Mülteci hukuku ve Türkiye uygulaması
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2007
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Mülteci sorunu devamlılık arz eden kalıcı bir problem haline gelmistir. Buna paralel olarak, mülteci hukukunda da yeni ve beklenilmeyen sartlara uygun değisiklikler kaçınılmaz olmaktadır. Mülteciler kendi ülkelerinde yeterli güven ve yasam sartlarını bulamayan ve bundan dolayı her türlü maddi ve manevi varlıklarını, hatıralarını, vatanlarında bırakarak daha güvenli ve iyi yasam sartları bulabilmek uğruna baska ülkelere giden insanlardır. Bu felaketzedeler ikinci ve hatta çoğunlukla üçüncü ülkelere giderek sığınma ve yeni bir ülkeye devamlı olarak yerlesmek isterler. Bu istekleri, en azından ülkelerindeki durum, istenen düzeye gelinceye kadar çözülmesi gereken bir sorun olarak kalır. Sığınma talep eden kisiler, seyahatleri süresince veya geçici barınma imkanı buldukları bir ülkede daimi olarak yeni bir ülkenin vatandası oluncaya kadar uluslararası yasal haklara sahiptirler ki bu haklar bütün devletler tarafından tanınır ve devletlerin buna uyma zorunluluğu vardır. Yapılan bu çalısmada, mülteci hakları ve bu hakların uygulanısı hem uluslararası arena hem de Türkiye bazında incelenmistir. Çok fazla detaylara girilmeden genel insan hakları yasaları çerçevesinde mülteci yasaları, hakları ve konuyla ilgili gelismeler nazara alınmıstır. Mülteci hakları ve korunmaları hususunda gerekli bazı terimler açıklandıktan sonra, uluslararası ve bölgesel yasalar, anlasmalar ve protokoller üzerinde durulmustur. Daha sonra, mülteci statüsünün hangi sartlarda tespit edilebileceği, hangi sebeplerden dolayı sona erdirilebileceği veya statü dısında bırakılacağı açıklanmıstır. Bu konuda en önemli kuruluslardan biri olan Birlesmis Milletler Mülteciler Yüksek Komiserliği (BMMYK)'nin ve onun mülteci haklarının korunmasındaki rolü ve bunun yanında karsılasılan sorunlara değinilmistir. Ayrıca, Türkiye'nin mülteci politikası, 1994 Yönetmeliği ve Ulusal Eylem Planı üzerinde durulmus, 1951 Sözlesmesi, 1967 Protokolü incelenmis, sonuç bölümünde de kisisel görüslere yer verilmistir.
The refugee problem has become a permanent and continuing one. Parallel to this, the refugee law needed a continuous change and updating according to the new and various unpredictable conditions. The refugees are the people who could not find enough security and living conditions in their own country and leave for a better security and living conditions after leaving almost all of their properties as well as memories and their spiritual values in their countries. These victims go to seek asylum from the second or even mostly the third countries to resettle permanently. This problem stays at least until the time when the conditions in their home country become in a desirable state. While these asylum seekers are traveling, during their temporary resettlement and till the acceptance by other countries as new citizens, they do have international legal rights which have to be recognized and obeyed by all countries. In this study, the rights of the refugees and application of these rights are examined in international arena as well as in Turkey. Here, without getting in too much of the details, the refugee laws and rights and their progress are taken in to consideration in the general concept of human rights laws. After defining some of the terminology in refugee rights and protection, the international and regional laws, agreements or protocols are explained on this matter. Then how a refugee statue is determined and under which conditions this statue is ended or left out is indicated. The information is given on the most important organization on this topic namely, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and its role in protection of the refugee rights, as well as most important problems faced. Beside this, 1951 convention and 1967 protocol are examined, Turkish refugee policy, 1994 instructions and national action plan are emphasized.
The refugee problem has become a permanent and continuing one. Parallel to this, the refugee law needed a continuous change and updating according to the new and various unpredictable conditions. The refugees are the people who could not find enough security and living conditions in their own country and leave for a better security and living conditions after leaving almost all of their properties as well as memories and their spiritual values in their countries. These victims go to seek asylum from the second or even mostly the third countries to resettle permanently. This problem stays at least until the time when the conditions in their home country become in a desirable state. While these asylum seekers are traveling, during their temporary resettlement and till the acceptance by other countries as new citizens, they do have international legal rights which have to be recognized and obeyed by all countries. In this study, the rights of the refugees and application of these rights are examined in international arena as well as in Turkey. Here, without getting in too much of the details, the refugee laws and rights and their progress are taken in to consideration in the general concept of human rights laws. After defining some of the terminology in refugee rights and protection, the international and regional laws, agreements or protocols are explained on this matter. Then how a refugee statue is determined and under which conditions this statue is ended or left out is indicated. The information is given on the most important organization on this topic namely, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and its role in protection of the refugee rights, as well as most important problems faced. Beside this, 1951 convention and 1967 protocol are examined, Turkish refugee policy, 1994 instructions and national action plan are emphasized.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hukuk, Law
