18.yy Fransız felsefesinin etkileri: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk örneği
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı Mustafa Kemal Atatürk'ün 18.Yüzyıl Fransız Devrimi ve Felsefesinden nasıl etkilendiğini ortaya koymak ve etkilendiği Charles Louis de Secondat Montesquieu, Jean Jacques Rousseau ile François Marie Arouet Voltaire çerçevesinde onu bir 'düşünür' olarak değerlendirmektir. Her filozofun bağlı bulunduğu bir felsefi gelenek olduğu argümanından hareketle, Atatürk'ün etkilendiği felsefi gelenek olduğu tespit edilen, 18.yy Fransız Felsefesi ve filozoflarından Montesquieu, Rousseau ve Voltaire'a değinilmiş, bu Üç Filozof'un, Fransız Devrimi'nin teorik altyapısını nasıl hazırlayıcıları oldukları ortaya konmuştur. İlgili teorik altyapı, filozofların üzerinde uzlaştıkları dokuz noktanın toplamına karşılık gelmektedir. Her filozofun fikirlerinde etkili olan bir tarihsel arka planının olduğu argümanına dayanarak, Fransız Devrimi ve Felsefesinden etkilenen Mustafa Kemal Atatürk'ün yaptığı Türk Devrimi'ne değinilmiştir. Her filozofun bir yöntemi olduğu argümanına da dayanarak, Atatürk'ün 'Altı Ok' olarak da adlandırılan altı ilkesinin temelleri kendisinin kullandığı diyalektik yöntemin esaslarına göre açıklanmıştır. Fransız ve Türk Devrimleri ile dokuz ortak nokta temelinde, Montesquieu, Rousseau ve Voltaire'ın düşünceleriyle Atatürk'ün düşünceleri arasında benzerlikler değerlendirilerek Atatürk'ün bir asker, bir Siyaset Adamı, bir Devrimci olduğu kadar genel anlamda tarihten, özel anlamda Rönesans, Reform, Aydınlanma yüzyıllarından beslenmiş; İngiliz, Fransız ve Rus Devrimlerinden etkilendiği görülmüştür. Diyalektiği de bir yöntem olarak kullanarak tüm bu birikimden altı ilkeye ulaşmış olması bizi; onun aynı zamanda bir 'düşünür' de olduğu düşüncesine götürmüştür. Anahtar kelimeler: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire,
The aim of this study is to reveal how Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was affected by the 18th Century French Revolution and Philosophy and to evaluate him as a 'Philosopher' within the framework of Charles Louis de Secondat Montesquieu, Jean Jacques Rousseau and François Marie Arouet Voltaire. On the basis of every philosopher has philosophical tradition which they are connected argument, 18th Century French Philosophy and its philosophers Montesquieu, Rousseau and Voltaire, which are detected as Atatürk was influenced them, are mentioned, it has been revealed how these three philosopher were preparer of the theoretical background of the French Revolution. These theoretical backgrounds correspond to nine points which are their agreement. On the basis of every philosopher has historical background which has effects on their ideas argument, Atatürk, who was influenced from French Revolution and Philosophy, and Turkish Revolution, which made by Atatürk are mentioned. Also on the basis of every philosopher has a method argument, the basis of Atatürk's six principles, which are also refer to as six arrows, are explained according to the basis of the dialectical method, which is used by Atatürk. On the basis of French, Turkish Revolutions and nine common points by evaluating similarities between Montesquieu, Rousseau's, Voltaire's ideas and Atatürk's ideas it has been seen as much as Atatürk was a soldier, a politician, a revolutionary he was fed by generally from history, in a special sense Renaissance, Reform, Enlightenment; he was influenced from English, French and Russian Revolutions. The fact that he has reached six principles from all this accumulation by using dialectic as a method; led to the idea that he was also a 'Philosopher'. Keywords: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire, French Revolution, Turkish Revolution.
The aim of this study is to reveal how Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was affected by the 18th Century French Revolution and Philosophy and to evaluate him as a 'Philosopher' within the framework of Charles Louis de Secondat Montesquieu, Jean Jacques Rousseau and François Marie Arouet Voltaire. On the basis of every philosopher has philosophical tradition which they are connected argument, 18th Century French Philosophy and its philosophers Montesquieu, Rousseau and Voltaire, which are detected as Atatürk was influenced them, are mentioned, it has been revealed how these three philosopher were preparer of the theoretical background of the French Revolution. These theoretical backgrounds correspond to nine points which are their agreement. On the basis of every philosopher has historical background which has effects on their ideas argument, Atatürk, who was influenced from French Revolution and Philosophy, and Turkish Revolution, which made by Atatürk are mentioned. Also on the basis of every philosopher has a method argument, the basis of Atatürk's six principles, which are also refer to as six arrows, are explained according to the basis of the dialectical method, which is used by Atatürk. On the basis of French, Turkish Revolutions and nine common points by evaluating similarities between Montesquieu, Rousseau's, Voltaire's ideas and Atatürk's ideas it has been seen as much as Atatürk was a soldier, a politician, a revolutionary he was fed by generally from history, in a special sense Renaissance, Reform, Enlightenment; he was influenced from English, French and Russian Revolutions. The fact that he has reached six principles from all this accumulation by using dialectic as a method; led to the idea that he was also a 'Philosopher'. Keywords: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire, French Revolution, Turkish Revolution.
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Felsefe Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Felsefe, Philosophy
