD activity was decreased by the age, GPX activity was increased (P<0.05). However, the activity of CAT was changed by only gender, which was higher in males (P<0.01). In conclusion, metals, especially trace elements, are required for many kinds of physiological processes and the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, it can be suggested that the periodic measurement of metals and the addition of common antioxidant supplements to the diet of adult Angora cats will support weakening antioxidant mechanisms by age.Öğe Dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis and ischemia modified albumin levels in neonatal calf diarrhea(Ankara Univ, 2023) Terzi, Osman Safa; Kara, Erdal; Senel, Yasin; Ceylan, Ebubekir; Neselioglu, Salim; Erel, OzcanThe aim of this study was to determine dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis (TDH) parameters and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels in calves with neonatal diarrhea and compare with healthy controls. A total of 50 calves were included in the study. There were 25 calves in both diarrhea and healthy groups. Serum native thiol, total thiol, disulfide and IMA levels were measured using new methods. Native thiol (P=0.025) and total thiol (P=0.041) values decreased significantly in calves with neonatal diarrhea compared to the healthy control group. Disulphide (P=0.133), disulphide/native thiol ratio (P=0.001) and IMA (P=0.0018) parameters were lower in healthy group, and the difference between the two groups was significant for the parameters other than disulphide. This study shows that TDH is impaired in neonatal calf diarrhea and IMA levels are increased due to oxidative stress.Öğe Effects of clinoptilolite on heavy metal levels in milk, proinflammatory cytokine responses (IL-1? and IL-6) and oxidative stress in dairy cows(Akademiai Kiado Zrt, 2022) Kurtdede, Efe; Kurtdede, Arif; Duru, Sibel yasa; Duru, Ozkan; Kara, Erdal; Aluc, Yasar; Kaya, UfukThe effects of clinoptilolite on milk copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and iron (Fe) concentrations, proinflammatory cytokine responses, oxidative stress status, whole blood cell counts and liver and kidney functions were investigated in dairy cows exhibiting no signs of any kind of toxicity. Clinoptilolite was added to the feed at a dose of 200 mg kg(-1) body weight in the clinoptilolitetreated group (n = 14), but was not added to the feed in the control group (n = 7). In the milk samples (n = 21) collected before the experiment, the Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Fe values were 0.021 +/- 0.020, 0.104 +/- 0.01, 3.42 +/- 0.32, <0.000, 0.56 +/- 0.34 ppm, respectively. At the end of the experiment (30th day), among the elements measured in milk samples collected from the clinoptilolite-treated group, only the Pb value (0.076 +/- 0.01) was lower than the 0-day value of the clinoptilolite-treated group (0.104 +/- 0.01) and the 30th-day value of the control group (0.105 +/- 0.01) was found to be statistically lower. Changes determined at the end of clinoptilolite application in serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), albumin, glucose, urea and urine creatinine/urine total protein (uCr/uTP) values, which were interpreted as the effect of lead exposure before the trial, were evaluated as the positive effect of clinoptilolite. It was concluded that the addition of clinoptilolite to the feed in dairy cows caused a significant decrease in the amount of Pb in milk, and positive changes in the parameters related to oxidative stress in serum and in parameters related to renal function.Öğe Efficiacy of ivermectin solution against Hirstiellosis in green iguanas- case report(Ankara Univ Press, 2022) Sevim, Kadir; Gazyağcı, Serkal; Koç, Nafiye; Kara, ErdalInterest in green iguanas (Iguana iguana) as pet animals is increasing day by day. Compared to other pet animals, the diagnosis and treatment methods of reptilian diseases are limited. Considering that these diseases will also concern public health, new research is required. Hirstiellosis is a zoonotic ectoparasitic disease seen in green iguanas (Iguana iguana). Recommended therapies are mostly empirical, some of which can be low-impact or toxic. The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of ivermectin solution (5 mg/l) in the treatment of hirstiellosis and to provide preliminary data for further studies. Ivermectin solution was found to be effective in the treatment of three iguanas with the aforementioned disease, and no clinical side effects were found in the control examinations made at regular intervals.