Osmanlı İmparatorluğunun son yüzyılında boğazlar üzerinde Rus-İngiliz nüfuz mücadelesi
[ X ]
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Jeopolitik konumu nedeniyle stratejik öneme sahip olan Boğazlar, İlkçağ uygarlıklarından bugüne kadar birçok devletin mücadele sergilediği bir alan olmuştur. Özellikle Rusya'nın Karadeniz ve Boğazlar konusunda oluşturduğu siyaset sonucu başta Osmanlı Devleti olmak üzere İngiltere ile de pek çok kez karşı karşıya kalınmıştır. İlerleyen zamanlarda bu mücadeleye tüm Avrupa Devletleri de katılmış ve milletlerarası bir mesele haline gelmiştir. Osmanlı için ise Boğazlar meselesi: devletlerin dış politikasında bir denge unsuru olarak kullanılmıştır. XIX. Yüzyıl'ın büyük coğrafyalara hükmeden üç imparatorluğu boğazlar konusunu siyasi politikalarında her zaman öncelikli konu olarak gördüler. İngiltere'nin sömürgelerini koruma ve Akdeniz'deki ticari hakimiyetinin devamı için giriştiği bu nüfuz mücadelesinde, Rusya ekonomik kazanımlar, güney (Karadeniz) yönlü tehlikelerin engellenmesinin yanı sıra dini olarak da yaklaşıyordu. I.Petro dönemi ile başlayan bu mücadele yüzyıl içerisinde pek çok kez kendisini yenileyerek İngiliz- Osmanlı- Rus mücadelesine sık sık sahne olmuştur. Uzun yıllar çatışma içerisinde olan iki devlet 1908 Reval Görüşmeleri sonrasında ittifak kurmuş ise de Çanakkale cephesinin açılması sürecinde devlet çıkarları doğrultusunda mücadeleleri tekrar gün yüzüne çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada özellikle ülkeler arasında boğazlar merkezli yaşanan siyasi olaylar politik hareketler ve özellikle İngiliz- Rus çıkar çatışmaları incelenmiştir.
The Straits, which are of strategic importance due to their geopolitical location, have been an area where many states have been struggling since the civilizations of Antiquity until today. Especially as a result of Russia's policy on the Black Sea and the Straits, it was encountered many times with the Ottoman Empire and England. In the following times, all European States joined this struggle and it became an international issue. For the Ottomans, the issue of the Straits: it was used as an element of balance in the foreign policy of the states. The three empires of the XIX century, which ruled over large geographies, always saw the issue of the straits as a priority issue in their political policies. In this struggle for influence of England for the protection of its colonies and the continuation of its commercial dominance in the Mediterranean, Russia was approaching religiously as well as economic gainsand preventing the dangers from the south (Black Sea). This struggle, which started with the period of Petro I, renewed itself many times during the century and became the scene of the English-Ottoman-Russian struggle. Although the two states, which had been in conflict for many years, formed an alliance after the 1908 Reval Negotiations, their struggles in line with the interests of the state came to light again during the opening of the Çanakkale front. In this study, political events centered on the straits between countries, political movements and especially British-Russian conflicts of interest were deciphered.
The Straits, which are of strategic importance due to their geopolitical location, have been an area where many states have been struggling since the civilizations of Antiquity until today. Especially as a result of Russia's policy on the Black Sea and the Straits, it was encountered many times with the Ottoman Empire and England. In the following times, all European States joined this struggle and it became an international issue. For the Ottomans, the issue of the Straits: it was used as an element of balance in the foreign policy of the states. The three empires of the XIX century, which ruled over large geographies, always saw the issue of the straits as a priority issue in their political policies. In this struggle for influence of England for the protection of its colonies and the continuation of its commercial dominance in the Mediterranean, Russia was approaching religiously as well as economic gainsand preventing the dangers from the south (Black Sea). This struggle, which started with the period of Petro I, renewed itself many times during the century and became the scene of the English-Ottoman-Russian struggle. Although the two states, which had been in conflict for many years, formed an alliance after the 1908 Reval Negotiations, their struggles in line with the interests of the state came to light again during the opening of the Çanakkale front. In this study, political events centered on the straits between countries, political movements and especially British-Russian conflicts of interest were deciphered.
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Tarih Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tarih, History
