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    Could erythropoietin reduce the ovarian damage of cisplatin in female rats?
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Sayan, Cemile Dayangan; Tulmac, Ozlem Banu; Karaca, Gokhan; Ozkan, Zehra Sema; Yalcin, Selim; Devrim, Tuba; Badem, Nermin Dindar
    The aim of this study is to investigate whether erythropoietin (EPO) can reduce the ovarian damage of cisplatin or not. Thirty, female, Wistar-Albino rats were used in the study. Control group (N=10): Intraperitoneal saline infusion, Cisplatin group (N=10): Intraperitoneal 7mg/kg cisplatin, Cisplatin+EPO group (N=10): Intraperitoneal 7mg/kg cisplatin and subcutaneous 200IU/kg/day EPO. Serum AMH concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit of AMH. Follicular counts were evaluated according to mean diameter of the follicles. Ovarian damage; including follicular cell degeneration, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, and inflammation was scored histologically using a graduated scale. Posttreatment AMH levels of cisplatin group were significantly lower than control and cisplatin+EPO groups. In cisplatin group, there was a significant decrement in posttreatment AMH level compared to pretreatment AMH level. The total damage score of cisplatin group was significantly higher than scores of control and cisplatin+EPO groups. The mean primordial follicle counts of control and cisplatin+EPO groups were significantly higher than that of cisplatin group (p=.007 and p=.003). The results of this study revealed that EPO administration to cisplatin chemotherapy could ameliorate the ovarian damage. Erythropoietin administration to chemotherapeutic agents might suggest to protect ovarian failure and infertility.
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    The impact of plasma SOCS3 levels and endometrial leukocytes on unexplained infertility
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2018) Ozkan, Zehra Sema; Deveci, Derya; Akpolat, Nusret; Ilhan, Fulya; Simsek, Mehmet; Timurkan, Huseyin
    Background/aim: To investigate the possible differences in endometrial leukocyte subtype distribution between women with unexplained infertility and normal fertile women and to determine whether there is a correlation between endometrial leukocyte counts and plasma cytokine levels in unexplained infertility. Materials and methods: This case-control study involved 79 infertile and 40 fertile women. Peripheral venous blood samples and endometrial samples were obtained on day 21 of the menstrual cycle. Plasma interleukin-4 (IL4), IL6, IL10, IL17, IL35, interferongamma (IFN-g), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b), and suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3) levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Endometrial CD8, CD56, and CD163 counts were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: CD8 and CD56 counts were significantly higher, while CD163 count was significantly lower in infertile women than in fertile women. Plasma SOCS3, IL35, and IL4 levels of the infertile group were significantly lower than those of the fertile group (P < 0.01); the remaining cytokine levels were significantly higher in the infertile group than in the fertile group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: We observed aberrant cytotoxic immune activity in infertile women. The interaction between plasma SOCS3 levels and staining degree of endometrial leukocytes may be either the reason for or result of infertility leading to unavailability of the environment for implantation.
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    Ovarian stimulation modalities in poor responders
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2019) Ozkan, Zehra Sema
    In a group of IVF/ICSI cycles, despite the appropriate ovarian stimulation, the number of oocytes collected is below the expected value. This condition is defined as poor ovarian response (POR) to stimulation. POR brings the risk of cycle cancellation with an estimated rate of 20%. Infertility experts are trying to improve cycle outcomes of POR cases with multiple modifications. This review article will present the latest modifications on the management of POR. The studies performed for improving cycle outcome in POR cases were evaluated and their notable results were presented. The first intervention among infertility specialists is to make a standard definition for POR. The BOLOGNA criteria and the subsequent POSEIDON group definitions are the latest updates in POR management. GnRH antagonists, estradiol priming, double stimulation, letrozole administration, DHEA, and herbal therapy supplementations are the recent modifications done to improve oocyte retrieval and subsequent embryo transfer for POR cases. This review article presents the encouraging methods applied for POR cases to improve cycle outcome.