Öğe Evaluation of Colostral Passive Immune Transfer Success in Turkish Kangal Shepherd Dogs(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2024) Kara, Erdal; Öcal, Naci; Duru, Özkan; Duru, Sibel Yasa; Şenel, YasinThe aim of this study was to investigate the passive immune transfer process and its effects in Turkish Kangal shepherd dogs. The material of the study consisted of 15 dams and their 138 offspring in the region of Central Anatolia, Turkiye. Blood samples were collected from the surviving puppies at 48 +/- 4 h postpartum and IgG levels were measured using the ELISA method. Before the blood samples were collected, 34 of the puppies (26.64%) died, 56 of the 104 puppies (40.58%) whose blood samples were collected and IgG analyses were done died prior to weaning, and 48 (34.78%) survived until weaning. All of the analyzed blood samples had IgG levels above 230 mg/dL and there was no passive transfer failure. The average blood IgG level of the puppies was 664.86 mg/dL. The effects of litter size and birth season on passive transfer success were statistically significant (P<0.05), while maternal age and the sex of the puppy were not significant (P>0.05). There was no correlation between the average blood IgG levels of the puppies and group mortality rates (r =-0.44). In conclusion, while the rate of passive transfer success for Turkish Kangal shepherd dogs was found to be high compared to other breeds, the high rate of mortality among the puppies suggested that dams and their litters should be cared for more carefully in the neonatal period.Öğe Evaluation of hepatokines, proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress and energy related metabolism analytes and hematological parameters in dairy cows with placental retention(2021) Bayraktar, Bülent; Kara, Erdal; Elifoğlu, Taha Burak; Kaya, UfukAim: To investigate the serum levels of angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1?), IL-6, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and energy-related metabolism analytes and hematological parameters in cows with placental retention (PR). Materials and Methods: In the presented study, blood samples were taken from the coccygeal veins of 10 cows with PR and 10 healthy control cows. All of the samples were analyzed to determine the serum glucose, unesterified fatty acid (NEFA), triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), SOD, and MDA levels. Blood serum hepatokines, ANGPTL4, FGF21 levels, proinflammatory cytokine response parameters, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 levels were evaluated. Results: As a result, the increase in serum AST (p < 0.05) indicated altered liver function. During negative energy balance, the serum NEFA levels (p < 0.05) increased, and serum HDL levels (p < 0.05) decreased as indicators of an increased risk of metabolic pathology. Increases in the serum ANGPTL4, FGF21, CRP, and SOD (p < 0.001) and IL-6, MDA, creatine kinase levels (p < 0.05) were evaluated as indicators of the development of effective metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress. The monocyte count was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the cows with PR. Conclusion: It was concluded that significant increases in the serum ANGPTL4 and FGF2 levels were associated with energy balance, effective cytokine responses, and oxidative stress in dairy cows with PR.Öğe Failure of passive transfer in neonatal calves in dairy farms in Ankara region(2021) Kara, Erdal; Ceylan, EbubekirThis study, as a model for the farms in Turkey implementing professional herd management protocols, was conducted to\rexamine a variety of factors in relation to the prevalence of failure of passive transfer (FPT) and the passive transfer (PT) in dairy farms\rin Ankara. A total of 400 calves and 363 cows from 9 different farms practicing professional herd management systems and employ\rfull-time veterinarians were included in the study. Following the birth of the calf, colostrum was taken from cows, blood samples were\rtaken from calves at 24–48 h of age and analysed for IgG using ELISA. FPT was determined in 69 (17.25%) of 400 calves examined and\r44 (12.12%) of 363 cows produced insufficient quality colostrum (IgG concentration ? 50 mg/mL). The average blood IgG concentration\rof calves was 14.16 mg/mL, and the average colostrum IgG concentration was 90.41 mg/mL. When various data related to FPT are\revaluated, the risk of FPT increases 15.4 times in calves fed with insufficient quality colostrum, and the risk of overcoming diseases\rin calves with FPT increases 1.6 times until weaning. In conclusion, the FPT rate was around 20% in dairy farms in Ankara, where\radvanced herd management techniques were practiced and still pose a serious risk.