DSpace Arşivi :: by Yazar "Kocak, Orhan Murat" değerine göre listeleniyor

Yazar "Kocak, Orhan Murat" seçeneğine göre listele

Listeleniyor 1 - 14 / 14

Cognitive control of a simple mental image in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2011) Kocak, Orhan Murat; Ozpolat, Aysegul Yilmaz; Atbasoglu, Cem; Cicek, Metehan
The nature of obsessions has led researchers to try to determine if the main problem in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is impaired inhibitory control. Previous studies report that the effort to suppress is one of the factors that increase the frequency of obsessive thoughts. Based on these results and those of the present study that suggest inferior parietal lobe (IPL) abnormality in OCD and findings of a recent study that reported the importance of the right posterior parietal cortex in cognitive control of a simple mental image, the present cognitive control paradigm study aimed to determine whether there is a difference in brain dynamics between OCD patients and non-obsessive controls while performing tasks that necessitate cognitive control of a simple mental image, and whether the right posterior parietal region is one of the regions in which a difference in activity between the OCD patients and controls would be observed. Functional brain imaging was performed while the participants attempted to suppress, imagine, or manipulate a mental image. The general linear model showed that there was a main effect of group and main effect of task. Accordingly, in all contrasts (suppression minus free-imagination, erasing minus free-imagination, and imagination minus free-imagination), the right IPL, right posterior cingulate cortex, and right superior frontal gyrus activity were lower in the OCD patients than in the healthy controls. These results and the observed correlations between activity levels, and symptom and subjective performance scores are discussed. In conclusion, the results of the present study and those of previous studies suggest that the main problem in OCD might be difficulty activating the right frontoparietal networks during tasks that require cognitive control, which might result in the intrusiveness of obsessive thoughts. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Cortical motor areas show different reorganizational changes in adult patients with brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI)
(WILEY, 2020) Tuna, Zeynep; Oskay, Deran; Algin, Oktay; Kocak, Orhan Murat
Introduction Brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) may cause permanent disability. It is recently thought to result from the (mal)adaptive reorganizational central nervous system problems. Methods In this study, adult patients with BPBI and age-matched healthy controls were compared for the cortical activity during action observation by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Results The cortical activity in patients was significantly weaker than in the control group (p < .05). Areas of difference were middle temporal gyrus, premotor area, and inferior parietal lobule. The signal change in these areas was significantly lower in the patient group (p < .05). Conclusions This study showed that the cortical activity in the associative motor regions was weaker in the patients while no primary region showed any difference. The results were concluded that there is a diversity in the neuroplastic changes between primary and associative motor areas. Clinically, neurorehabilitative interventions should be planned based on this diversity.
Does Generalized Linear Model Support Functional Default Mode Network Studies
(Aves, 2019) Kocak, Orhan Murat; Ozdemir Rezaki, Hatice; Turkel, Yakup; Inal, Mikail; Buturak, Sadiye Visal
Introduction: A growing body of research has emerged on the resting state and the default mode of the brain. Functional connectivity studies, which lately dominate this research area, have confirmed that regions such as the cortical mid-line structures, as well as parietal-temporal regions are tightly interconnected within the default mode network (DMN). However, little is known about the activity patterns of resting state related brain regions detected in fMRI studies using the generalized linear model (GLM) in a whole brain analysis. The aim of the current study was to investigate the activity changes among brain regions identified through GLM during the transition from task to rest and the prolongation of rest. Methods: A picture imagination task, as a controlled thought content task, was used in order to minimize confounding factors such as a visual stimulus or a motor response. Results: The present study revealed a consistent fluctuating activation pattern of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), thalamus, primer motor area (PMA), insula, brain stem and bilateral putamen during the transition from task to the early phase of the resting state and the prolongation of the resting state. All regions showed increased activation during the detachment from task. However, this increased activation was not sustained during the extension of rest, replaced with a decreased activation at the late phase of rest. The increased activation of resting state regions might help with the detachment from the current task. Among these regions dACC, insula and putamen were correlated in all conditions. Conclusion: These findings underline the importance of the activation increase of the cortical mid-line regions and insula in the transition from task to the resting state.
