Sarıkamış yöresinde büyükbaş hayvan yetiştirici bilgilerine dayanarak beslenme durumunun değerlendirilmesi
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Tarih
2013
Yazarlar
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma Sarıkamış ilçesinde büyükbaş hayvan yetiştirici bilgilerine dayanarak hayvanların beslenmesinde kullanılan yem çeşitleri, miktarları ve hayvan besleme alışkanlıklarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında 68 işletmede anket çalışması yapılmıştır. İşletmelerin %77.94 büyük, % 14.7 orta işletmelerden oluşurken, %7.35 küçük işletmelerden oluşmaktadır. Büyük işletmelerin %38.07?sini Yerli Kara, %34.20?sini Montofon melezi, %22.20?sini Simental melezi, oluşturmaktadır. Kaba yemin işletmelerde kullanılma düzeyleri bakımından 2 çeşit (% 23.52), 3 çeşit (% 26.47), 4 çeşit (%22.05) ve 5 çeşit kullananlar ise (% 13.23)?dür. Kesif yem olarak (%79.41) fabrika yemi, bazı işletmelerin buğday-arpadan oluşan karışımı (%2.90) satın alırken bazılarının da (%17.64) kendi ürettiği hammaddelerinden oluşan yemi kullandığı tespit edilmiştir. Yem örneklerinde kuru madde (KM), ham protein (HP), ham kül (HK), ham yağ (HY) analizleri Weende analiz sistemine göre ve ham selüloz (HS) analizleri ise Crampton ve Maynard metoduna göre yapılmıştır. Fiğde, KM %93.4, HP %16.7, HY %5.4, HK %10.8, HS %22 ve ME 2525.42 kcal/kg bulunmuştur. Korungada, KM %92.3, HP %19, HY %3.8, HK %6.4, HS %26.30 ve ME 2372.16 kcal/kg bulunmuştur. Yoncada, KM %94.7, HP %19.5, HY %2.2, HK %5.1, HS %25.1 ve ME 2414.93 kcal/kg bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, ilçe ve bölgedeki yetiştiricilerin, hayvan beslemeye ilişkin teknik bilgilerinin, modern tekniklere ilgilerinin ve hayvan besleme bilinçlerinin artırılması sağlanmalıdır. ANAHTAR SÖZCÜKLER: Hayvan Besleme, Kaba Yem, Kesif Yem, SarıkamıG, Yem Bitkisi
This experiment was aimed to determine the usage of feed types and structural characteristics animal feeding of large animal producing enterprises in Sarıkamıs town. Under the frame of this study, survey application was conducted in 68 livestock production facilities. While 77.94% of the farms were considered to be large and 14.7% of them was considered to be medium, only 7.35% of the farms consisted of small farms. Large farms contain 38.07% Yerli Kara breed, 34.20% Brown Swiss crossbreeds and 22.20% Simmental crossbreeds. Forage sources were widely distributed and 23.52% of the total farms utilizes at least two types of roughages, 26.47% of the farms uses three types of forages, 22.05% of them uses four types of roughages and 13.23% of them uses five types of roughages in their facilities. 79.42% of the farms buys concentrate manufactured feeds, 2.90% of them utilizes the mixture of wheat and barley and 17.64% of the farms uses the feeds that they produce themselves. Wetch has 93.4% dry matter (DM), 16.7% crude protein (CP), 5.4% ether extract (EE), 10.8% ash (ASH), 22% crude fiber (CF) and 2525.42 kcal/kg metabolizable energy (ME) contents. Additionally, it was found that sainfoin has 92.3% DM, 19% CP, 3.8% EE, 6.4% ASH, 26.30% CF and 2372.16 kcal/kg ME and alfalfa has 94.7% DM, 19.5% CP, 2.2% EE, 5.1% ASH, 25.1% CF and 2414.93 kcal/kg ME contents. In conclusion, knowledge of producer sabout technical feeding strategies and up to date information and over all awareness about general animal nutrition should be enhanced. KEY WORDS: Animal Nutrition, Concentrate Feed, Feed Sources, Forage, Sarikamis
This experiment was aimed to determine the usage of feed types and structural characteristics animal feeding of large animal producing enterprises in Sarıkamıs town. Under the frame of this study, survey application was conducted in 68 livestock production facilities. While 77.94% of the farms were considered to be large and 14.7% of them was considered to be medium, only 7.35% of the farms consisted of small farms. Large farms contain 38.07% Yerli Kara breed, 34.20% Brown Swiss crossbreeds and 22.20% Simmental crossbreeds. Forage sources were widely distributed and 23.52% of the total farms utilizes at least two types of roughages, 26.47% of the farms uses three types of forages, 22.05% of them uses four types of roughages and 13.23% of them uses five types of roughages in their facilities. 79.42% of the farms buys concentrate manufactured feeds, 2.90% of them utilizes the mixture of wheat and barley and 17.64% of the farms uses the feeds that they produce themselves. Wetch has 93.4% dry matter (DM), 16.7% crude protein (CP), 5.4% ether extract (EE), 10.8% ash (ASH), 22% crude fiber (CF) and 2525.42 kcal/kg metabolizable energy (ME) contents. Additionally, it was found that sainfoin has 92.3% DM, 19% CP, 3.8% EE, 6.4% ASH, 26.30% CF and 2372.16 kcal/kg ME and alfalfa has 94.7% DM, 19.5% CP, 2.2% EE, 5.1% ASH, 25.1% CF and 2414.93 kcal/kg ME contents. In conclusion, knowledge of producer sabout technical feeding strategies and up to date information and over all awareness about general animal nutrition should be enhanced. KEY WORDS: Animal Nutrition, Concentrate Feed, Feed Sources, Forage, Sarikamis
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Veteriner Hekimliği, Veterinary Medicine, Belediyeler, Municipalities ; Demokrasi, Democracy ; Yerel demokrasi, Local democracy ; Yerel yönetimler, Local administrations ; Yerelleşme, Decentralization ; Yönetime katılma, Participation management
