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Assessing the Early Post-Operative Analgesic Effects of Intra-Operative Lidocaine-Bupivacaine Use at the Incision Line and/or Around the Ovary in Ovariohysterectomy Operations of Dogs on Pain Mediators
(Zoological Soc Pakistan, 2024) Ulukan, Gökhan; Pekcan, Zeynep; Sarıtaş, Zülfükar Kadir; Etikan, İlker; Sayiner, Serkan; Zabitler, Feride; Özgencil, Fatma Eser
The present study investigated the effectiveness of intra-operative bupivacaine-lidocaine (BLK) combination administration concurrently with meloxicam, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), on the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale Short Form (GCPS-SF) scores and pain mediators in the early post-operative ovariohysterectomy (OHE) period in 30 female dogs of different breeds and ages divided into three equal groups. OHE is reportedly associated with moderate pain. BLK was administered inside the ovarian bursa 10 min before ovary removal in Groups (G) 1 and G2 and linear to the incision line 10 min before entering the abdomen in G1. G3 was the control group. The intergroup comparison of pain mediators and GCPS-SF scores showed no significant difference between the GCPSSF scores at postop0, postop2, postop4, postop8 and postop24 h and the cortisol, TNF-alpha, IL1-beta and NO levels determined at the same timepoints. TNF-alpha at postop24 h showed a significant positive correlation with the postop0 h GCPS-SF score. NO at postop8 h showed a significant negative correlation with the postop4 h GCPS-SF score. However, since these results were not simultaneous, they were disregarded. Although there was no statistically significant difference in post-operative pain and stress among the three groups, surgical stress was higher in G3, as indicated by high postoperative cortisol levels, which suggested the other two protocols involving BLK to be remarkable. Hence, using G1 and G2 protocols appeared feasible considering the post-operative cortisol stress hormone values. Nevertheless, further studies with larger samples are warranted to confirm these inferences.
Open surgical correction combined with an u-shaped external splint for pectus excavatum in a Scottish fold cat
(Ankara Univ, 2023) Karslı, Birkan; Bakıcı, Merve
A 4 month-old, 1.9 kg, female, Scottish fold cat was brought to Kirikkale University Veterinary Faculty Research and Practice Hospital with complaints of progressive dyspnea and exercise intolerance. Dorsal deformation in the caudal part of the sternum and displacement of the heart into the left hemithorax were determined in the clinical and radiographic examinations. In the measurements made on the radiographic images taken before the operation, the frontosagittal index (FSI) and vertebral index (VI) values were measured as 3.5 and 5.1, respectively. An external splint made of PVC material is fixed to the thorax with suture material passed around the sternebrae, in order to correct the sternal malposition in intraoperative treatment. The patient was followed for 8 weeks after the operation. The external splint was removed five weeks after the operation, and the FSI and VI values were measured as 1.4 and 11.3 on the radiographs, respectively. In the postoperative period, it was observed that the patient's problems such as dyspnea and exercise intolerance disappeared. In animals with bone development yet to be completed, it has been determined that external splint application gives successful results.
Comparison of the effects of zinc-silver cream and Nigella sativa oil on wound healing and oxidative stress in the wound model in rats
(2020) Kumandaş, Ali; Karslı, Birkan; Kürüm, Aytül; Çınar, Miyase; Elma, Ertuğrul
The present study was undertaken to evaluate of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) and zinc-silver cream in a rat model of wound healing by means of clinical appearance, histopathology, oxidative stress parameters, and biomechanical tests. The rats were divided into three groups, each having twenty animals. Group 1 served as a control having wound. Other two groups received either NS oil or zinc-silver cream in addition to the wound. The study was initiated after the animals rested for 2 weeks for acclimation. Blood samples were collected from 10 randomly selected animals from each group at days 0, 3, 7 and 14 for oxidative stress measurements. Differences among groups for blood lipid peroxidation and antioxidant values were determined with respect to biochemical oxidative stress results (P<0.01). Wound sites of 10 animals from each group were allocated for histopathological examinations, and those of the remaining 10 animals from each group were used in biomechanical testing. Histopathological examination revealed that epithelization occurred in all groups. Inflammatory response with an intensive vascularization was present in the samples of the silver group (P<0.01). Consequently, zinc-silver group has differed positively in terms of biochemical and biomechanical and histological aspects compared to other groups for wound healing and oxidative stress.
