I. Petro'dan II. Katerina'ya Çarlık Rusyası'nın Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'na yönelik dış politikasını etkileyen bir unsur olarak sıcak denizlerin rolü
[ X ]
Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
XVIII. yüzyıl, Rusya ve Osmanlı Devleti arasında en yoğun ilişkilerin yaşandığı ve Rusya'nın sıcak denizlere inme politikası çerçevesinde Osmanlı Devleti'ne karşı ciddi başarılar elde ettiği bir yüzyıldır. XV. yüzyılda temeli atılan Rusların milli emelleri, XVIII. yüzyılın başından itibaren Çar I. Petro'nun siyasetinin bir neticesi olarak ciddi bir şekilde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çar'ın ölümünden sonra Rusya, Çariçe II. Katerina'nın tahta geçmesiyle yeni bir sürece girmiştir. Çariçe'nin dönemi, arka planında Rusların sıcak denizlere inme politikası çerçevesinde oluşturduğu emperyalizm politikasının en iyi şekilde uygulandığı dönem olmuştur. Bu politika ile Osmanlı Devleti'ni bu asırda oldukça uğraştırmış, Çariçe'den sonra tahta geçen halefleri de yine bu minvalde politikalar uygulamışlardır. Çariçe'nin ve haleflerinin dönemi, Rusya tarihinde ve Osmanlı tarihinde bir kırılma noktası olmuştur. XVIII. yüzyılın sonuna doğru ise Fransa'da çıkan devrim ile Osmanlı Devleti ve Rusya, mevcut politikalarını birbirleriyle münasebetleri doğrultusunda, yeniçağın gerektirdiği şekilde değiştirmek zorunda kalmışlardır. Devrimden sonra değişen dünya siyasetinde Rusya, Osmanlı Devleti'ne karşı esas politikasının dışına çıksa da tarihi emellerini unutmamıştır. Hatta XVIII. yüzyılın sonlarına doğru çıkan ve temeli Viyana Kongresinde atılan Doğu Sorunu ile birlikte iki asır boyunca Rusya, Osmanlı Devletine karşı esas politikasını Doğu Sorunu çerçevesinde uygulamaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Rusların sıcak denizlere inme politikası ve bu çerçevede oluşturdukları politikaları neticesinde, XVIII. yüzyıl'da Osmanlı Devleti ve Rusya'nın münasebetleri dönemlere göre incelenmeye gayret edilmiştir.
The 18th century, is a century which was the most intense relations between Russia and the Ottoman Empire were experienced and Russia achieved serious successes against the Ottoman Empire within the framework of its policy of landing on warm seas. The national ambitions of the Russians laid the foundation in the 15th century, from the turn of the 18th century it had been seriously realized as a result of Tzar Peter's politics. After the death of the Tsar, Russia entered a new process with the accession of Tsarina Catherine to the throne. The Tsarina's period was the period in which the policy of imperialism, formed by the Russian's in the framework of the policy of landing in warm seas, was best applied. The Ottoman Empire struggled with this policy in this century, and its successors, who took the throne after the Tsarina, again implemented policies in this direction. The era of the Tsarina and her successors was a breaking point in Russian history and Ottoman history. As a result of the revolution that emerged in France towards the end of the 18th century, the Ottoman Empire and Russia had to change their existing policies in accordance with their relations with each other, as required by the new era. In the world politics that changed after the revolution, Russia has not forgotten its historical ambitions, although it has gone beyond its main policy towards the Ottoman Empire. Even the end of the 18th Century, Russian began to implement its main policy against the Ottoman State within the framework of the Eastern Question, which came out at the end of the century and was founded at the Congress of Vienna. In this study, the relations between the Ottoman Empire and Russia in the 18th century were examined according to the periods as a result of the policy of landing to warm sea ports and the policies they formed within this framework.
The 18th century, is a century which was the most intense relations between Russia and the Ottoman Empire were experienced and Russia achieved serious successes against the Ottoman Empire within the framework of its policy of landing on warm seas. The national ambitions of the Russians laid the foundation in the 15th century, from the turn of the 18th century it had been seriously realized as a result of Tzar Peter's politics. After the death of the Tsar, Russia entered a new process with the accession of Tsarina Catherine to the throne. The Tsarina's period was the period in which the policy of imperialism, formed by the Russian's in the framework of the policy of landing in warm seas, was best applied. The Ottoman Empire struggled with this policy in this century, and its successors, who took the throne after the Tsarina, again implemented policies in this direction. The era of the Tsarina and her successors was a breaking point in Russian history and Ottoman history. As a result of the revolution that emerged in France towards the end of the 18th century, the Ottoman Empire and Russia had to change their existing policies in accordance with their relations with each other, as required by the new era. In the world politics that changed after the revolution, Russia has not forgotten its historical ambitions, although it has gone beyond its main policy towards the Ottoman Empire. Even the end of the 18th Century, Russian began to implement its main policy against the Ottoman State within the framework of the Eastern Question, which came out at the end of the century and was founded at the Congress of Vienna. In this study, the relations between the Ottoman Empire and Russia in the 18th century were examined according to the periods as a result of the policy of landing to warm sea ports and the policies they formed within this framework.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tarih, History
