II. Meşrutiyet ve 27 Mayıs dönemlerinde ordu-siyaset ilişkisi
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türk siyasi tarihinde ordu-siyaset ilişkisinin tarihsel kökenleri incelendiğinde, kendisini devletle özdeşleştirmiş, siyasi açıdan toplumun üzerinde konumlanmış bir ordu ile karşılaşılmaktadır. Kendisinin devletin asli kurucusu olduğuna ve rejimin koruyucusu görevi taşıdığına inanan ordu tarafından askeri müdahaleler gerçekleşmiştir. Türkiye'de askeri darbeler, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'ndan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'ne miras kalmış bir gelenektir. II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi'nin siyasal gelişmeleri, Cumhuriyet tarihindeki gelişmelerin birer benzeri durumundadır. Her iki dönemde de; siyasal hayatta çok sayıda siyasi partinin yer alması, seçimler, erken seçimler, askeri müdahaleler, darbe sonucu meydana gelen iktidar değişiklikleri ve muhalefetin etkisizleştirilmeye çalışılması gibi birçok siyasal gelişme benzerlik göstermektedir. Ancak bu iki dönem arasında birbirinden farklı olarak gelişen en önemli olay, Trablusgarp Savaşı, Balkan Savaşları ve I. Dünya Savaşı gibi olağanüstü olayların II. Meşrutiyet döneminde yaşanmasıdır. Bu çalışmada, II. Meşrutiyet dönemi ile 27 Mayıs dönemlerinde gerçekleşen askeri müdahaleler detaylı olarak incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, incelenen her iki dönemin farklılıklarını ve benzerliklerini ortaya koymaktır. Yapılan araştırmalar ve incelemeler sonucunda, iki dönemin birbiriyle birçok alanda benzerlik gösterdiği, çok az bir alanda ise farklılıklar barındırdığı gözlemlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi, Demokrat Parti, 27 Mayıs 1960 Askeri Müdahalesi, Ordu-Siyaset İlişkisi
In Turkish political history, the origins of the military-political relationship are hitting, in relation to an army that identifies with the state and has been followed on the political end. Military interventions were carried out by the army, which believed that it was the original founder of the state and that it was the protector of the regime. Military coups in Turkey are a tradition inherited from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Turkey. The political developments of the Second Period of Legitimacy are similar to those in the history of the Republic. In both periods; Many political developments show similarities, such as the presence of many political parties in political life, elections, early elections, military interventions, power changes as a result of the coup, and attempts to neutralize the opposition. However, the most important event that developed differently between these two periods occurred during the 2nd Constitutional Monarchy of extraordinary events such as the Battle of Tripoli, the Balkan Wars and World War I. In this study, military interventions that took place between the Period of Legitimacy II and may 27 were examined in detail. The aim of the study is to reveal the differences and similarities of both sections examined. As a result of the researches and examinations, it has been observed that the two periods show similarities in many areas, but there are differences in very few areas. Keywords: Second Constitutional Period, Democratic Party, May,27 Military Intervention, Military and Political Relations
In Turkish political history, the origins of the military-political relationship are hitting, in relation to an army that identifies with the state and has been followed on the political end. Military interventions were carried out by the army, which believed that it was the original founder of the state and that it was the protector of the regime. Military coups in Turkey are a tradition inherited from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Turkey. The political developments of the Second Period of Legitimacy are similar to those in the history of the Republic. In both periods; Many political developments show similarities, such as the presence of many political parties in political life, elections, early elections, military interventions, power changes as a result of the coup, and attempts to neutralize the opposition. However, the most important event that developed differently between these two periods occurred during the 2nd Constitutional Monarchy of extraordinary events such as the Battle of Tripoli, the Balkan Wars and World War I. In this study, military interventions that took place between the Period of Legitimacy II and may 27 were examined in detail. The aim of the study is to reveal the differences and similarities of both sections examined. As a result of the researches and examinations, it has been observed that the two periods show similarities in many areas, but there are differences in very few areas. Keywords: Second Constitutional Period, Democratic Party, May,27 Military Intervention, Military and Political Relations
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kamu Yönetimi, Public Administration, Siyasal Bilimler