Buzağılarda uzun kemik kırıklarının Ilızarov tekniği ile sağaltım olanaklarının araştırlıması
(1999) Bilgili, Hasan; Kürüm, Barış; Olcay, Burhanettin
Bu çalışma Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Bilim Dalı Kliniği'ne getirilen 3 adet buzağı üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. 2 olguda parçalı tibia kırığı, bir olguda parçalı metacarpus kırığı saptandı. Olguların belirlenen kırıkları genel anestezi altında Iliz.arov'un sirküler eksternal fikz.asyon sistemi ile sağaltıldılar. Birinci olguda (Olgu no: 1) 150 mm çaplı 3 halkalı, 3 rodlu; 2. olguda 150 mm çaplı proksimal 1. halka 1/2 olmaküzere 3 halkalı, 3 rodlu ve 3. olguda proksimal halka 1/2 olmak üzere ve buna hibrid fikz.asyon amacı ile iki adet 4 numara Schanz vidası ile 3 halkalı, 3 rodlu tliz.arov'un sirküler eksternal fıkzasyon sistemi uygulandı. Olguların apareyi çok iyi talere ettikleri ve reaksiyon göstermedikleri belirlendi. Olgular ekstremitelerini ilk kullanmaya sırasıyla postoperatif 2, 6 ve 5. günlerde başlarken, vücut ağırlıklarını ise postoperatif sırasıyla 15, 20 ve 17. günlerde ekstremitelerine vermeye başladılar. Radyografik takipler sonucunda kırık konsolüdasyonunun olgularda postoperatif sırasıyla 45, 35 ve 48. günlerde tamamlandığı izlendi. Olgulardan aparey sırasıyla postoperatif 60, 45 ve 60. günlerde anestezi uygulanmadan çıkarıldı. Bir olguda (Olgu no:3) pin dibi enfeksiyonu izlenirken, başka bir problem olmadan tüm olgularda tam fonksiyonel iyileşme sağlandı. Sonuç olarak Türkiye'de ilk kez buzağıların uzun kemik kırıklarının sağaltımında Iliz.arov'un sirküler eksternal fikzasyon sistemi kullanıldı ve alınan sonuçlara dayanarak bu sistemin buzağılarda güvenle kullanılabilecek bir sistem olduğu kanısına varıldı
Effects of mesenchymal stem cell and amnion membrane transfer on prevention of pericardial adhesions
(WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH, 2020) Kabalci, Mehmet; Sahin, Mustafa; Pekcan, Zeynep; Zengin, Mehmet; Dogru, Mehmet Tolga; Kisa, Ucler
Background: To investigate and compare the antiadhesive/antifibrotic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and amnion membrane transfer (AMT) in a rat model. Material and methods: Three experimental and sham groups were formed using 30 Wistar-Albino rats. AMT and MSC were applied to the related groups. The control group was not treated. After 12 weeks follow-up, intracardiac blood and cardiac-pericardiac tissue samples were taken. The severity of adhesions and fibrosis were scored macroscopically and microscopically with Hematoxylin/ Eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, IL-1, PDGF, FGF, VEGF and Caspase-3 levels were measured with the ELISA method. Results: Severe adhesions were observed in the AMT and control groups, but no adhesion was present in the MSC group. Pericardial thickness, increased vascularity, fibrosis, and collagen accumulation were similar between control and AMT groups, but were less in Sham and MSC groups. Between MSC and AMT groups, only Caspase-3 level was different, which is an apoptosis marker. Conclusion: The positive effects of MSC on adhesion, which we achieved in our study, suggest that it may prevent adhesion. AMT did not provide a positive effect. The correlation of Caspase-3 with postoperative adhesion/fibrosis should be examined in more detail.