Öğe Failure of passive transfer in neonatal calves in dairy farms in Ankara region(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Kara, Erdal; Ceylan, EbubekirThis study, as a model for the farms in Turkey implementing professional herd management protocols, was conducted to examine a variety of factors in relation to the prevalence of failure of passive transfer (FPT) and the passive transfer (PT) in dairy farms in Ankara. A total of 400 calves and 363 cows from 9 different farms practicing professional herd management systems and employ full-time veterinarians were included in the study. Following the birth of the calf, colostrum was taken from cows, blood samples were taken from calves at 24-48 h of age and analysed for IgG using ELISA. FPT was determined in 69 (17.25%) of 400 calves examined and 44 (12.12%) of 363 cows produced insufficient quality colostrum (IgG concentration. 50 mg/mL). The average blood IgG concentration of calves was 14.16 mg/mL, and the average colostrum IgG concentration was 90.41 mg/mL. When various data related to FPT are evaluated, the risk of FPT increases 15.4 times in calves fed with insufficient quality colostrum, and the risk of overcoming diseases in calves with FPT increases 1.6 times until weaning. In conclusion, the FPT rate was around 20% in dairy farms in Ankara, where advanced herd management techniques were practiced and still pose a serious risk.Öğe Investigation of the prophylactic and therapeutic effectiveness of oral thyme extract in rats experimentally infected with cryptosporidium parvum(Springer, 2023) Kara, Erdal; Duru, Sibel Yasa; Gokpinar, Sami; Duru, Ozkan; Sevin, Sedat; Senel, Yasin; Kaya, UfukIn this study, the prophylactic and therapeutic activities of thyme extract at different concentrations against experimental Cryptosporidium parvum infection in immunosuppressed rats were investigated. Thyme extract was prepared at four different concentrations (10%, 30%, 50%, and 100%) and administered as a single oral dose of 1 mL for evaluation of its prophylactic efficacy. Five consecutive days after infection was detected in all rats, therapeutic evaluations were also performed. According to the results obtained by daily counting of oocysts in stools, the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of thyme extract administration were significant in comparison to the control group (P<0.01). Oocyst shedding continued in the control group at high numbers from the beginning to the end of the study, while oocyst counts in the prophylaxis groups remained low throughout the study. On the other hand, oocyst excretion rates were high in the therapeutic groups and decreased rapidly after thyme extract administration. At the end of the study, oocyst excretion had completely stopped for some rats administered thyme extract. There was no group in which oocyst shedding ceased for all rats. No significant differences were observed in the therapeutic or prophylaxis groups regarding the doses administered (P > 0.01). Renal and hepatic functions were monitored by measuring urea, creatinine, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase levels before and after thyme extract administration. As a result, it was concluded that oral thyme extract administration at the doses applied in this study is effective and safe in the prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of experimental cryptosporidiosis in rats.Öğe Investigation of Total Colostral IgG Produced by Holstein Cows in a Lactation(2023) Kara, Erdal; Yağcı, İlknur Pir; Yağcı, Buğrahan Bekir; Elifoğlu, Taha BurakSince dairy cows have greater milk production than beef cows, because of the dilution of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) colostrum of dairy cows assumed to be of poorer quality compared with beef cows. The objective of the present study was to investigate quality of colostrum and total IgG produced in a lactation by Holstein cows (n=80). The average colostrum volume at the first seven milking were measured as 5.42 L, 6.73 L, 8.55 L, 9.26 L, 8.44 L, 9 L, 10.01 L respectively. The average total colostrum produced by cows in the first 3 days period was calculated as 57.41 L. The average colostrum IgG concentration were calculated as 90.81 mg/mL, 68.67 mg/mL, 58.40 mg/mL, 37.33 mg/mL, 15.22 mg/mL, 10.7 mg/mL, 5.9 mg/mL respectively for each milking. In conclusion, enough colostrum and IgG are produced in the first 3 days in Holstein cows for calf feeding. In addition to this, there is huge opportunity that excessive amount of IgG and colostrum could be processed for other by-products.Öğe Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Hayvan Hastanesi’ne getirilen neonatal ishalli buzağılarda major enteropatojenlerin prevalansının araştırılması(2023) Güreli, Zeki; Kara, ErdalBu çalışmanın amacı; Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Hayvan Hastanesine neonatal ishal şikayetiyle getirilen 0-28 günlük yaştaki buzağıların ishal etiyolojisinde rol oynayan E.coli K-99, Coronavirüs, Rotavirüs, Cryptosporidium ve Giardia lamblia enteropatojenlerinin yaygınlığını tespit etmektir. Çalışmanın materyalini Kırıkkale ve çevre illerden hastanemize getirilen 80 80 adet buzağı oluşturmuştur. Buzağıların getirildikleri illere göre dağılımı yapıldığında; 38’inin Kırıkkale, 17’sinin Ankara, 11’inin Kırşehir, 7’sinin Çankırı, 5’inin Yozgat ve 2’sinin Çorum’dan getirildiği belirlenmiştir. Buzağıların 60’ı Simental, 12’si Holstein, 7’si Montofon ve 1’i Limuzin ırkı olup, 52’si erkek, 28’i dişi bireylerden oluşmuştur. Dışkı analizi için Rotavirüs, Coronavirüs, Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia ve E.coli K-99 enteropatojenleri immunokromatografik hazır tanı kiti kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Çalışmaya alınan neonatal ishalli 80 buzağıdan 10’unda araştılan herhangi bir enteropatojene rastlanılmamıştır. Kalan 70 buzağıdan 51’inde tek enteropatojen, 19’unda ise birden fazla enteropatojen tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmaya alınan buzağıların etiyolojisinde mono ya da miks enfeksiyon olarak 18’inde E.coli K-99, 24’ünde Rotavirüs, 34’ünde Coronavirüs, 18’inde Cryptosporidium ve 3’ünde ise Giardia lamblia tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak Kırıkkale ve çevresinde karşılaşılan neonatal buzağı ishallerinde E.coli K-99, Rotavirüs, Coronavirüs ve Cryptosporidium etkenlerinin yaygın olduğu belirlenmiş ve neonatal buzağı ishallerine karşı oluşturulacak koruma-tedavi protokollerinin bu etkenlere yönelik planlanmasının faydalı olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.Öğe Relationship between electrical conductivity and colostrum quality in farm level(2023) Kara, Erdal; Yağcı, İlknur Pir; Yağcı, Buğrahan Bekir; Kaya, Ufuk; Elifoğlu, Taha BurakGood quality colostrum intake is essential component in calf health programs. There are different methods to determine the quality of colostrum. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between Immunoglobulin G (IgG), which is used to determine colostrum quality, and electrical conductivity in farm level. Two groups were performed according to results of IgG analyses. Samples which had <50 mg/mL IgG concentration were assigned into group 1 (G1, n=27) and accepted as insufficient quality colostrum. Samples that had >50 mg/mL IgG concentration were accepted as good quality colostrum and assigned into group 2 (G2, n=68). IgG concentrations were measured by ELISA, then the electrical resistance (ER) and conductivity (EC) measured by Draminski Mastitis Detector (MDQ4, MDQ). MDQ and ER results were statistically higher in G2, and EC results were statistically higher in G1, but difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05) in G1, there was moderate positive correlation between IgG and ER, EC and MDQ (P<0.01). Presented study revealed strong correlation between EC and IgG concentration in low-quality colostrum. There are lots of variables that effect conductivity and resistance of colostrum, so to eliminate uncertainties of use of MDQ further research must be done. Moreover, MDQ readings show considerable potential for being useful tools in colostrum management systems to improve calf health in dairy farms.Öğe Relationships between the Postpartum Body Condition Score, Colostral IgG Content, Liver Lipid Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in Dairy Cows(2022) Kurtdede, Efe; Kurtdede, Arif; Kara, Erdal; Er, Mehmet Ba; Gülendağ, ErmanHis study aimed to evaluate the relationships between the postpartum body condition score (BCS)\rand colostral IgG, lipid metabolism, liver functions and oxidative stress parameters in dairy cows\rwith BCSs of ?3.5 and >3.5.\rThis investigation included 60 dairy cows of the same breed, that were 3-5 years old and had given\rtwo or more births in a dairy farm. Care was taken to ensure that the BCS changes of the cows\rwere <0.5 from the dry period to calving.\rIn the 30 cows with a BCS of ?3.5 within 24 hours of birth, the mean BCS level was 3.24±0.24 and\rthe mean serum ?-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) level was 0.36±0.07. In the 30 cows with a BCS of\r>3.5 within 24 hours of birth, the mean BCS level was 3.96±0.14 and the mean serum BHBA level\rwas 0.38±0.07.\rCompared to the values determined in cows with a BCS >3.5, serum non-esterified fatty acids\r(NEFA), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and malondialdehyde (MDA)\rlevels were significantly lower, and triglyceride, albumin, SOD and colostral IgG levels were\rsignificantly higher in cows with a BCS of ?3.5.\rIt was concluded that a BCS change of <0.5 from the drying period to parturition and a postpartum\rBCS of ?3.5 in dairy cows would be beneficial for better management of the metabolic process,\roxidative stress and high colostral IgG level.