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    Cadmium Induced Changes on Growth Performance, Some Biochemical Parameters and Tissue in Broilers: Effects of Vitamin C and Vitamin E
    (Academic Journals Inc, 2011) Cinar, Miyase; Yigit, A. Arzu; Yalcinkaya, Ilkay; Oruc, Ertan; Duru, Ozkan; Arslan, Metin
    This study was performed to determine the effects of vitamin C (vit C) and vitamin E (vit E) on growth performance, some biochemical parameters and tissue changes in broiler chickens exposed to cadmium (Cd). One hundred twenty, 1-day-old, Ross broiler chicks were divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates and fed with a basal diet (control) or the basal diet supplemented with 60 mg kg(-1) Cd, 60 mg kg(-1) Cd+400 mg kg(-1) vit C, or 60 mg kg(-1) Cd+250 mg kg(-1) vit E for 42 days. Body weight (BW), Body Weight Gain (BWG) and Feed Consumption (FC) were recorded and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated. Plasma were analysed for aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) activities and total protein, total cholesterol and creatinine levels. Cadmium significantly decreased the BW (p<0.001), BWG (p<0.001), FC (p<0.001) and FCR (p<0.05) compared with the control group. Regarding the same groups plasma and kidney Cd (p<0.001) and AST (p<0.05) and GGT activities (p<0.01) were increased. While growth performance were not affected in vit C and vit E supplementated group compared with the Cd-only group, these treatments reduced plasma Cd and GGT activities. Furthermore vit C was more effective in reducing Cd accumulation in kidneys and liver.
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    Co-culture of rat luteal cells with islet cells enhances islet viability and revascularization
    (Springer, 2018) Boyuk, Gulbahar; Yigit, A. Arzu; Aydogan, Ilkay
    Islet cell transplantation is a major treatment strategy for type I diabetes, and has proven to be effective for maintaining glucose homeostasis. However, this treatment requires an extended period of immunosuppression to prevent rejection and recurrent transplantation to maintain function. Thus, to enhance the properties of transplanted islet cells, we examined the effect of the co-culture of luteal cells, which secrete progesterone, on islet cell viability, functionality, and revascularization. It was found that islet viability and functionality were higher in the co-cultured group than in single cultures of islets at 48 and 96 h, in parallel with increased progesterone and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion from luteal cells. In the co-culture groups, VEGF levels at 48 and 96 h and CD31 levels at 48 h were significantly higher than those in the islet groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) levels were increased at 96 h (p < 0.001). Thus, co-culture with luteal cells may increase islet vascularity by enhancing VEGF and bFGF levels for up to 96 h, which could help to markedly increase the pre-transplantation time to allow for effective immunosuppression therapy. This method may also promote islet cell viability and functionality. Progesterone and angiogenic factors secreted from luteal cells may be responsible for these positive effects.
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    Effects of bisphenol A, diethylhexyl phthalate and pentabrominated diphenyl ether 99 on steroid synthesis in cultured bovine luteal cells
    (WILEY, 2020) Kabakci, Ruhi; Yigit, A. Arzu
    Bisphenol A (BPA), diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and pentabrominated diphenyl ether 99 (PBDE 99) are environmental toxicants belonging to the endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). They exert adverse effects on the various physiological systems, especially the reproductive system of humans and animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of BPA, DEHP and PBDE 99 on progesterone (P4) synthesis in cultured bovine luteal cells. The bovine luteal cells isolated from the mid-luteal corpora lutea were exposed to different concentrations of BPA (1, 3, 10 and 30 mu M), DEHP (1, 3, 10 and 30 mu M) and PBDE 99 (0.1, 0.3, 1 and 3 mu M) in a serum-free culture media for 48 and 96 hr. At 48 hr, the P4 level in the luteal cells decreased after treatment with all concentrations of BPA; 3, 10 and 30 mu M of DEHP; and 3 mu M of PBDE 99 compared to the control (p < .05). Treatment of cells with 3-30 mu M of BPA, 1-30 mu M of DEHP and 1-3 mu M of PBDE 99 for 96 hr resulted in reduction in P4 synthesis (p < .05). However, lower concentrations of PBDE 99 (0.1 and 0.3 mu M) increased P4 levels at 48 and 96 hr. Synthesis of P4 was lower at 96 hr compared to the 48 hr in the groups treated with BPA (30 mu M), DEHP (1-30 mu M), PBDE 99 (0.3-3 mu M) and control group. Our results showed that BPA, DEHP and PBDE 99 are able to alter luteal steroidogenesis in bovine cells and can disrupt hormonal balance in the ovary. However, it is necessary to evaluate the exact mechanism underlying these effects in future studies.
