Yas temelli psikoeğitim programının kayıp yaşayan ergenlerin yas düzeylerine etkisi
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırmada Yas Temelli Psikoeğitim Programının Kayıp Yaşayan Ergenlerin Yas Düzeylerine Etkisi deneysel desen bir çalışma ile incelenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında deney ve kontrol gruplarında yer alan ergenler amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle Türkiye ilinde bulunan iki lise öğrencilerinden seçilmiştir. Çalışmaya on üç-on sekiz yaş aralığında yer alan son iki yıl içerisinde birinci ve ikinci derece yakınını kaybeden toplam yirmi ergen katılmıştır. Katılımcılardan on ergen deney grubunu oluştururken, on ergen kontrol grubunu oluşturmuştur. Araştırma kapsamında Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Temel Yas Unsurları Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeni olan kayıp yaşayan ergenlerin yas düzeyi Temel Yas Unsurları Ölçeği(TYUÖ) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Psikoeğitim Programına başlanmadan önce deney ve kontrol grubunda yer alan ergenlerin velilerinden gerekli izinler alınarak Veli Onay Formu doldurulmuştur. Uygulama öncesinde deney ve kontrol gruplarına Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve TYUÖ uygulanmıştır. Ön-test ölçümlerinin ardından deney grubunda yer alan ergenlere altı oturumdan oluşan Yas Temelli Psikoeğitim Programı gerçekleştirilerek son test uygulanmıştır. Kontrol grubunda eğitim yapılmadan; sadece öntest ve sontest uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS.21 programı kullanılarak Bağımlı Gruplar T-Testi ve Mann Whitney-U testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre deney ve kontrol grubu TYUÖ ön test puanları arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktur. Gruplar başlangıçta benzer özellikler göstermektedir. Buna karşın yas temelli psikoeğitim programı sonucunda kontrol grubu son test puanları ile ön test puanları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Deney grubunun TYUÖ imaj ve düşünceler, akut ayrılık, keder alt boyutları ile TYUÖ ön test ve son test puanları arasında son testler lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar bulunması araştırmanın önemli bulgularındandır. Deney grubu katılımcıların ön test ve son test puanları arasında imaj ve düşünceler (fark=4,2, p<.05), akut ayrılık(fark =3, p<.05), keder (fark =3,6, p<.05) alt ölçeklerinden aldıkları ön test ve son test puanları arasında anlamlı bir farklılaşma olduğu bulunmuştur. Araştırmada yapılan analizler sonucunda Yas Temelli Psikoeğitim Programının Kayıp Yaşayan Ergenlerin Yas Düzeyleri üzerinde anlamlı etkisi olduğu, deney grubundaki katılımcıların anlamlı düzeyde psikoeğitim programından yararlandıkları görülmüştür. Kontrol grubu katılımcıların TYUÖ alt ölçeklerinden imaj ve düşünceler (fark=0, p<.05), akut ayrılık (fark =1,3, p<.05), keder (fark =0, p<.05) ön test ve son test puanları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Analiz sonuçlarında kontrol grubunun ön test ve son test puanları arasında da anlamlı bir farklılaşma (p>.05) olmadığı görülmektedir. Eğitimin uygulanmadığı kontrol grubunda, üç alt ölçekten üçünde de herhangi bir değişiklik yaşanmamıştır. Analiz sonuçları incelendiğinde kontrol grubunda yer alan ergenlerin yas düzeylerinde herhangi bir değişiklik olmadığı saptanmıştır. Yas Temelli Psikoeğitim Programı ile kayıp yaşayan ergenlerin yas düzeylerinde olumlu etki sağlanmıştır. Ayrıca bu grup rehberliği sayesinde ergenlerin kendileri ile benzer duyguları yaşayan akranları ile bir araya gelerek duygu ve düşüncelerini paylaşmasının önemi vurgulanmıştır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Yas, Yas Süreci, Yas Tepkileri, Ergen
The Effect of Grief Based Psycho-Educational Program on the Grief Levels of Adolescents has been investigated by using an experimental design study in this research. Within the scope of the research, the adolescents in the experimental and control groups were selected from two high school students in Turkey by use of the purposive sampling technique. A total of twenty adolescents between the ages of thirteen and eighteen, who lost their first and second degree relatives in the last two years, participated in the study. While ten adolescents formed the experimental group, other ten adolescents shaped the control group. The "Personal Information Form" and the "Core Bereavement Items" were applied within the scope of the research. The grieving level of the adolescents experiencing loss, which is the dependent variable of the study, was evaluated by use of The Core Bereavement Items (CBI). The necessary permissions were obtained from the parents of the adolescents in the experimental and control groups and the Parental Consent Forms was filled before starting the Psychoeducation Program. In advance of the program, the Personal Information Form and CBI were applied to the experimental and control groups. Following the pre-test measurements, the grief based psychoeducation program consisting of six sessions was applied to the adolescents in the experimental group then the post-test was carried out. In the control group, only pre-test and post-test were carried out without applying any program. The obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS 21 program, the Dependent Sample T-Test and the Mann-Whitney U test. There is no significant difference between the CBI pretest scores of the experimental and control group according to the findings of the research. The groups initially show similar characteristics. On the other hand, no significant difference was found between the post-test and pre-test scores of the control group in the wake of the grief-based psychoeducation program. One of the substantial findings of the research is that there are statistically significant differences in favor of post-tests between CBI