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Öğe Central nervous system and skull malformations associated with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus in a calf(Ankara Univ Press, 2012) Atmaca, Hasan Tarik; Dincel, Gungor Cagdas; Kumandas, Ali; Kul, Oguz; Orhan, Ismail OnderIn this study, cranial anomalies, hydranencephaly and cerebellar hypoplasia were reported macroscopically, microscopically and immunohistochemically in a calf. A relationship between Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus infection and malformations associated with central nervous system lesions were demonstrated.Öğe Comparison of Propofol-Remifentanil and Propofol-Fentanyl Anesthesia During Ovariohysterectomy in Dogs(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2013) Kurum, Baris; Pekcan, Zeynep; Kalender, Hakan; Kumandas, Ali; Can Mutan, Oya; Elma, ErtugrulThe aim of the study was to evaluate the cardiorespiratory and clinical effects of propofol and remifentanil anesthesia compared to propofol and fentanyl anesthesia during ovariohysterectomy in dogs. Sixteen healthy dogs were randomly assigned to two groups. After premedication with atropine, anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with the infusion of propofol at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/min. Once stable anesthesia was achieved, 1 mu g/kg remifentanil or 2 mu g/kg fentanyl was administered intravenously, and infusion was begun at a dose of 0.6 mu g/kg/min and 0.5 mu g/kg/min, respectively. Cardiorespiratory variables were recorded after propofol administration combined with remifentanil or fentanyl at 10-min intervals, and the quality of anesthesia, return of spontaneous ventilation, head lift and sternal position were also recorded. Apnea was observed after remifentanil and fentanyl administration in all dogs. Heart rate, systolic and mean arterial blood pressures tended to decrease rapidly after remifentanil and fentanyl administration, and during the first 20 min, in both groups. Although the difference between times was significant, the difference between groups was statistically insignificant. Recovery periods were longer in the fentanyl group than in the remifentanil group. The administration of propofol with remifentanil or fentanyl provides a stable haemodynamic state and depth of anesthesia with a constant infusion, and remifentanil could be preferred to fentanyl when aiming a rapid recovery period.Öğe Comparison of sevoflurane and isoflurane effects on cardiovascular and respiratory system during spontaneous ventilation in Angora goats(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2015) Kumandas, Ali; Elma, ErtugrulSeven healthy Angora goats were used to compare the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems during anesthesia periods. Once anesthesia was induced with propofol at 5.1 +/- 0.9 mg/kg, it was maintained with isoflurane at 1%-3% in the first treatment period and sevoflurane at 2%-4% in the second treatment period after a 15-day interval. Heart rates measured immediately after anesthesia induction and 5 min later were found to be statistically significant between anesthetic groups (P < 0.05). Mean blood pressure in the isoflurane group decreased (75.7 +/- 7.2 to 59.8 +/- 9.8 mmHg) (P < 0.05) throughout the anesthesia period. It was determined that respiratory rate in sevoflurane treatment was lower than that in isoflurane treatment. In terms of time to stand up, sevoflurane-administered animals recovered significantly faster than animals intubated with isoflurane anesthesia (13.1 +/- 4.4 and 25.0 +/- 8.6 min) (P < 0.05). According to cardiopulmonary values, the respiratory rate was lower in the sevoflurane-applied animals compared to that of those receiving isoflurane anesthesia, although the difference was not statistically significant, and hypercapnia were not observed in either group. Consequently, it was determined that in the Angora goat, propofol-sevoflurane anesthesia exerts lower pressure on the cardiovascular system than isoflurane anesthesia. At the same time, recovery from sevoflurane anesthesia was shorter, and therefore it can be preferred to other anesthesia agents for routine anesthesia.Öğe Comparison of the Efficacy of Gutta-percha and Thermafil in Endodontic Treatment in Dogs(Academic Journals Inc, 2011) Pekcan, Zeynep; Kurum, Baris; Gurkan, Mehmet; Kumandas, Ali; Karsli, Birkan; Elma, ErtugrulEndodontic treatment is performed to save periodontally intact teeth with pulpal inflammation, infection or necrosis. There are some endodontic filling materials used in dogs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical application of two different root canal treatments with thermafil and gutta-percha, in dogs. Nineteen tooth roots were treated in 11 dogs. The treated teeth comprised of six first incisors, five second incisors, three third incisors and five canine teeth. Root canal treatment was decided to be performed