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    Research of MFG-E8, OPG and SOCS-3 on preeclampsia
    (Amer Assoc Immunologists, 2016) Ilhan, Fulya; Atabay, Hatice; Ozkan, Zehra Sema; Doni, Nebiye Yentur; Can, Sevim Tuncer
    Preeclampsia is a specific disease and closely associated with systemic inflammatory response. The aim of this study is research to possible role of some inflammatory factors and the controlling factor in inflammation in the etiology of preeclampsia or reflection of this situation on placental tissue. Three parameters were included in the study regarded as potential risk factors: Milk Fat Globul Epidermal Growth Factor-8 (MFG-E8); is an endometrial epithelial proteins and regulates inflammation and apoptosis. MFG-E8 is an important in the development of endometrium and chorionic villus. Osteoprotegerin (OPG); is pro-angiogenic factor, it can be important for plasental angiogenesis. Suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 Receptor (SOCS-3) has a role on prevents the inflammation. Serum and placental tissue samples were used as materials. Control group is composed of 50 healthy women volunteers with no history of preeclampsia and 28–34th weeks of pregnancy. The experimental group consisted 40 preeclamptic women in 28–34th week of pregnancy. All of the measurement analyzed through the ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Analysis) method and findings evaluated comparatively. MFG-E8, SOCS-3 and OPG levels analysed with ELISA in the serum and placental tissue. OPG levels in serum raised and displayed statistically significant difference with respect to control group (p<0.01). In respect to the serum MFG-E8 and SOCS-3 are not observed any difference between two groups. MFG-E8 tissue levels are statistically significantly low in preeclamptic group with respect to healthy control group and that there is no changes in the levels of SOCS-3 (p<0.01).
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    What is the effect of the early follicular phase FSH/LH ratio on the number of mature oocytes and embryo development?
    (TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY, 2020) Arat, Ozgur; Deveci, Derya; Ozkan, Zehra Sema; Tuncer Can, Sevim
    Background/aim: Basal level of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing le (LH), estradiol (E2), and antral follicle count are used as predictors of ovarian reserve before starting ovulation induction. e aimed to investigate the predictor potential of early fbllictilar phase FSH/LH ratio on controlled ovarian hyperstimulation-intrac Aasmic sperm injection (COH-ICSI) cycle outcomes. Materials and methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted with 648 COH-ICSI cycles pertbrmed between 2012 and 2014. Cycles were classified according to their basal FSH/LH ratio, group 1(01) = FSH/LH ratio < 2, N = 473 and group 2(G2) = FSH/LH ratio 2, N = 175. Demographic characteristics and stimulation parameters were evaluated. Retrieved total oocyte count (TO C), mature oocyte count (MOO, transferred embryo number, and pregnancy results were obtained and transferred to computer by SPSS 21.0 programme. Results: TOC and \1O( of G1 were signilieantly higher than those of '2 "l he total gonadotrophin doses of 02 were significantly higher than 0l. "I here was no significant difference between groups for transferred embryo number. Pregnancy and live birth rates were similar in both groups. Conclusion. In our population, increased FSH/LH ratio did not affect he rates of pregnancy and live birth negatively.
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    What is the protective effect of metformin on rat ovary against ischemia-reperfusion injury?
    (Wiley, 2018) Sayan, Cemile Dayangan; Karaca, Gokhan; Ozkan, Zehra Sema; Tulmac, Ozlem B.; Isik, Asli Ceylan; Devrim, Tuba; Yeral, Ilkin
    AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of metformin on the rat ovary against ischemia-reperfusion injury. MethodsThirty-seven female Wistar albino rats were used in the study. The rats were divided into five groups, as follows: sham operation group (group 1); torsion group (group 2); torsion/detorsion+saline group (group 3); torsion/detorsion+low-dose metformin group (group 4); and torsion/detorsion+high-dose metformin group (group 5). The right ovary from each rat was evaluated histologically using hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the left ovaries were evaluated for tissue levels of the reduced-glutathione-to-oxidized-glutathione ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), and caspase-3 activation. ResultsThe highest damage score was observed in group 3, and the lowest score was observed in group 1. The tissue caspase-3 activity levels of groups 2, 3, and 4 were significantly higher than those of group 1. The difference between group 1 and group 5 in terms of tissue caspase-3 activity was not significant (P=0.4). The reduced-glutathione-to-oxidized-glutathione ratio of group 1 was significantly higher than the ratios found in groups 2, 3, and 4. The tissue MDA level of group 1 was significantly lower than the levels found in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5. The tissue MDA level of group 5 was significantly lower than the levels in groups 3 and 4. ConclusionFrom both histopathological and biochemical analyses, the results of the study demonstrated that metformin has beneficial effects when it comes to attenuating ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury.