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Öğe A look at the bright side of dance: Analysis of the relationship between dance experience, experience quality, satisfaction and word of mouth(Gdansk Univ Physical Education & Sport, 2021) Argan, Metin; Kaya, Sabri; Ozgen, Caner; Yetim, Gozde; Guseynov, AlikhanBackground: Leisure experience, including dance motivation, is one of the key factors for participation in dance events or festivals. Therefore, the experience quality that facilitates individual relationships is likely to influence the dancers' participation. The purpose of this study is to determine and to analyze dance experience motivations, experience quality, satisfaction and word-of-mouth. Material and methods: The sample of this study consisted of 201 persons who attended the Turkey Dance Festival and who were selected by the convenience sampling method. In this study, the theoretical principles of structural equation modeling (SEM) were applied with the Amos 20 program to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that there were significant relationships (< 0.05) between dance experience motivations, experience quality, satisfaction and WOM. This study results are important both as significant and practical implication for leisure managers' strategies regarding their leisure and experience motivation, and contribution to the leisure literature. Conclusions: The findings of this study can help event managers contribute to increased participation in sustainable dance practices, and the participant-based experience value can be used as a planning tool to attract the attention of event organizers. The findings of this study also give useful insights into theoretical, practical and managerial implications for dance event organization and provide suggestions for future research.Öğe Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Advertising: Understanding and Schematizing the Behaviors of Social Media Users(Ediciones Univ Salamanca, 2022) Argan, Metin; Dinç, Halime; Kaya, Sabri; Argan, Mehpare TokayNowadays, information technology is not only widely used in all walks of life but also fully applied in the marketing and advertisement sector. In particular, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has received growing attention worldwide because of its impact on advertising. However, it remains unclear how social media users react to AI advertisements. The purpose of this study is to examine the behavior of social media users towards AI-based advertisements. This study used a qualitative method, including a semi-structured interview. A total of 23 semi -structured interviews were conducted with social media users aged 18 and over, using a purposive sampling method. The interviews lasted between 27.05-50.39 minutes on average (Mean: 37.48 SD: 6.25) between August and October 2021. We categorized the findings of the current qualitative research into three main process themes: I) reception; II) diving; and III) break-point. While 'reception' covers positive and negative sub-themes, 'diving' includes three themes: comparison, timesaving, and leaping. The final theme, 'break-point', represents the decision-making stage and includes negative or positive opinions. This study provides content producers, social media practitioners, marketing managers, advertising industry, AI researchers, and academics with many insights into AI advertising.Öğe Collecting Memories in Away Games: the Effects of Team Identification, Community Identification, and Away Game Involvement(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Argan, Metin; Özgen, Caner; Kaya, Sabri; Argan, Mehpare T.; Demirbaş, MertThe purpose of this study is to identify the effect of the away game involvement, community identification, and autobiographical memory towards the satisfaction of away games in the context of professional football (soccer). Unlike previous studies, which relied on the participation behavior of fans and their team identification, this study is based on the autobiographical memory of fans who attend away games in Turkey. A total of 204 fans were reached who had minimum one away game experience. The data were subjected to reliability, validity, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling procedures. In order to test the structural model created for the purpose of the research, a questionnaire study was carried out with football fans. Results indicated that there were significant relationships between team identification and away game involvement (R2 =.80, p < 0.01). Additionally, the relationship between away game involvement and autobiographical memory was significant (R2 =.95, p < 0.01). This study showed that autobiographical memory has an important effect on game satisfaction (R2 =.89, p < 0.01), while giving sports marketers a more active role in the engagement process through nostalgic cues. Our study has significant implications as to how well sports team managers design sports marketing and fan engagement strategies based on autobiographical memory. © 2022, Associação Brasileira de Psicologia.