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    Effects of Amantadine on Liver and Lung Tissue in Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats
    (Gazi Univ, Fac Med, 2023) Sahin, Fatih; Tuna, Ayca Tas; Unal, Yusuf; Arslan, Mustafa; Yazar, Hayrullah; Sezen, Saban Cem; Gozukara, Sezen Irmak
    Background: N-Methyl D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor blockers have been shown to have protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in various tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of amantadine on liver and lung tissue in hepatic I/R injury. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four rats divided into 4 groups: the Sham Group (S), the Amantadine Group (A), the I/R Group (I/R) and the I/R + Amantadine Group (I/R-A). In Group A and Group I/R-A, 45 mg/kg of amantadine was administered before surgery. In Group I/R and Group I/R-A, an atraumatic vascular clamp was applied to the structures in the left portal triad for 45 minutes and reperfusion period was 2 hours after declampage. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme levels were were studied in liver and lung tissues. Additionally tissues were examined histopathologically. Results: No significant difference was observed in tissue MDA, SOD, and CAT levels among four groups (p >0.05). Polymorphonuclear cell infiltration and the scores of hepatocyte degeneration, sinusoidal dilatation, pycnotic core, and necrosis cell were significantly higher in Group I/R than other groups (p<0.05). Regarding to the lung tissue, the neutrophil/lymphocyte infiltration score was significantly lower in Group S and A than in Group I/R (respectively; p= 0.007, 0.011), and it was significantly higher in Group I/R-A than in Group S (p = 0.014). The alveolar wall thickening score was significantly higher in Group I/R than the other groups (p <0.0001). Conclusion: Amantadine may have a protective effect against I/R damage, as it reduces histopathological changes caused by I/R damage.
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    The Effects of High Dose Sugammadex on Rat Kidney Tissue Following Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction
    (Gazi Univ, Fac Med, 2018) Dogrul, Fikriye; Bozkirli, Fusun; Sezen, Saban Cem; Arpaci, Hande; Boyunaga, Hakan; Arslan, Mustafa; Unal, Yusuf
    Background: Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is commonly used model showed to imitate process of obstructive nephropathy in a feasible. The aim of this study is to evaluate the histopathological and biochemical effects of high doses sugammadex on kidney tissue of the rats those have early and late phase renal failure induced by UUO. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five study groups. Control Group(C), UUO for 1 week Group(UUO-1), UUO-1 week treated with rocuronium and 96mg.kg(-1) Sugammadex Group(UUO-1 week-96S), UUO for 3 weeks Group(UUO-3) and UUO-3 weeks treated with rocuronium and 96mg.kg(-1 )Sugammadex Group(UUO-3 week-96S). The blood samples are stored at -20 degrees and MDA and NO were studied in the serum. Kidney tissue was removed for histopathological examination. Results: In the histopathological examination of all parameters (glomerular vacuolization(GV), tubular dilatation(TD), Vascular vacuolisation and hypertrophy(VVH), tubular cell degeneration and necrosis(TCDN), Bowman's space dilatation(BSD), tubular hyaline cylinders(THC), lymphocyte infiltration(LI), tubular cell sloughing(TCS), significant difference was observed for the kidney at the obstruction side. After 3 weeks, in the side of the all unobstructed groups' kidney tissues, significantly higher GV scores were detected compared with the GroupC. TD was observed more for the UUO1, UUO3 and UUO3S groups when compared with GroupC. And TCDN was observed more for the UUO1S and UUO3S groups when compared with GroupC. When the groups were compared with each other; it is observed that MDA and NO enzyme activities of UUO1S, UUO3 and UUO3S groups were significantly difference GroupC. Conclusion: High dose of sugammadex (96 mg.kg(-1)) can be used safely in UUO cases, on the other hand significant attention should be paid in bilateral ureteral obstruction cases. Our findings may be a guide for future animal and human studies investigating the effects of sugammadex on kidney tissue.