Öğe Serum ANGPTL4 and FGF2, energy-related blood biochemicals, cytokine responses and oxidative stress in dairy cows with subclinical ketosis(Ankara Univ, 2023) Kurtdede, Efe; Kurtdede, Arif; Öcal, Naci; Kara, ErdalIn this study, it was aimed to investigate the serum levels of ANGPTL4, FGF21, IL-1 beta, IL-6, SOD, MDA, and serum biochemical and hematological parameters in cows with subclinical ketosis. The mean serum beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) level was 1.37 +/- 0.04 mmol/L in 10 dairy cows aged 3-5 years that were <21 days postpartum and diagnosed with subclinical ketosis. The mean serum BHB level was 0.40 +/- 0.08 mmol/L in 10 healthy dairy cows in the same period and in the same age range. An increase in serum AST (P<0.001) and a decrease in serum albumin levels (P<0.05) indicated altered liver functions. An increase in serum non-esterified fatty acid (P<0.001) and decreases in serum HDL, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels (P<0.05) were interpreted as indicators of increased metabolic pathology risk due to negative energy balance. Increases in serum ANGPTL4, FGF2, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and MDA (P<0.001) and SOD levels (P<0.05) were evaluated as indicators of the development of effective metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress. It was concluded that significant increases in serum ANGPTL4, FGF2, IL- 1 beta, IL-6, and MDA and SOD levels in dairy cows with subclinical ketosis were associated with negative energy balance, effective cytokine responses, and oxidative stress.Öğe Study of the Effects of Modified Colostrum Feeding Method on Passive Transfer Success in New-born Calves and Comparison with the Classical Method(2023) Kara, Erdal; Kara, HalimeIn this study, it was aimed to evaluate a new colostrum feeding protocol in terms of passive transfer success. In the study, 70 calves each from two different farms with similar characteristics except colostrum feeding protocols were used. According to the modified method, new-born calves were given as much colostrum as the calf could drink, once every 3 hours, a total of 5 times in the first 12 hours. After 12 hours, as in the classical method, 2.5 liters of colostrum was given to the calves in the morning and evening, and then the calves were fed with milk. The amount of colostrum consumed by the calves fed with the modified method at each meal was recorded, and the blood IgG levels were measured using the ELISA method. In the first 5 feedings made in the modified method, the calves drank an average of 5.51 L colostrum in the first 12-hour period, 2.52 L in the first feeding, 0.86 L in the second feeding, 0.52 L in the third feeding, 0.98 L in the fourth feeding, and 0.63 L in the fifth feeding, respectively. While the mean blood IgG level of the calves in the modified colostral feeding group was 37.33 mg/ml, it was measured as 31.04 mg/ml in the classical colostral feeding group. As a result, with this difference made in the colostrum feeding method, the blood IgG levels of the calves reached a significantly higher level compared to the classical method.Öğe The Effect of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor Use in addition to Classical Treatment on Prognosis and Blood Values in Patients with Feline Panleukopenia(2023) Kızılkaya, Botan; Kara, ErdalFeline panleukopenia virus is a notable disease in cats and has a very contagious progression especially in young and not vaccinated individuals. Worse still, conventional treatments have a below 50 % success rate in treating this disease. This study investigated the prognostic success of administering a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, filgrastim, with the conventional treatment for cats with feline infectious enteritis. The study had 48 sick individuals, 31 of whom had conventional + filgrastim treatment, whereas 17 had only conventional treatment (control group). A ratio of 93.61 % of all individuals showed leukopenia and 82.97 % of all individuals had neutropenia. The ratio of not vaccinated individuals in the study sample was 92.3 %. The recovery ratio in the study group in which filgrastim was administered was 72.41 %, whereas this ratio was 58.82 % in the control group, yet the difference was not statistically significant (p?0.9999). In the blood count values of the control group, there was no statistically significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment measurements. On the other hand, WBC, LYM, and NEU values were significantly different in the study group with additional filgrastim treatment (p<0.001). The study results indicated that vaccination is critical in protection against feline parvovirus, diarrhea, and vomiting symptoms in the first diagnosis are noteworthy, and using filgrastim in addition to the conventional treatment did not have a considerable impact on prognosis, although it did ameliorate blood values.Öğe The effect of potassium levels on electrocardiographic data in calves with neonatal diarrhea(2024) Terzi, Osman Safa; Kara, ErdalObjective: The objective of the current study was to assess the potassium levels and electrocardiographic (ECG) data in a cohort of 40 calves (age < 30 days) diagnosed with newborn diarrhea, originating from dairy farms located in Ankara, Turkey. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on a dairy farm located in Ankara, involving a population of 500 dairy animals. The calves were divided into two groups: one group with normal potassium levels (n=24) and another group with hyperkalemia (n=16) due to neonatal diarrhea. After the initial clinical examination was conducted on the farm, electrocardiographic investigations were carried out utilizing an ECG equipment. The biochemical analysis of blood samples that were collected in red and dry collecting tubes was carried out with the assistance of an automated analyzing machine Results: The findings indicate that there were no statistically significant differences observed across all ECG variables between the two groups. Conclusion: Acidemia and metabolic acidosis are commonly observed in calves suffering from hyperkalemic diarrhea, as documented in previous investigations, often accompanied by heart rhythm problems. In contrast, the current investigation revealed that neonatal calves with diarrhea and hyperkalemia had just a deepening of the T wave, without any additional abnormalities. Nevertheless, it is important to note that acidemia and metabolic acidosis were not of a severe nature. The implementation of Holter monitoring is indicated for calves experiencing hyperkalemia in conjunction with diarrhea.Öğe The therapeutic effectiveness of thyme extract in naturally infected puppies with ascariasis(2023) Duru, Özkan; Gökpınar, Sami; Duru, Sibel Yasa; Akanbong, Elisha; Kara, ErdalObjective: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of thyme extract in puppies naturally infected with ascarids. Material-Method: The study consisted of 20 puppies of different sexes, 2-4 months old, naturally infected with ascarid. There were given an oral 20% concentration of thyme extract for 3 days to puppies, and faecal egg counts were conducted on the 0th, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 7th days after the treatment was started (day 0). Also, serum urea, creatinine, AST, ALT levels were monitored on the 0th and 3rd days, together with daily clinical examination, to monitor possible toxic effects. Result: In 2 puppies (10%), the fecal egg count was highly variable at post-treatment examinations, but no reduction in egg count was observed. Egg shedding in 7 (35%) of the treated puppies was zero. It was observed that egg shedding was not completely zero in 11 of the puppies (55%). However, the egg counts decreased by 25% to 98.3%. It was also observed that the values of the measured blood biochemical values were within reference range except serum urea levels and the puppies did not show any clinical sign of toxicity during the treatment. Conclusion: It was concluded that the thyme extract did not have any toxic effect in the puppies at the concentration studied, and it could be effective in the treatment of ascariasis.Öğe Yerli Kara ve İsviçre Esmeri Irkı Sığırların Kolostrum Kalitesinin Karşılaştırılması(2020) Kara, Erdal; Terzi, Osman Safa; Şenel, Yasin; Ceylan, EbubekirRuminant plasentaları sindesmokoryal tipte olduğu için maternal sirkülasyonla yavru sirkülasyonubirbirinden ayrılmaktadır. Bu sebeple yenidoğan buzağılar neonatal dönem olarak da isimlendirilendoğumu takiben ilk 28 günlük periyotta, annelerinin kolostrumundan alacakları bağışıklıkbileşenlerine ihtiyaç duyarlar. Pasif immun transfer başarısı için toplam kolostralImmunlobülinlerinlerin %85-90’ını oluşturan Immunglobülin G’nin kolostrumdaki miktarı kalitenoktasında belirleyicidir. Çalışmanın amacı; yerli gen kaynaklarımızdan olan Yerli Kara ırkı sığırlarile kombine verimli bir kültür ırkı olan İsviçre Esmeri’nin kolostrum kalitelerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır.Çalışmanın hayvan materyalini 40 saf Yerli Kara sığır ve 39 saf İsviçre Esmeri sığır oluşturdu.Kolostrum Immunglobulin G seviyesi ELISA yöntemi kullanılarak belirlendi. Yerli Kara ve İsviçreEsmeri sığırların tanımlayıcı istatistik verilerine göre ortalama Immunglobulin G konsantrasyonlarısırasıyla; 133.1±77.28 mg/mL, 74.60±28.44 mg/mL olduğu tespit edildi. İki grup arasındakiImmunglobulin G verileri bağımsız t testi ile karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel olarak önemli olduğutespit edildi (P<0.001). Sonuç olarak; bu çalışmayla Yerli Kara ırkının kolostrum kalitesinin sütüretimi yüksek olan İsviçre Esmeri ırkına oranla oldukça yüksek olduğu görüldü.