after clinical and radiological examination. The depth of the gingival sulcus, dental mobility, haemorrhage after probing and change of tooth colour were assessed and periapical lesions and root resorption were evaluated after dental radiographic examination. In clinical examination, exposed dental pulp, dental mobility, discoloration and fracture were recorded in 14, 3, 6 and 4 teeth, respectively. Periapical lesions were recorded in 4 teeth and root resorption was determined in 2 teeth during dental radiological examination. The root canal was filled with gutta-percha in 12 tooth roots and with thermafil in 7 tooth roots. Afterwards, access openings were closed with a composite resin. Of the 12 tooth roots obturated with gutta-percha, 4 were filled with 55 mm long-gutta-percha plugs manufactured specifically for carnivores and the others were obturated with commercially available 25 mm-long gutta-percha plugs. Both techniques were observed to be applicable; however, obturation with thermafil proved to be much easier. As regards the time needed for application, thermafil was applied within shorter periods compared to gutta-percha. However, the results obtained showed that, instead of using gutta-percha cones and a file of the same size, it would be better to prefer a smaller size thermafil cone to obturate the full length of the root canal.Öğe Effects of Algan Hemostatic Agent on bleeding time in a rat tail hemorrhage model(TURKISH ASSOC TRAUMA EMERGENCY SURGERY, 2020) Totuk, Ozgan Melike Gedar; Guzel, Sevket Ergun; Ekici, Husamettin; Kumandas, Ali; Aydingoz, Selda Emre; Yilmaz, Enis Cagatay; Kirdan, TaylanBACKGROUND: Algan Hemostatic Agent (AHA) is a multi-herbal extract containing a standardized amount of Achillea millefolium, Juglans regia, Lycopodium clavatum, Rubus caesius or Rubis fruciosus, Viscum album, and Vitis vinifera, each of which is effective in hemostasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of AHA on bleeding time in a rat tail hemorrhage model. METHODS: Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats (5-7 weeks old, 180-210 g) were randomly and equally allocated to six groups as follows: heparin plus saline (heparinized control), heparin plus AHA-soaked sponge, heparin plus liquid form of AHA, saline (non-heparinized control), AHA-soaked sponge and liquid form of AHA. Heparin (640 IU/kg) was administered intraperitoneally three times a day for three days in heparinized groups. For the bleeding model, the tail of rats was transected. According to the study group, either saline- or AHA-soaked sponge or liquid form of AHA was applied over the hemorrhage area. In AHA- or saline-soaked sponge groups, once the bleeding time had started, it was checked every 10 seconds. If the bleeding did not stop after 40 seconds, it was accepted as a failure. In liquid AHA group, the duration of bleeding was measured using a chronometer and defined as the time (seconds) from wounding until the bleeding stopped. RESULTS: Bleeding time in the heparinized and non-heparinized control groups was over 40 seconds. After applying the sponge form of AHA on the wound area, bleeding time was significantly shortened to less than 20 seconds in both heparinized and non-heparinized rats (p<0.001 for both). The liquid form of AHA stopped bleeding in 5.0 +/- 1.2 seconds and 8.0 +/- 1.3 seconds in heparinized and non-heparinized groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: AHA is a highly effective topical hemostatic agent in a rat tail hemorrhage model, thus may provide for a unique clinically effective option for control of bleeding during surgical operations or other emergencies.Öğe Effects of Halothane and Isoflurane Anaesthesia on Antioxidant Enzymes in Dogs(Medwell Online, 2010) Yarsan, Ender; Gurkan, Mehmet; Pekcan, Zeynep; Ince, Sinan; Kumandas, AliFree radicals, along with the impairment of biological membranes and cellular structures and increased biological activity, come out with the results of the changes in the activity of the enzymes followed by the damages of cellular function and metabolism This condition was attributed to the initiation effects of anaeshetics and other drugs which are used throughout the general anaesthesia General anaesthesia which is constructed with using many drugs which have various physicochemical structures is a condition affecting lipid peroxidation in the organism directly or indirectly In the frame of the study, the effects of halothane and isoflurane used in the anaesthesia on Malonyldialdehyde (MDA) concentration were investigated The study was carried out on 14 dogs with various breeds, ages and sexes which were admitted to Kirikkale University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and with various signs of complaint and determined as healthy according to the clinical and haemotological examination In the experiment, halothane (1-2 5%) and isoflurane (1-3%) were investigated as the anaesthetic substances Diazepam (0 3 mg kg(-1), IM) was administered as preanesthesia and thiopenthal sodium (10 mg kg(-1), IV) was administered for the induction of anesthesia to dogs Halothane and isoflurane were administered to the dogs in the first and second group, respectively The duration of anaesthesia was determined as 60 mm Five blood samples were taken from the animals at the time prior to premedication, immediately before the gas anaesthesia, after 1 h of the initiation of anaesthesia, 3 and 24 h after the end of anaesthesia into the heparinated tubes Malonyldialdehyde levels were measured in plasma During the experimental period, body temperatures, heart rate, respiration rate and blood oxygen saturation values were recorded Malondialdehyde levels measured during the halothane anaesthesia were numerically lower than those determined in isoflurane anaesthesia in same time period However, they reached the same levels prior to the anaesthesia within 24 h m both groups The differences between the two groups were statistically insignificant (p>0 05) Additionally, there were no significant differences in body temperature, heart rate, respiration rate and blood oxygen saturation values between the anaesthethic drugs Results of the comparisons of time and drug type showed that anaesthesia procedures using both halothane and isoflurane did not have any negative effect on the oxidative metabolism in dogsÖğe The Effects of Ketoprofen and Meloxicam on Bone Healing in Rat Model: A Comparative Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Study(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Kurum, Baris; Pekcan, Zeynep; Karsli, Birkan; Kumandas, Ali; Elma, ErtugrulPain control is a common clinical approach in trauma and postoperative care especially complicated orthopedic surgeries to ease the deleterious effects of pain. Various kinds of pain killers have been used, and nowadays nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly used drugs for pain control purposes. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthetase, also commonly called cyclooxygenase (COX), is one of the key enzymes in prostaglandin bio-synthesis. The COX enzymes have subgroups of enzymes, each of which suppresses different inflammatory mediators. These enzymes are involved in different functions, some of which are essential for continuity of physiological processes. Thus, NSAIDs are expected not to cause any change of functions of some enzymes while suppressing others. Among the COX enzymes, COX-1 is associated with gastrointestinal system functions and gastrointestinal mucosa while COX-2 is associated with inflammation and pain. Like most drugs, NSAIDs have known and possible side effects. In various studies related to NSAIDs, inhibitory effects of conventional NSAIDs with non-selective effects and specific COX-2 inhibitors on bone healing have been reported. In this study, the effects of ketoprofen and meloxicam on bone fracture healing induced in 24 adult male Wistar rats was studied by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). The results indicates that meloxicam inhibits the fracture healing to some degree.Öğe Investigation of the effectiveness of algan hemostatic agent in bleeding control using an experimental partial splenectomy model in rats(Marmara Univ, Fac Medicine, 2019) Midi, Ahmet; Ekici, Husamettin; Kumandas, Ali; Durmus, Omercan; Bodic, Buse; Tiryaki, Mehmet; Yesilada, ErdemObjective: Algan hemostatic agent (AHA) is a plant-based hemostatic agent produced in Turkey. Although, there is a great improvement in the hemostatic technologies, more effective hemostatic products are required to be produced. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of AHA in a partial splenectomy model in rats. In addition, in this model, postoperative abdominal adhesion was evaluated. Materials and Methods: In this study 5-7 weeks old 64 rats were used. Rats were randomly divided into 8 groups, each consisting of eight rats (4 groups heparinized and 4 groups non-heparinized). Experimental splenectomy was performed and the gauze impregnated with saline was applied to the control group for the hemorrhage control, the gauze impregnated with liquid AHA, gel and powder form of AHA, was applied to the experimental groups. Results: The time to reach complete homeostasis was significantly shorter in all AHA groups compared to the control group. The powder and the gel forms of AHA stopped the bleeding in heparinized and non-heparinized groups in 1 second. The AHA fluid (sponge) form stopped the bleeding in the first application in the control group less than 10 seconds and the second time application was not necessary. The bleeding was able to be controlled in the heparinized control group (saline impregnated sponge) by 55 seconds and in the non-heparinized control group by 38 seconds. Conclusion: This study showed that AHA is a highly effective hemostatic agent, which would be beneficial in controlling hemorrhage.