The effect of different types of honey on healing infected wounds
(Ma Healthcare Ltd, 2018) Eroglu, Oguz; Deniz, Turgut; Kisa, Ucler; Comu, Faruk Metin; Kaygusuz, Sedat; Kocak, Orhan Murat
Objective: To investigate the effects of treatments of 'mad honey', blossom honey and nitrofurazone on infected wound healing. Method: Male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: 'mad honey' (MH), blossom honey (BH), nitrofurazone (N) and control (C). All rats were anaesthetised intraperitoneally. A circular skin incision was made to the back regions. Grafts containing slime-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis were placed on the incision area and then sutured to the skin. Infection in the wound area was confirmed after 48 hours. Wounds were dressed twice daily with the various treatment materials. Rats were randomly euthanised on days 7 or 14, and tissue samples taken. Tissue samples were assessed for hydroxyproline (HP), tensile strength (TS) and macroscopic measurement (area and intensity). Results: HP levels were higher in the treatment groups (MH, BH, N) at days 7 and 14 compared with the control group. 'Group x day' interaction was found in the HP levels (p=0.015). Increases in HP levels in the MH and N groups between days 7 and 14 were significantly higher than those in the other groups (p<0.05). Intensity was significantly lower in the control group and significantly higher in group MH compared with the other groups. Significant 'group x day' interaction was observed in intensity (p=0.006). TS was significantly lower on day 7 than on day 14 (p=0.022). No marked difference was observed between the groups, nor any 'group x day' interaction, in terms of TS. Conclusion: Honey administration successfully healed infected wounds. However, there was no significant difference between the effect of MH and that of N in terms of wound healing.
The effect of temperament on the treatment adherence of bipolar disorder type I
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Buturak, Sadiye Visal; Emel, Erdogan Bakar; Kocak, Orhan Murat
Background and aims: Treatment adherence is one of the most important factors that may determine treatment response in patients with bipolar disorders (BD). Many factors have been described to be associated with treatment adherence in BD. Temperament that can influence the course of BD will have an impact on treatment adherence. The aim of this study is to investigate temperament effect on treatment adherence in euthymic patients with BD-I. Methods: Eighty patients with BD-I participated in the study. A psychiatrist used the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I Disorders to determine the diagnosis and co-morbidities. Hamilton Depression and Young Mania Rating Scale were used to detect the remission. We used the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, San Diego Autoquestionnaire and the 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale to evaluate temperament and treatment adherence, respectively. The study group was divided into two groups as "treatment adherent" and "treatment non-adherent". Results: The cyclothymic and anxious temperament scores of the treatment non-adherent patients with BD-I were significantly higher than those of the treatment adherent group (p < 0.001, p = 0.006, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis determined that cyclothymic temperament predicted treatment non-adherence (p = 0.009). Conclusion: It should be kept in mind that BD-I patients with cyclothymic temperament may be treatment non-adherent and future studies should explore whether temperament characteristics deteriorate BD-I course by disrupting treatment adherence.
The effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism on the depression and anxiety levels
(Cumhuriyet Univ Tip Fak Psikiyatri Anabilim Dali, 2009) Ozen, Nurper Erberk; Kocak, Orhan Murat; Dogru, Tolga; Sayin, D. Beyza
Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion (I) and deletion (D) polymorphism and the levels of anxiety and depression. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, which included the cases who admitted a university hospital cardiology department with the complaint of chest pain without cardiac etiology. It is well known that there is a strong connection between the ACE and hypertension (HT) and coronary arterial diseases (CAH) among peripheral mechanisms. Hence, the subjects included the study were preferred that have no cardiovascular diseases at that time. In this way, it was aimed to conclude that ACE might have an effect on the levels of the anxiety and depression via possible central mechanisms. The study group, which was total 39 patients, was constituted that 26 female with the mean age 51.92 +/- 9.78 and 13 male with the mean age 49.77 +/- 10.01. Their first examination was carried out in cardiology department and performed the necessary techniques. Then the subjects were given the Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory in psychiatry department. Serum samples of the group were transferred to genetic laboratory. The statistical analyses were performed by SPSS 15.0 for Windows. MANOVA, Post Hoc Bonferroni Test, Kruskal Wallis Test and Fischer's Exact Test were used with a related manner. Results: It was found that DID polymorphism that is related with the high ACE activity has a significant association between I/I polymorphism that is related with the low ACE activity and D/I polymorphism that is related with the moderate ACE activity in terms of BDI scores (p=0.010 and p=0.030, respectively). On the other hand, in the BAI scores, DID polymorphism was seen to be a significant association only with I/I polymorphism (p=0.002). Conclusion: It is well established that the ACE gene D polymorphism could be associated with the essential hypertension in the human. In our study, significant relation with the D genotyping and the levels of depression and anxiety were observed in a group, which have no cardiovascular problem detected. It could be suggested that the effect of the ACE system on the arterial pressure may have a role in a different manner from the central mechanisms which may be related the anxiety and depression etiology. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2009; 10:181-186)
Effects of comorbid anxiety disorders on the course of bipolar disorder-I
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Buturak, Sadiye Visal; Kocak, Orhan Murat
Background and aims: Although comorbid anxiety disorders (AD) are quite frequent in bipolar disorders (BD), data on how this comorbidity affects BD are limited. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of comorbid AD in Turkish patients with bipolar disorder-I (BD-I) and the effects of comorbid AD on the course of BD-I. Methods: 114 patients with BD-I were included in the study. All patients were diagnosed by a psychiatrist. The patients were divided into two groups as BD-I patients with lifetime comorbid AD (BDI-CAD) or those without comorbid AD (BDI). Results: 37 (32.46%) patients had one or more comorbid lifetime AD. The numbers of admissions to the outpatient clinic within calendar year 2013 (P = 0.014), the number of lifetime mood episodes (P = 0.019) and the duration of BD (P = 0.007) were higher in the BDI-CAD group compared with the BDI group. There was a strong relationship between the duration of the disorder and the number of episodes (r = 0.583, P < 0.001). Partial correlation analyses showed that the number of admission to the outpatient clinic correlated significantly with the frequency of episodes (P = 0.007, r = 0.282). Conclusion : We found that the patients with BDI-CAD use the healthcare system more frequently than the BDI patients. This suggests that AD comorbidity may have a negative influence on the course of BD-I and it is a factor that should be considered in the clinical follow-up.
Experimental Chronic Toxoplasmosis Model in Mice: Brain Lesions and Related Behavioral Changes
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2012) Kocak, Orhan Murat; Atmaca, Hasan Tarik; Terzi, Osman Safa; Buyukkayaer, Seyhan; Ozdemir, Hatice; Uzunalioglu, Tuba; Kul, Oguz
Objective: In this study, it is aimed to constitute a chronic toxoplasmosis model using toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) ME49 strain that is supposed to produce tissue cysts, to compare healthy and infected mice in terms of behavioral changes. In addition, the relationship between behavioral changes and brain lesions was questioned. Method: Before experimental application, out of a total of twenty-one 2-month-old Swiss albino mice, T. gondii antibody-free, 14 were infected by intraperitoneal (IP) (n=8) or oral (n=6) inoculation of 2x102 Toxoplasma gondii ME49 oocysts. Four months later, fear-and anxiety-related behavioral changes in infected and healthy control groups were comparatively evaluated with plus-maze test. At the end of the experiment (45 day after inoculation), euthanasia was carried out on all mice and their brains were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically for the presence of T. gondii tissue cysts. Results: Infected mice had low levels of anxiety, they have entered the open arms more frequently and have spent more time in the open arms of the maze compared to controls. Pathologically, in the infected group, high rates of gliosis, perivascular cell infiltration, meningitis, and neuron necrosis were observed especially in the parietal and temporal lobes, cornu ammonis, amygdala, and thalamus compared to the other parts of the brain. A higher number of tissue cyst formations were positively correlated with the lesion severity in these parts of the brain. Conclusion: It can be suggested that, tissue cysts and neuropathological changes in chronically infected mice brains have direct concern with behavioral manipulation which results from low anxiety levels. (Archives of Neuropsychiatry 2012; 49: 139-144)
How is Cognitive Control of a Simple Mental Image Achieved? An fMRI Study
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2008) Kocak, Orhan Murat; Cicek, Metehan
The aim of this study was to determine the brain regions associated with suppressing the image of an object. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during five mental tasks (imagining, suppressing, erasing, free thinking and resting) performed by the subjects. The analysis showed that the suppressing, erasing and imagining conditions all activated the parietal and prefrontal regions to a different extent. These results suggest that the regions associated with cognitive control were also activated while a simple mental process was performed. Additionally, the results showed that the parietal lobe is the key region for the suppression of a mental image.
Impact of the intensity of microemboli on neurocognitive outcome following cardiopulmonary bypass
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2013) Doganci, Suat; Günaydın, Serdar; Kocak, Orhan Murat; Yilmaz, Seyhan; Demirkılıç, Ufuk
Background: This study aimed to determine whether there was any association between the intensity of intraoperative gaseous microembolic signals (GME), neuropsychological testing and clinical outcome in high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery surgery (CABG). Methods: Over a 6-month period, GME activity was monitored in 102 Euroscore 6+ patients during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with a conventional 32-micron arterial filter by non-invasive, real-time ultrasonic device. Cognitive tests; line bisection, the Stroop test, finger tapping, and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test were performed at baseline, postoperative one week and postoperative one month. Results: The distribution of GME activity showed that there were three groups of patients: >500 total emboli (n = 38); 250 to 500 emboli (n = 30) and <250 emboli (n = 34) at a detection level of 2% of the circuit diameter on the arterial side. Line bisection, the Stroop test and finger tapping were impaired significantly in >500 emboli patients versus control (<250 emboli) in postoperative week one, but resolved in one month. Conclusions: Correlation between intraoperative GME intensity and neurocognitive tests suggests that the level of GME might have a role in determining the psychological outcome after CABG with CPB.
Impulsivity in euthymic bipolar disorder patients and relation with age at onset of the disorder
(Yerkure Tanitim & Yayincilik Hizmetleri A S, 2015) Celikeloglu, Gamze; Buturak, Sadiye Visal; Rezaki, Hatice Ozdemir; Gunes, Aslihan; Kocak, Orhan Murat; Nazli, Serif Bora
Objective: Bipolar disorder is a serious disease that causes loss of functionality and disability. Impulsivity, which has been defined as making plans and take action without thinking is divided into two components: state impulsivity and trait impulsivity. Although trait impulsivity is the component of impulsivity that remains constant at different episodes of the disorder, state impulsivity is the changing part due to the state of the disorder. In this study we aimed to test the hypothesis that the impulsivity is statistically higher in patients with bipolar disorders than normal controls when the impact of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was controlled. Method: Fifty-three patients with bipolar disorder were taken to the study. Age and sex matched 52 individuals who had not any history of psychiatric illness lifetime included in the study as a control group. Diagnoses were confirmed by an experienced psychiatrist with using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV according to the DSM-IV -TR. SKIP-TURK form was used to collect socio demographic data and information associated with the illness. Wender Utah Rating Scale, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11 (BIS-11) was applied to the patients and the control group. Results: There was no significantly difference between the patients and control groups in terms of Wender Utah rating scales average scores and the ratio of the individuals who had higher scores from the cut-off point. This study, which aimed to show the impulsivity in bipolar disorder is trait, demonstrated that Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11 score was significantly higher in euthymic bipolar disorder patients than the control group. The negative correlation was also found in this study between age at onset and attention, motor, non-planning subscale scores in Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11. Discussion: Eliminating the effect of impulsivity seen in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder that often accompanies bipolar disorders, these results indicate that the impulsivity in euthymic bipolar disorder patients is significantly higher than the control group. Determination of the higher impulsivity in euthymic bipolar disorder patients than the control group and the negative correlation between the age at onset and impulsivity levels shows that the impulsivity in bipolar disorder has a trait component in addition to state.
Magical ideation associated social cognition in adolescents: signs of a negative facial affect recognition deficit
(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2015) Canli, Derya; Ozdemir, Hatice; Kocak, Orhan Murat
Background: Studies provide evidence for impaired social cognition in schizotypy and its association with negative symptoms. Cognitive features related to magical ideation a component of the positive dimension of schizotypy have been less investigated. We aimed to assess social cognitive functioning among adolescents with high magical ideation scores, mainly focusing on face and emotion recognition. Methods: 22 subjects with magical ideation scale scores above the cut off level and 22 controls with lowest scores from among 250 students screened with this scale were included in the study. A face and emotion recognition n-back test, the empathy quotient, theory of mind tests and the Physical Anhedonia Scale were applied to both magical ideation and control groups. Results: The magical ideation group performed significantly worse than controls on both face and emotion recognition tests. Emotion recognition performance was found to be affected by memory load, with sadness, among emotions, revealing a difference between the two groups. Empathy and theory of mind tests did not distinguish the magical ideation group from controls. Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence for a deficit in negative emotion recognition affected by memory load associated with magical ideation in adolescents. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The relationship between self-stigma due to seeking psychological help and social/cultural intelligence in medical students
(Yerkure Tanitim & Yayincilik Hizmetleri A S, 2016) Cakan, Ergul; Buturak, Sadiye Visal; Ozcicek, Gamze; Kocak, Orhan Murat; Rezaki, Hatice Ozdemir; Ozpolat, Ayse Gul Yilmaz; Oguzturk, Omer
Objective: In this study it was aimed to investigate the relationship between social and cultural intelligence and self-stigma that was defined as a hallmark of shame, disgrace or disapproval by World Health Organization. Method: Tromso Social Intelligence Scale (TSIS), Cultural Intelligence Scale (CIS), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSS) and Self-Stigma of Seeking Psychological Help Scale (SSPHS) were applied to the 1st, 4th, and 6th grade medical students who agreed to participate in the study. Results: Significantly positive corelation between SSPHS scores and LSAS scores, negative correlation between SSPHS scores and TSIS, CIC scores were found in this study. Furthermore, it was found that TSIS scores were predicting the SSPHS scores significantly, albeit weakly. Conclusions: It was shown that self-stigma had a negative effect on functionality as social stigma. Further research studies are needed to examine the factors that influence self-stigma in healthy and psychiatric patient cohorts. This study showed that social intelligence had an important effect on self-stigma.
A video-based eye pupil detection system for diagnosing bipolar disorder
(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2013) Akinci, Gokay; Polat, Ediz; Kocak, Orhan Murat
Eye pupil detection systems have become increasingly popular in image processing and computer vision applications in medical systems. In this study, a video-based eye pupil detection system is developed for diagnosing bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is a condition in which people experience changes in cognitive processes and abilities, including reduced attentional and executive capabilities and impaired memory. In order to detect these abnormal behaviors, a number of neuropsychological tests are also designed to measure attentional and executive abilities. The system acquires the position and radius information of eye pupils in video sequences using an active contour snake model with an ellipse-fitting algorithm. The system also determines the time duration of the eye pupils looking at certain regions and the duration of making decisions during the neuropsychological tests. The tests are applied to 2 different groups consisting of people with bipolar disorder (bipolar group) and people without bipolar disorder (control group) in order to mathematically model the people with bipolar disorder. The mathematical modeling is performed by using the support vector machines method. It is a supervised learning method that analyzes data and recognizes patterns for classification. The developed system acquires data from the being tested and it classifies the person as bipolar or nonbipolar based on the learned mathematical model.

Yazar "Kocak, Orhan Murat" seçeneğine göre listele

Sayfa Başına Sonuç

Sıralama seçenekleri