Effects of Algan Hemostatic Agent on bleeding time in a rat tail hemorrhage model
(TURKISH ASSOC TRAUMA EMERGENCY SURGERY, 2020) Totuk, Ozgan Melike Gedar; Guzel, Sevket Ergun; Ekici, Husamettin; Kumandas, Ali; Aydingoz, Selda Emre; Yilmaz, Enis Cagatay; Kirdan, Taylan
BACKGROUND: Algan Hemostatic Agent (AHA) is a multi-herbal extract containing a standardized amount of Achillea millefolium, Juglans regia, Lycopodium clavatum, Rubus caesius or Rubis fruciosus, Viscum album, and Vitis vinifera, each of which is effective in hemostasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of AHA on bleeding time in a rat tail hemorrhage model. METHODS: Forty-eight Sprague Dawley rats (5-7 weeks old, 180-210 g) were randomly and equally allocated to six groups as follows: heparin plus saline (heparinized control), heparin plus AHA-soaked sponge, heparin plus liquid form of AHA, saline (non-heparinized control), AHA-soaked sponge and liquid form of AHA. Heparin (640 IU/kg) was administered intraperitoneally three times a day for three days in heparinized groups. For the bleeding model, the tail of rats was transected. According to the study group, either saline- or AHA-soaked sponge or liquid form of AHA was applied over the hemorrhage area. In AHA- or saline-soaked sponge groups, once the bleeding time had started, it was checked every 10 seconds. If the bleeding did not stop after 40 seconds, it was accepted as a failure. In liquid AHA group, the duration of bleeding was measured using a chronometer and defined as the time (seconds) from wounding until the bleeding stopped. RESULTS: Bleeding time in the heparinized and non-heparinized control groups was over 40 seconds. After applying the sponge form of AHA on the wound area, bleeding time was significantly shortened to less than 20 seconds in both heparinized and non-heparinized rats (p<0.001 for both). The liquid form of AHA stopped bleeding in 5.0 +/- 1.2 seconds and 8.0 +/- 1.3 seconds in heparinized and non-heparinized groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: AHA is a highly effective topical hemostatic agent in a rat tail hemorrhage model, thus may provide for a unique clinically effective option for control of bleeding during surgical operations or other emergencies.
The effects of short term propofol administration on pancreatitis formation in dogs
(Ankara Univ Press, 2017) Pekcan, Zeynep; Karaisaoglu Ongan, Emel Funda
Even the incidence of a drug-induced pancreatitis is rare there are more than 85 different drugs have been reported that induces pancreatitis. FDA have been reported that propofol administration resulted in pancreatitis in 25 human cases. Even though there are several reports pointed out an increase in blood lipid and triglyceride levels after propofol administration, there are no studies investigated the possible association between the use of propofol and consequently occuring pancreatitis in veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible side-effects of propofol administration on pancreatic tissue in dogs. Twenty healty dogs were anesthetized for at least one hour. Bloods were collected to evaluate the serum amylase, lipase, ALP, AST, GGT, cPLI, cholesterol, triglyceride, Ca and glucose levels before and after propofol administration, during recovery period and after 4th and 24th hour. It was recorded that the serum glucose, calcium and triglyceride levels were increased during anesthesia, on the contrary serum amylase, lipase, ALP, AST, GGT, and cholesterol levels were decreased. The alterations in cPLI was insignificant. Clinical evaluation is not revealed any evidence of pancreatitis in neither of the animals. As a result, it was concluded that although the triglyceride levels were found to be elevated during propofol administration, it did not cause any clinical manifestations regarding pancreatic activity.
Investigation of the diagnostic value of serology, cytology and polymerase chain reaction in cat toxoplasmosis
(Ankara Univ Press, 2017) Yasa Duru, Sibel; Kul, Oguz; Babur, Cahit; Deniz, Ahmet; Pekcan, Zeynep; Pir Yagci, Ilknur
Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease affecting most of the mammalian and aviary animals caused by Toxoplasma gondii. In this study, diagnostic values of bronchoalveolar lavage, biopsy and PCR and their practical implementation ways were questioned. The results of the each test were evaluated. Additionally, incidence of toxoplasmosis among seropositive cats were investigated by T. gondii and oocyst shedding screened in the stool samples, as well. The material of the study was constituted by blood, stool and bronchoalveoloar lavage samples taken from totally 102 cats. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples were evaluated for cytologic examination. In PCR analysis, T. gondii B1 primary sets were used and conventional-PCR procedure was applied. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 49 (48,03%) of 102, with titers of 1/16 in 41 (40,19%), 1/64 in 8 (7,84%) cats. Only one cat exhibited systemic toxoplasmosis. In conclusion, although the seroprevalance was 48.03%, systemic toxoplasmosis rate was found 0.98% (1/49) with a lower percentage.
Polylactic acid and polyethylene glycol prevent surgical adhesions
(Comenius Univ, 2016) Ozpolat, B.; Gunal, N.; Pekcan, Z.; Ayva, E. S.; Bozdogan, O.; Gunaydin, S.; Dural, K.