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    Effects of the general anaesthetic agent, propofol, on erythrocyte deformability
    (Comenius Univ, 2010) Arslan, Mustafa; Comu, Faruk Metin; Isik, Berrin; Unal, Yusuf; Cekmen, Nedim; Kurtipek, Omer
    Objectives: Propofol is an anesthetic agent frequently used for sedation and general anesthesia. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of propofol, a general anesthetic, on erythrocyte deformability in rats. Methodology: The study was performed on 20 male and 20 female rats, with 10 rats in each study group and 10 rats in each control group. The rats in the study group were administered propofol (150 mg.kg(-1)) intraperitoneally, and the rats in the control group were administered SF. Erythrocyte packs were prepared using heparinized total blood samples. Deformability measurements were done by erythrocyte suspensions in PBS buffer. A constant flow filtrometer system was used to measure erythrocyte deformability, and the relative resistance was calculated. Results: The use of propofol resulted in the increase in the relative resistance, which is an indicator for the erythrocyte deformability in both male and female rats (p=0.002, p=0.042, respectively). Conclusion: A negative change in the erythrocyte deformability may cause a functional deterioration in blood flow and tissue perfusion (Fig. 1, Ref. 23). Full Text (Free, PDF) www.bmj.sk.
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    The effects of amantadine on lung tissue in lower limb ischemia/reperfusion injury model in rats
    (Baycinar Medical Publ-Baycinar Tibbi Yayincilik, 2021) Orhan, Mustafa; Tuna, Ayca Tas; Unal, Yusuf; Arslan, Mustafa; Yazar, Hayrullah; Sezen, Saban Cem; Gozukara, Sezen Irmak
    Background: This study aims to evaluate the effect of amantadine on lung tissue of after lower limb ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Methods: A total of 24 Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups including six rats in each: sham group (Group S), amantadine group (Group A), ischemia/reperfusion group (Group I/R), and ischemia/reperfusion + amantadine group (Group I/R-A). All groups underwent a midline abdominal incision. In Groups I/R and I/R-A, the infrarenal abdominal aorta was clamped for 120 min and, then, reperfused for 120 min after removal of the clamp. Amantadine hydrochloride 45 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally to the rats of Groups A and Group I/R-A 15 min before surgery. At the end of reperfusion period (240 min), all rats were sacrificed, and their lung tissues were obtained. Lung tissue catalase and superoxide dismutase activities and glutathione S-transferase and malondialdehyde levels were analyzed. Lung tissues were examined histopathologically. Results: Catalase activity was lower in Groups A, I/R, and I/R-A compared to Group S. Superoxide dismutase activity was higher in Group I/R than Group S. Superoxide dismutase activity in Groups I/R-A and A decreased, compared to Groups S and I/R. Glutathione S-transferase levels decreased in Groups I/R and A, compared to Group S. Glutathione S-transferase levels in Group I/R-A were higher than Groups I/R and A. The highest level of malondialdehyde was found in Group I/R and the lowest level was found in Group I/R-A. According to histopathological examination, infiltration scores were significantly lower in Group S than Groups I/R and I/R-A (p=0.009 and p=0.011, respectively). The alveolar wall thickening scores in Group I/R were also significantly higher than Groups S and Group A (p=0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Lung tissue can be affected histopathologically by ischemia/ reperfusion injury and this injury can be reversed by amantadine administration.
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    The Effects of Esmolol on Erythrocyte Deformability in Rat Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
    (Gazi Univ, Fac Med, 2021) Sabuncu, Ulku; Kucuk, Aysegul; Comu, Faruk Metin; Salman, Nevriye; Kip, Gulay; Unal, Yusuf; Arslan, Mustafa
    Background: Esmolol has protective effects in ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. The purpose of our study was to look into the effects of this which esmolol on erythrocyte deformability in rat liver IR injury model. Materials and Methods: We used 24 Wistar albino rats as subjects in our study. They were divided into 4 groups; randomized control group (group C; n=6), esmolol group 200 mu g/kg/min intravenously (group E; n=6), IR group (group IR; n=6) and IR group with esmolol 200 mu g/kg/min intravenously (group IR-E; n=6). Erythrocyte packs were prepared from heparinized blood samples and deformability measurements were performed. Results: It was discovered that ischemia reperfusion increased the relative resistance when compared to control group (p<0.0001). Erythrocyte deformibility index was found to be higher in IR and IR-E groups compared to control group (p<0.0001, p=0.002, respectively). Esmolol application decreased the erythrocyte deformibiltiy index when compared to control group (p=0.017). Conclusion: In this research, esmolol application has improved the ertyhrocyte deformibity in liver rat IR injury partially. We also found that esmolol had beneficial effects by reversing undesirable effects of IR. Further studies with larger volume are required to support our promising results.