pre-tests and post-tests scores and CBI image and thoughts, acute separation and grief subscales of the experimental group. It was found that there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores of the images and thoughts (difference=4,2, p<.05), acute separation (difference =3, p<.05) and grief (difference =3,6, p<.05) subscales of the experimental group participants. As a result of the analyzes made in the research, it was realized that the Grief-Based Psychoeducation Program had a significant effect on the Grieving Levels of Adolescents Experiencing Loss and that the participants in the experimental group benefited from the psychoeducation program at a significant level. It was also found that there was no significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores of the CBI images and thoughts (difference =0, p<.05), acute separation (difference =1,3, p<.05) and grief (difference =0, p<.05) subscales of the control group participants. In the analysis results, it is clearly seen that there is no significant difference (p>.05) between the pre-test and post-test scores of the control group. In the control group to which the program was not applied, there was no change in any of the three subscales. According to the examination of the results of the analysis, it was determined that there was no change in the grieving levels of the adolescents in the control group. The Grief Based Psycho-education Program has had a positive effect on the grieving level of adolescents who have experienced loss. In addition, thanks to this group guidance, the importance of the sharing the feelings and thoughts of adolescents by meeting with their peers who have similar feelings with them was emphasized. Keywords: Grief, Grief Process, Grief Reactions, Adolescent
The Effect of Grief Based Psycho-Educational Program on the Grief Levels of Adolescents has been investigated by using an experimental design study in this research. Within the scope of the research, the adolescents in the experimental and control groups were selected from two high school students in Turkey by use of the purposive sampling technique. A total of twenty adolescents between the ages of thirteen and eighteen, who lost their first and second degree relatives in the last two years, participated in the study. While ten adolescents formed the experimental group, other ten adolescents shaped the control group. The "Personal Information Form" and the "Core Bereavement Items" were applied within the scope of the research. The grieving level of the adolescents experiencing loss, which is the dependent variable of the study, was evaluated by use of The Core Bereavement Items (CBI). The necessary permissions were obtained from the parents of the adolescents in the experimental and control groups and the Parental Consent Forms was filled before starting the Psychoeducation Program. In advance of the program, the Personal Information Form and CBI were applied to the experimental and control groups. Following the pre-test measurements, the grief based psychoeducation program consisting of six sessions was applied to the adolescents in the experimental group then the post-test was carried out. In the control group, only pre-test and post-test were carried out without applying any program. The obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS 21 program, the Dependent Sample T-Test and the Mann-Whitney U test. There is no significant difference between the CBI pretest scores of the experimental and control group according to the findings of the research. The groups initially show similar characteristics. On the other hand, no significant difference was found between the post-test and pre-test scores of the control group in the wake of the grief-based psychoeducation program. One of the substantial findings of the research is that there are statistically significant differences in favor of post-tests between CBI pre-tests and post-tests scores and CBI image and thoughts, acute separation and grief subscales of the experimental group. It was found that there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores of the images and thoughts (difference=4,2, p<.05), acute separation (difference =3, p<.05) and grief (difference =3,6, p<.05) subscales of the experimental group participants. As a result of the analyzes made in the research, it was realized that the Grief-Based Psychoeducation Program had a significant effect on the Grieving Levels of Adolescents Experiencing Loss and that the participants in the experimental group benefited from the psychoeducation program at a significant level. It was also found that there was no significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores of the CBI images and thoughts (difference =0, p<.05), acute separation (difference =1,3, p<.05) and grief (difference =0, p<.05) subscales of the control group participants. In the analysis results, it is clearly seen that there is no significant difference (p>.05) between the pre-test and post-test scores of the control group. In the control group to which the program was not applied, there was no change in any of the three subscales. According to the examination of the results of the analysis, it was determined that there was no change in the grieving levels of the adolescents in the control group. The Grief Based Psycho-education Program has had a positive effect on the grieving level of adolescents who have experienced loss. In addition, thanks to this group guidance, the importance of the sharing the feelings and thoughts of adolescents by meeting with their peers who have similar feelings with them was emphasized. Keywords: Grief, Grief Process, Grief Reactions, Adolescent
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışmanlık Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Eğitim ve Öğretim, Education and Training