Öğe The Referee as Educator: Hermeneutical and Pedagogical Perspectives(De Gruyter Open Ltd, 2012) Isidori, Emanuele; Mueller, Arno; Kaya, SabriNowadays, in contemporary sports studies scarce attention is devoted to studying the referee and his/her functions in light of the philosophical and pedagogical approach. For this reason, the main aim of this study is to use a hermeneutical philosophic methodology to reflect on the role and functions of this figure, and to show his or her importance in preserving the intrinsic values of sport in front of youth and society. Starting with a historical analysis of the referee and the sport judge in ancient Greek athletics, this study will highlight how such this important figure has always been a key element of competitive sport. This study will demonstrate that refereeing is a practice that needs a specific set of hermeneutical skills and the development of complex pedagogical knowledge and ways of acting. It will also define the concept of refereeing in light of a pedagogical approach demonstrating that this practice is, fundamentally, a communicative action implying an ethical and hermeneutical dimension of the referee as a critical-reflective professional committed to enforcing sport's rules and values. In conclusion, the study will stress the importance of looking at referees and sport judges not as a mere technicians and evaluators of performances in competitions but as educators whose specific knowledge must be developed in all of the courses for their training and education.Öğe Türkiye'de Ki Fitness Merkezlerinin Hizmet Kalitesine Yönelik Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi(2015) Soygüden, Aydoğan; Kaya, Sabri; Hoş, SafaBu çalışmada; fitness merkezlerinin hizmet kalitesine yönelik düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla, müşteriler tarafından algılanan ve beklenilen hizmet kalite seviyelerine 4 farklı boyut (personel, program, soyunma odaları ve tesis) altında değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Ölçek formunu gönüllü ve eksiksiz dolduran 219 fitness merkezi üyeleri değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Çalışmada fitness hizmet kalitesini ölçmek için Lam ve diğ. (2005) tarafından geliştirilen ve Türkçe uyarlaması Gürbüz ve diğ. (2005) tarafından yapılan Hizmet Kalitesi Değerlendirme Ölçeği (SQAS) kullanılmıştır. Hizmet Kalitesi Değerlendirme Ölçeği 4 boyut (Personel, Program, Soyunma Odaları, Tesis) ve 34 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Hizmet kalitesini değerlendirmede Gap Model (Parasuraman, Zeithaml ve Berry, 1988) kullanıldı, bu yöntemle algılama skorları beklenti skorlarından çıkarılarak arasındaki boşluklar tespit edildi. Gruplar arası farklılıkları bulmak için "Paired-Samples "t" test", "Independent Samples "t" test" ve "One way ANOVA" kullanıldı. Elde edilen sonuçlar; algılama ve beklenti skorları arasındaki farklar boyutlar açısından değerlendirildiğinde, tüm boyutların negatif yönde bir farka sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İstatistiksel açıdan ise, personel, program, soyunma odaları ve tesis boyutlarının tamamında anlamlı bir farklılığa rastlanmıştır. Bunlar içerisinde en düşük kalite düzeyine sahip olan boyutun -0,564 birim ile "program" boyutu olduğu görülmüştür. Daha sonra sırasıyla, -0,509 birimlik fark ile "soyunma odası" boyutu, -0,487 birimlik fark ile "personel" boyutu, -0,481 birimlik fark ile "tesis" boyutu gelmektedir. Çalışmada demografik bakımdan değerlendirildiğinde, cinsiyete göre kadın müşterilerin algı ve beklenti birim ortalamaları erkek müşterilere göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Yaş durumuna göre 15-20 yaş arasında çalışmaya katılanların personel ve program skor ortalamaları 31-35 yaş arası çalışmaya katılanların skor ortalamalarına göre daha düşüktür. Eğitim durumuna göre lise ve üzeri eğitim durumuna sahip müşterilerin 4 boyutun hepsinde yüksek beklentiye sahip oldukları görülmüştür.Öğe You’ll Never Walk without Metaphor: A Study on the Football Chants(Pamukkale University, 2020) Argan, Metin; Özgen, Caner; İlbars, Büşra; Yetim, Gözde; Kaya, SabriTeam chants play out a significant role in such sports as football where an intense competition prevails. The lyrics of chants are of great importance for fans to be able to remember them and reflect the powerful emotions carried for their team. That’s why, the metaphors used in team chants are pivotal. Because metaphors help individuals surface their perceptions against phenomena. The purpose of this study is to determine the metaphors used in the chants of football teams. For this purpose, it was examined through content analysis 84 chants composed for 13 Super League Teams, which they were selected using criterion sampling, one of the techniques of purposive sampling. The metaphors detected upon listening and reading the lyrics of chants one by one were entered to the SPSS 23 program, then frequency and percentage analyses were performed. Subsequently, the metaphors used in the chants of all teams were categorized by their common characteristics. In total, 526 metaphors were determined within the chants of all teams under consideration. Each metaphor was examined and added in the analyses. Through the analyses of all metaphors at hand, it is determined that the metaphors of “heart” and “love” excel over the others. The most frequently used metaphors for all teams fall in six categories as “passion”, “power”, “nature”, “symbol”, “life”, and “fanatic”. It is seen that especially the metaphors in the passion category are used more frequently in chants. This way, the fans are able to convey their vigorous emotions for their team. In conclusion, it is assumed that the intensity of emotions in chants is supported by metaphors in order to leave a mark and stick in the mind in the most influential way. © 2020 Pamukkale University. All Rights Reserved.