Bir şiddet biçimi olarak savaşın sosyolojik analizi
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Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Çalışma insanın şiddet ve zor kullanarak, yok edici boyuta ulaşabilen yönünü temsil eden savaş olgusunu konu edinmiştir. İnsanın toplumsal ve siyasal olarak modern olana yaklaştıkça kümülatif olarak yıkıcılığı artmış öyle ki yok edici boyuta ulaşmıştır. Çalışmanın ayırt edici yönü savaş olgusunun yanında olgunun arka planında varlık gösteren, değişiminin ve yıkıcılığının artmasına sebep olduğu düşünülen toplumsal yapı ve devlet olgusuna da odaklanılmış olmasıdır. Çalışmada olgu ve kavramların Weberci sosyal bilim anlayışına bağlı olarak anlaşılması amaçlamıştır. Bununla birlikte tarihsel sosyoloji yöntemi kullanılarak olgu ve kavramlar arasındaki ilişki tarihselliğe yerleştirilmiştir. Buradan hareketle ilkel, neolitik, orta ve modern çağda savaş olgusu, toplumsal ve siyasal yapı arasındaki ilişki kendi dönemleri içerisinde ve karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınmış, savaş olgusu bağımlı, toplumsal yapı ve devlet olgusu bağımsız değişken olarak belirlenmiştir. İnsanlık tarihinde toplumlar ortak paydada buluştukça ve şiddet tekeli merkezileştikçe savaş olgusunun manevra alanı genişlemiştir. Toplumsal mutabakat ve şiddet tekeli ilkel çağlardan modern çağa kadar doğrusal bir seyir izleyerek yıkıcılığını bir önceki döneme göre katlayarak ilerletmiştir. Öyle ki modern çağın savaş kayıpları, gerçek savaşların başladığı M.Ö. 3000'den günümüze kadar yaşanan savaşların kayıplarının %90'ına denk gelmektedir. Dolayısıyla toplumsal yapı tarihsel süreçte yurttaşlığa, devlet şiddet tekelinin tek sahibi olmaya, toplumsal yapı ve militarist devletlerin mutabakatı da savaşların yıkıcılığının sınır tanımazlığına gebedir.
This study discusses the phenomenon of war that can reach a destructive dimension by the means of human violence and force. As mankind has gotten closer to modern society and politics, its cumulative disruptiveness has increased reaching a destructive dimension. The study's distinctive aspect is that along with the phenomenon of war, it has focused on the social structure and the state which has been existing in the background of this phenomenon and as well as the concept of change which is thought to increase its destructiveness. In this study, it is aimed to understand the concepts and the notions from a Weberian approach of social sciences. Along with this, historical sociology methods have been used to establish the relationship between concepts and notions. Thus, the relationship between the phenomenon of war, social and political structures have been compared according to their ages: primitive, neolithic, middle and modern, where the phenomenon of war has been identified as a dependent variable whereas social structure and the concept of state have been identified as independent variables. In human history, as societies found a common ground and as the monopoly of violence has been centralized, the scope of this phenomenon's maneuver has expanded. Social consensus and the monopoly of violence has followed a linear course beginning from the primitive ages to the modern age where its disruptiveness has increased in relation to the previous periods. It has increased so much that the war casualties of the modern age correspond with 90% of the casualties of the real wars from B.C.E 3000 up to the present day. Therefore, in the historical process citizenship and being the sole owner of the monopoly of violence are inevitable results of social structure and the consensus between social structure and militaristic states are bound to the limitless destructiveness of war.
This study discusses the phenomenon of war that can reach a destructive dimension by the means of human violence and force. As mankind has gotten closer to modern society and politics, its cumulative disruptiveness has increased reaching a destructive dimension. The study's distinctive aspect is that along with the phenomenon of war, it has focused on the social structure and the state which has been existing in the background of this phenomenon and as well as the concept of change which is thought to increase its destructiveness. In this study, it is aimed to understand the concepts and the notions from a Weberian approach of social sciences. Along with this, historical sociology methods have been used to establish the relationship between concepts and notions. Thus, the relationship between the phenomenon of war, social and political structures have been compared according to their ages: primitive, neolithic, middle and modern, where the phenomenon of war has been identified as a dependent variable whereas social structure and the concept of state have been identified as independent variables. In human history, as societies found a common ground and as the monopoly of violence has been centralized, the scope of this phenomenon's maneuver has expanded. Social consensus and the monopoly of violence has followed a linear course beginning from the primitive ages to the modern age where its disruptiveness has increased in relation to the previous periods. It has increased so much that the war casualties of the modern age correspond with 90% of the casualties of the real wars from B.C.E 3000 up to the present day. Therefore, in the historical process citizenship and being the sole owner of the monopoly of violence are inevitable results of social structure and the consensus between social structure and militaristic states are bound to the limitless destructiveness of war.
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sosyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Siyasal Bilimler, Political Science, Sosyoloji