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    Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Vitamin C and Vitamin E and Their Combination on Growth Performance, Some Biochemical Parameters, and Oxidative Stress Induced by Copper Toxicity in Broilers
    (Humana Press Inc, 2014) Cinar, Miyase; Yildirim, Ebru; Yigit, A. Arzu; Yalcinkaya, Ilkay; Duru, Ozkan; Kisa, Ucler; Atmaca, Nurgul
    This study investigated effects of dietary supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E on performance, biochemical parameters, and oxidative stress induced by copper toxicity in broilers. A total of 240, 1-day-old, broilers were assigned to eight groups with three replicates of 10 chicks each. The groups were fed on the following diets: control (basal diet), vitamin C (250 mg/kg diet), vitamin E (250 mg/kg diet), vitamin C + vitamin E (250 mg/kg + 250 mg/kg diet), and copper (300 mg/kg diet) alone or in combination with the corresponding vitamins. At the 6th week, the body weights of broilers were decreased in copper, copper + vitamin E, and copper + vitamin C + vitamin E groups compared to control. The feed conversion ratio was poor in copper group. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase activities, iron, copper concentrations, and erythrocyte malondialdehyde were increased; plasma vitamin A and C concentrations and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase were decreased in copper group compared to control. Glutathione peroxidase, vitamin C, and iron levels were increased; aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and copper levels were decreased in copper + vitamin C group, while superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and vitamin E concentrations were increased; aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were decreased in copper with vitamin E group compared to copper group. The vitamin C concentrations were increased; copper, uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and malondialdehyde were decreased in copper + vitamin C + vitamin E group compared to copper group. To conclude, copper caused oxidative stress in broilers. The combination of vitamin C and vitamin E addition might alleviate the harmful effects of copper as demonstrated by decreased lipid peroxidation and hepatic enzymes.
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    Effects of magnesium sulphate on the oxidative stress, biochemical and hematological parameters in pregnant rats with L- NAME induced preeclampsia
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2011) Cinar, Miyase; Yildirim, Ebru; Yigit, A. Arzu; Macun, H. Ceyhun; Duru, Ozkan
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) on some biochemical and hematological parameters, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzymes in pregnant rat model of preeclampsia induced by L-w-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Thirty two pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 equal groups as control, L-NAME (50 mg/kg bw/day), MgSO4 (600 mg/kg bw/day) or L-NAME + MgSO4 (1-4) given groups on the 11(th) day of the pregnancy in their drinking water. The increased blood pressure (BP) was detected on the 12(th) and 19(th) days of pregnancy. Blood samples were collected on the 19(th) day to determine blood oxidative status, some biochemical and hematological parameters. L-NAME decreased erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity, plasma total protein level and increased erythrocyte catalase and glutathion peroxidase activities, BP, plasma malondialdehyde, cholesterol and triglyceride levels, alkaline phophatase activity and white blood cell counts compared to control group. While MgSO4 decreased aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase activities and calcium level, it increased magnesium level compared to control group. Increased BP, plasma cholesterol levels, erythrocyte catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities by L-NAME were decreased by the addition of MgSO4. In conclusion, MgSO4 (600 mg/kg bw/day) may be beneficial in the treatment of preeclampsia by increasing usage of antioxidant enzymes
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    The Effects the Rat Luteal Cells on Islet Cells Revascularization and Immune Response
    (Wiley, 2017) Boyuk, Gulbahar; Yigit, A. Arzu
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