Atatürk Dönemi Türk-Rus ilişkilerinin askeri ve siyasi açıdan incelenmesi
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Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma, 19.yüzyıl Türk-Rus ilişkilerinin, 20.yüzyıla yansımaları çerçevesinde bu iki devletin arasında Atatürk Döneminde meydana gelen Askeri ve Siyasi ilişkilerin merhalelerini konu edinmiştir. Türk-Rus ilişkileri tarih boyunca inişli çıkışlı politik ilişkiler içinde olsa da iki güç arasında her zaman stratejik bir rekabet söz konusu olmuştur. Rusların yüzyıllarca süregelen sıcak denizlere ulaşma ve İstanbul'u ele geçirme ideali, Türk-Rus ilişkilerinde temel belirleyici unsur olmuştur. 19. yüzyılda da bu doğrultuda birçok faaliyette bulunan Ruslar, bu yüzyılda sıcak denizlere inme ideolojilerini tam anlamıyla yerine getiremeseler de Türk Boğazları üzerinde zaman zaman imtiyazlar elde etmiştir. Birinci Dünya Savaşı'nda farklı saflarda yer alan Türkler ve Ruslar, 1917 yılında Rusya'da çıkan Bolşevik İhtilâli ile Rusların savaştan çekilmesi ve savaşın sonunda Anadolu'nun işgalinin tezahürü olarak Türk Milli Mücadelesinin başlamasıyla aynı cephede bu sefer müttefik olarak birleşmişlerdir. Bolşeviklerin bu aynı cephede birleşmedeki menfaati, kendilerinin hassas noktası olan güney cephelerinde Batılı bir devletin ya da Batılı bir devletin güdümünde farklı bir devletin olmasındansa, Osmanlı Devleti'nin bu bölgede varlığını devam ettirmesi düşüncesidir. Türklerin menfaatine olan ise o dönemde gerçekleştirecekleri Kurtuluş Mücadelesi için Rusya'dan gelecek askeri ve mali yardımlara ihtiyaç duymalarıdır. Türkiye'nin bulunduğu jeopolitik konum, Rusya'nın öncelikle güvenliği ve daha sonra da genişleme politikası açısından son derece önemlidir. Batı saflarında yer alacak bir Türkiye, Rusya'yı en yakın ve en etkili noktalarından vurabilecek bir Türkiye demektir. Rusya tarih boyunca bu riski göze alamamıştır.
This study focuses on the stages of the military and political relations between these two states during the Atatürk Period within the framework of the reflections of the 19th century Turkish-Russian relations on the 20th century. Although there were fluctuations in Turkish-Russian political relations throughout history, there was a strategic competition between these two powers. The centuries-long Russian ideology of conquering İstanbul and accessing warm seas has been the key factor of Turkish-Russian Relations. The Russians, who carried out many activities in this direction in the 19th century, have obtained privileges from time to time on the Turkish Straits, although they could not fully fulfill their ideology of going to the warm seas in this century. During the Great War, Turks and Russians, who took different axes, were united as allies on the same front this time with the withdrawal of the Russians from the war with the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917 and the beginning of the Turkish War Of Independence. The interest of the Bolsheviks in uniting on this same front was the idea of the continuation of the existence of the Ottoman State in this region, rather than a Western state or a different state under the control of a Western state on the southern fronts, which were their sensitive points. What was in the favor of the Turks was that they needed military and financial assistance from Russia for the War of Independence they would carry out at that time. Geopolitical position of Turkey is quite significant for both Russia's security and expansion policy. Turkey that supports Western allies means that Turkey can create a really serious threat for Russia. Russia has not been able to take this risk throughout history.
This study focuses on the stages of the military and political relations between these two states during the Atatürk Period within the framework of the reflections of the 19th century Turkish-Russian relations on the 20th century. Although there were fluctuations in Turkish-Russian political relations throughout history, there was a strategic competition between these two powers. The centuries-long Russian ideology of conquering İstanbul and accessing warm seas has been the key factor of Turkish-Russian Relations. The Russians, who carried out many activities in this direction in the 19th century, have obtained privileges from time to time on the Turkish Straits, although they could not fully fulfill their ideology of going to the warm seas in this century. During the Great War, Turks and Russians, who took different axes, were united as allies on the same front this time with the withdrawal of the Russians from the war with the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917 and the beginning of the Turkish War Of Independence. The interest of the Bolsheviks in uniting on this same front was the idea of the continuation of the existence of the Ottoman State in this region, rather than a Western state or a different state under the control of a Western state on the southern fronts, which were their sensitive points. What was in the favor of the Turks was that they needed military and financial assistance from Russia for the War of Independence they would carry out at that time. Geopolitical position of Turkey is quite significant for both Russia's security and expansion policy. Turkey that supports Western allies means that Turkey can create a really serious threat for Russia. Russia has not been able to take this risk throughout history.
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Tarih Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tarih, History, Türk İnkılap Tarihi