OBJECTIVES: Re-mediastinoscopy could be risky because of adhesions from the previous mediastinoscopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a bio-resorbable barrier on adhesion formation in a re-mediastinoscopy rat model. METHODS: Mediastinal dissection similar to mediastinoscopy was done in twenty-eight rats and a polymeric film comprising of polylactic acid and polyethylene glycol (Repel-cv (R), SyntheMed Inc., NJ, USA) was placed on trachea in the study groups. Group 1 (sham, sacrificed at day 30), Group 2 (single barrier, sacrificed at day 30), Group 3 (single barrier, sacrificed at day 60), Group 4(double layer barrier, sacrificed at day 60). Mediastinal adhesions, degree of inflammation, vascular proliferation, foreign body reaction and fibroblast proliferation was compared. RESULTS: Macroscopic dissection showed significantly dense adhesions in Sham Group and Group 3 (p < 0.05). Histopathologic examination showed that there was a significant difference between groups when the foreign body reaction and fibroblast proliferation was evaluated (p<0.05). No significant difference was present between the groups in terms of inflammation and vascular proliferation (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This unique experimental study showed that adhesion barrier was effective as single layer application at day 30 and double layer application at day 60. At clinical conversion, by the application of barrier, the formation of adhesions might be decreased to provide a safe re-mediastinoscopy (Tab. 2, Fig. 4, Ref. 23). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.
How Can Better Anaesthetic Combinations Be Performed? A Review of Current Knowledge
(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2016) Pekcan, Zeynep
In the ever-developing world, the recent years have brought about a wide range of novelties and significant developments in the fields of veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia. In the not-too-distant past, it was believed that the pain threshold of animals was high and that pain was not felt by animals during surgery, when they were anaesthetised. It was considered that the only analgesic drugs that could be used during operation were non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Today, these suppositions are all accepted as fallacies across the world, and it is well-known that the administration of analgesic drugs should be started in the preoperative period. This article describes pain in animals, how pain perceived by the operated animal can be recognised, and if not treated, to which complications pain may lead. Furthermore, in the last part of the manuscript, complications associated with the use of atropine and alpha 2-agonist combinations, and the adverse effects of anaesthesia-induced hypotension are also explained. This review is intended to provide an insight into recently developed novel practices and to elucidate some main issues, which may be confusing for the veterinary practitioner.
Comparison of two different triple pelvic osteotomy plates for the treatment of hip dysplasia in 23 dogs
(Ankara Univ Press, 2015) Ozdemir, Ozge; Sancak, Irem Gul; Ulusan, Sinan; Kurum, Baris; Bilgili, Hasan
This study was performed on different breeds, age and sex 23 dogs, which were brought with canine hip dysplasia (CHD). All cases separated into randomized two groups. Although Standard Triple Pelvic Osteotomy (TPO) procedure and Standard TPO Plate were applied on the first group (6 cases), in the other (17 cases) Standard TPO procedure and Twisted Dynamic Compression Plate (DCP) plate were applied. Pre and postoperative Norberg-Olsson Angles (NO) was measured by Bs200Pro Software Programme (BsCelik, BAB Digital Imaging System 2007, Ankara, Turkiye) on computer imaging. Although group numbers are not equal we concluded that there were not any considerable difference shown between two groups. Twisted DCP group's evaluation was found to be similar to evaluation of TPO Plate group. Twisted DCP is as effective as original TPO Plate for treatment of canine hip dysplasia.
Comparison of sevoflurane and isoflurane effects on cardiovascular and respiratory system during spontaneous ventilation in Angora goats
(Scientific Technical Research Council Turkey-Tubitak, 2015) Kumandas, Ali; Elma, Ertugrul
Seven healthy Angora goats were used to compare the effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems during anesthesia periods. Once anesthesia was induced with propofol at 5.1 +/- 0.9 mg/kg, it was maintained with isoflurane at 1%-3% in the first treatment period and sevoflurane at 2%-4% in the second treatment period after a 15-day interval. Heart rates measured immediately after anesthesia induction and 5 min later were found to be statistically significant between anesthetic groups (P < 0.05). Mean blood pressure in the isoflurane group decreased (75.7 +/- 7.2 to 59.8 +/- 9.8 mmHg) (P < 0.05) throughout the anesthesia period. It was determined that respiratory rate in sevoflurane treatment was lower than that in isoflurane treatment. In terms of time to stand up, sevoflurane-administered animals recovered significantly faster than animals intubated with isoflurane anesthesia (13.1 +/- 4.4 and 25.0 +/- 8.6 min) (P < 0.05). According to cardiopulmonary values, the respiratory rate was lower in the sevoflurane-applied animals compared to that of those receiving isoflurane anesthesia, although the difference was not statistically significant, and hypercapnia were not observed in either group. Consequently, it was determined that in the Angora goat, propofol-sevoflurane anesthesia exerts lower pressure on the cardiovascular system than isoflurane anesthesia. At the same time, recovery from sevoflurane anesthesia was shorter, and therefore it can be preferred to other anesthesia agents for routine anesthesia.
Characterization and Evaluation of Triamcinolone, Raloxifene, and Their Dual-Loaded Microspheres as Prospective Local Treatment System in Rheumatic Rat Joints
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2014) Ocal, Yigit; Kurum, Baris; Karahan, Siyami; Tezcaner, Aysen; Ozen, Seza; Keskin, Dilek
In this study, injectable microspheres were developed for the local treatment of joint degeneration in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Microspheres loaded with triamcinolone (TA), a corticosteroid drug, and/or raloxifene (Ral), a cartilage regenerative drug, were prepared with a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer, polycaprolactone (PCL). Microspheres were optimized for particle size, structural properties, drug release, and loading properties. In vitro release of Ral was very slow because of the low solubility of the drug and hydrophobic nature of PCL. However, when coloaded with TA, both drugs were released at higher amounts compared with their single forms. Smallest particle sizes were obtained in dual drug-loaded microspheres. In vitro cytotoxicity tests showed biocompatibility of microspheres. In vivo bioefficacy of these microspheres was also examined in adjuvant-induced arthritis model in rats. In vivo histological studies of control groups showed development of RA with high median lesion score (5.0). Compared with control and intra-articular free drug injections, microsphere treatment groups showed lower lesion scores and better healing outcomes in histological evaluations. Results suggest that a controlled delivery system of TA and RAL by a single injection in inflamed joints holds promise for healing and suppressing inflammation. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 103:2396-2405, 2014
Brain targeting of Atorvastatin loaded amphiphilic PLGA-b-PEG nanoparticles
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Simsek, Soner; Eroglu, Hakan; Kurum, Baris; Ulubayram, Kezban
The objective of this study was to develop polysorbate 80 coated and Atorvastatin loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-b-PEG) nanoparticles and to investigate advantages of coating on nanoparticles for brain delivery of Atorvastatin. The nanoparticles were prepared by nanoprecipitation method. The effects of polymer concentration, PEG content and polysorbate 80 coating on the particle size, drug loading efficiency and release behaviour of nanoparticles were investigated. Additionally, cellular uptake and brain targeting of formulated nanoparticles were studied. Particle sizes were in the range of 30-172 nm depending on formulation parameters. Increasing the polymer concentration significantly increased the nanoparticle size. Decreasing the PEG content from 15% to 5% (w/w) in polymer composition increased the nanoparticle size from 69 to 172 nm. Both coated and uncoated polysorbate 80 nanoparticles were effectively internalised within the endothelial cells. Moreover, both types of nanoparticles were able to penetrate the blood brain barrier and reach the maximum in brain 1 h post injection. It was concluded that these nanoparticles are promising nanosystems for treatment of neurological disorders.
Comparison of Propofol-Remifentanil and Propofol-Fentanyl Anesthesia During Ovariohysterectomy in Dogs
(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2013) Kurum, Baris; Pekcan, Zeynep; Kalender, Hakan; Kumandas, Ali; Can Mutan, Oya; Elma, Ertugrul
The aim of the study was to evaluate the cardiorespiratory and clinical effects of propofol and remifentanil anesthesia compared to propofol and fentanyl anesthesia during ovariohysterectomy in dogs. Sixteen healthy dogs were randomly assigned to two groups. After premedication with atropine, anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with the infusion of propofol at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/min. Once stable anesthesia was achieved, 1 mu g/kg remifentanil or 2 mu g/kg fentanyl was administered intravenously, and infusion was begun at a dose of 0.6 mu g/kg/min and 0.5 mu g/kg/min, respectively. Cardiorespiratory variables were recorded after propofol administration combined with remifentanil or fentanyl at 10-min intervals, and the quality of anesthesia, return of spontaneous ventilation, head lift and sternal position were also recorded. Apnea was observed after remifentanil and fentanyl administration in all dogs. Heart rate, systolic and mean arterial blood pressures tended to decrease rapidly after remifentanil and fentanyl administration, and during the first 20 min, in both groups. Although the difference between times was significant, the difference between groups was statistically insignificant. Recovery periods were longer in the fentanyl group than in the remifentanil group. The administration of propofol with remifentanil or fentanyl provides a stable haemodynamic state and depth of anesthesia with a constant infusion, and remifentanil could be preferred to fentanyl when aiming a rapid recovery period.
The Effects of Ketoprofen and Meloxicam on Bone Healing in Rat Model: A Comparative Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Study
(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Kurum, Baris; Pekcan, Zeynep; Karsli, Birkan; Kumandas, Ali; Elma, Ertugrul
Pain control is a common clinical approach in trauma and postoperative care especially complicated orthopedic surgeries to ease the deleterious effects of pain. Various kinds of pain killers have been used, and nowadays nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly used drugs for pain control purposes. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthetase, also commonly called cyclooxygenase (COX), is one of the key enzymes in prostaglandin bio-synthesis. The COX enzymes have subgroups of enzymes, each of which suppresses different inflammatory mediators. These enzymes are involved in different functions, some of which are essential for continuity of physiological processes. Thus, NSAIDs are expected not to cause any change of functions of some enzymes while suppressing others. Among the COX enzymes, COX-1 is associated with gastrointestinal system functions and gastrointestinal mucosa while COX-2 is associated with inflammation and pain. Like most drugs, NSAIDs have known and possible side effects. In various studies related to NSAIDs, inhibitory effects of conventional NSAIDs with non-selective effects and specific COX-2 inhibitors on bone healing have been reported. In this study, the effects of ketoprofen and meloxicam on bone fracture healing induced in 24 adult male Wistar rats was studied by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). The results indicates that meloxicam inhibits the fracture healing to some degree.
Interlocking Nail Stabilization of Canine Femoral Fractures; Clinical Experience and Results of the Nineteen Cases
(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2012) Kurum, Baris
In this study Interlocking nails were used in order to fixate the canine femoral fractures and to examine the effects of the implants on fracture healing, clinically and radipgraphically in 19 dogs. The material of the study consisted 19 dogs of medium-large size, which were brought to Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology because of injuries due to various trauma and consequent diaphyseal femur fractures clinically and radiologically. Following general anaesthesia, the broken extremity was operated, a total of 20 interlocking pins of different sizes were placed. Among the pins used with an appropriate diameter and length, 10 were 8-199 mm, 4 were 8-185 mm, 2 were 8-172, 1 was 8-165, 2 were 6-172 mm and another was 6-160 mm, respectively. In order to lock these pins 46, 3.5 mm diameter screws, with different length were used. It was observed that 1 screw in proximal and 1 screw in distal region, didn't hold in the holes of the pins. Statical nailing was performed in all cases but one. Cases were clinically examined for weight bearing and extremity usage and radiologically, the callus tissue development was monitored. As a result; the idea was that interlocking nailing technique was on alternative to plates by creating enough rigidity, to fixate 1/3 diaphyseal femoral fractures in medium and medium-large breed dogs.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Gutta-percha and Thermafil in Endodontic Treatment in Dogs
(Academic Journals Inc, 2011) Pekcan, Zeynep; Kurum, Baris; Gurkan, Mehmet; Kumandas, Ali; Karsli, Birkan; Elma, Ertugrul
Endodontic treatment is performed to save periodontally intact teeth with pulpal inflammation, infection or necrosis. There are some endodontic filling materials used in dogs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical application of two different root canal treatments with thermafil and gutta-percha, in dogs. Nineteen tooth roots were treated in 11 dogs. The treated teeth comprised of six first incisors, five second incisors, three third incisors and five canine teeth. Root canal treatment was decided to be performed after clinical and radiological examination. The depth of the gingival sulcus, dental mobility, haemorrhage after probing and change of tooth colour were assessed and periapical lesions and root resorption were evaluated after dental radiographic examination. In clinical examination, exposed dental pulp, dental mobility, discoloration and fracture were recorded in 14, 3, 6 and 4 teeth, respectively. Periapical lesions were recorded in 4 teeth and root resorption was determined in 2 teeth during dental radiological examination. The root canal was filled with gutta-percha in 12 tooth roots and with thermafil in 7 tooth roots. Afterwards, access openings were closed with a composite resin. Of the 12 tooth roots obturated with gutta-percha, 4 were filled with 55 mm long-gutta-percha plugs manufactured specifically for carnivores and the others were obturated with commercially available 25 mm-long gutta-percha plugs. Both techniques were observed to be applicable; however, obturation with thermafil proved to be much easier. As regards the time needed for application, thermafil was applied within shorter periods compared to gutta-percha. However, the results obtained showed that, instead of using gutta-percha cones and a file of the same size, it would be better to prefer a smaller size thermafil cone to obturate the full length of the root canal.
Clinical and Surgical Evaluation of Perineal Hernia in Dogs: 41 Cases
(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2010) Pekcan, Zeynep; Besalti, Omer; Sirin, Yusuf Sinan; Caliskan, Murat
The purpose of the study was to report the clinical and surgical records of perineal hernia and associated rectal pathology with epidural morphine analgesia in 41 dogs. Fourty one dogs suffered from perineal hernia were included into the study with the age varied from 4.5 to 16 years. Eleven dogs had bilateral while the other 30 had unilateral (17 right, 13 left) perineal hernia. The clinical signs were perianal swelling (n=41), severe tenesmus (n=19), dyschesia (n=9), proctitis (n=7), fecal incontinence (n=4), stranguria (n=2) and hematuria (n=1). Associated rectal pathologies were diverticulation (n=15), dilatation (n=4), deviation (n=3) and sacculation (n=1). The rectal diverticulum was corrected by extraluminal plication (n=12) or rectal resection (n=3). Internal obturator muscle flap transposition was used to repair the hernia in all cases. Postoperative pain was subjectively evaluated and scores were "no pain" in 10 cases, mild in 28 cases, moderate in 3 cases. Mean follow-up time was 27.3 months (range 4 months to 5 years) and the recurrence was observed only in three cases postoperatively. In conclusion, combined perineal herniorraphy with internal obturator muscle transposition and rectal wall repairment can be carried out at the same time and epidural morphine administration provide adequate analgesia for these operations.
Effects of Halothane and Isoflurane Anaesthesia on Antioxidant Enzymes in Dogs
(Medwell Online, 2010) Yarsan, Ender; Gurkan, Mehmet; Pekcan, Zeynep; Ince, Sinan; Kumandas, Ali
Free radicals, along with the impairment of biological membranes and cellular structures and increased biological activity, come out with the results of the changes in the activity of the enzymes followed by the damages of cellular function and metabolism This condition was attributed to the initiation effects of anaeshetics and other drugs which are used throughout the general anaesthesia General anaesthesia which is constructed with using many drugs which have various physicochemical structures is a condition affecting lipid peroxidation in the organism directly or indirectly In the frame of the study, the effects of halothane and isoflurane used in the anaesthesia on Malonyldialdehyde (MDA) concentration were investigated The study was carried out on 14 dogs with various breeds, ages and sexes which were admitted to Kirikkale University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and with various signs of complaint and determined as healthy according to the clinical and haemotological examination In the experiment, halothane (1-2 5%) and isoflurane (1-3%) were investigated as the anaesthetic substances Diazepam (0 3 mg kg(-1), IM) was administered as preanesthesia and thiopenthal sodium (10 mg kg(-1), IV) was administered for the induction of anesthesia to dogs Halothane and isoflurane were administered to the dogs in the first and second group, respectively The duration of anaesthesia was determined as 60 mm Five blood samples were taken from the animals at the time prior to premedication, immediately before the gas anaesthesia, after 1 h of the initiation of anaesthesia, 3 and 24 h after the end of anaesthesia into the heparinated tubes Malonyldialdehyde levels were measured in plasma During the experimental period, body temperatures, heart rate, respiration rate and blood oxygen saturation values were recorded Malondialdehyde levels measured during the halothane anaesthesia were numerically lower than those determined in isoflurane anaesthesia in same time period However, they reached the same levels prior to the anaesthesia within 24 h m both groups The differences between the two groups were statistically insignificant (p>0 05) Additionally, there were no significant differences in body temperature, heart rate, respiration rate and blood oxygen saturation values between the anaesthethic drugs Results of the comparisons of time and drug type showed that anaesthesia procedures using both halothane and isoflurane did not have any negative effect on the oxidative metabolism in dogs

Güncel Gönderiler