Nano hidroksiapatit içeren beyazlatma ajanının sağlam ve demineralize diş minesi üzerinde etkisinin in vitro olarak incelenmesi
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Amaç: Bu in vitro çalışmanın amacı, %40 hidrojen peroksit, %40 hidrojen peroksit + nano hidroksiapatit içeren ofis tipi, %16 karbamid peroksit ve %6 hidrojen peroksit + nano hidroksiapatit içeren ev tipi beyazlatma ajanlarının, sağlam ve demineralize diş minesinin mikrosertlik ve yüzey pürüzlülüğüne etkilerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada sağlam insan üçüncü molar dişlerinden elde edilen toplam 120 adet mine örneği kullanıldı. Örneklerin yarısına demineralizasyon döngüsü uygulandı. Sağlam ve demineralize örnekler uygulanan beyazlatma ajanına göre 5 alt gruba ayrıldı (n=12). I: Kontrol (beyazlatma ajanı uygulaması yok), II: %40 hidrojen peroksit (Opalescence Boost, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, ABD), III: %16 karbamid peroksit (Opalescence PF %16, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, ABD), IV: %40 hidrojen peroksit + n-HAP (BioWhiten ProOfiice PowerHP %40, Biodent Medikal Ürünler ve Hizmetler Tic.Ltd.Şti., İstanbul, Türkiye), V: %6 hidrojen peroksit + n-HAP (Biodent Medikal Ürünler ve Hizmetler Tic.Ltd.Şti., İstanbul, Türkiye). Daha sonra örneklerin optik profilometre ile yüzey pürüzlülüğü değerleri ölçüldü. Vickers yüzey mikrosertlik değerleri kaydedildi. Her gruptan rastgele seçilen 3 örnek Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu ile X1000 ve X4000 büyütmelerde incelendi. Çalışmada elde edilen veriler, Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskall-Wallis H, Bonferroni post hoc testleri ile istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi (p<0,05). Bulgular: Çalışmanın bulgularına göre sağlam ve demineralizasyon döngüsüne tabi tutulan grupların yüzey pürüzlülük ve mikrosertlik değerleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0,05). Demineralizasyon varlığında %16 CP içeren ev tipi diş beyazlatma ajanı uygulanan grupta elde edilen pürüzlülük değeri, negatif kontrol grubuna ve %40 HP içeren ofis tipi diş beyazlatma ajanı uygulanan gruba göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p<0,05). %40 HP içeren diş beyazlatma ajanı uygulanan grubun mikrosertlik değerinin diğerlerine göre anlamlı derecede düşük olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,05). Negatif kontrol grubunun mikrosertlik değeri, %6 HP + n-HAP içeren ev tipi diş beyazlatma ajanı uygulanan grubun mikrosertlik değeriyle kıyaslandığında anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu (p<0,05). SEM analizinde demineralizasyon döngüsü uygulanan gruplarda daha pürüzlü bir yapı tespit edildi. Nano hidroksiapatit içeren beyazlatma ajanının uygulandığı örneklerde, n-HAP'in yüzeyde biriktiği alanlar dikkati çekti. Sonuç: Bu in vitro çalışmanın kısıtlılıkları dahilinde, demineralizasyona maruz kalan mine yüzeyinde n-HAP içeren ev tipi beyazlatma ajanlarının kullanılması önerilebilir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Diş beyazlatma, nano hidroksiapatit, demineralizasyon, remineralizasyon, yüzey mikrosertliği, yüzey pürüzlülüğü, SEM
Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the effects of office bleaching agents containing 40% hydrogen peroxide, 40% hydrogen peroxide + nano hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) and home bleaching agents containing 16% carbamide peroxide and 6% hydrogen peroxide + n-HAP on the microhardness and surface roughness of sound and demineralized tooth enamel. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 enamel specimens obtained from intact human third molar teeth were used in this study. The demineralization cycle was applied to half of the specimens. Sound and demineralized specimens were divided into 5 subgroups according to the bleaching agent applied (n=12). I: Control (no bleaching agent application), II: 40% hydrogen peroxide (Opalescence Boost, Ultradent, South) Jordan, UT, USA), III: 16% carbamide peroxide (Opalescence PF 16%, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA), IV: 40% hydrogen peroxide + n-HAP (BioWhiten ProOfiice PowerHP 40%, Biodent Medical Products and Services Tic.Ltd.Şti., Istanbul, Turkey), V: 6% HP hydrogen peroxide + n-HAP (BioWhiten ProHomeWhitening 6%, Biodent Medical Products and Services Tic.Ltd.Şti., Istanbul, Turkey). Then, surface roughness values were measured with the optical profilometer. The Vickers microhardness values were recorded. The three randomly selected specimens from each group were examined with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) at X1000 and X4000 magnifications. The data were statistically analyzed with Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskall-Wallis H and Bonferroni post hoc tests (p<0.05). Results: According to the findings of the study, a statistically significant difference was found between the surface roughness and microhardness values of the sound and demineralized groups (p<0.05). In the presence of demineralization, the roughness value obtained in the group treated with a home bleaching agent containing 16% CP was significantly higher than the negative control group and the group treated with for office bleaching agent containing 40% HP (p<0.05). It was determined that the microhardness value of the 40% HP containing group for office bleaching was significantly lower than the others (p<0.05). The microhardness value of the negative control group was found to be significantly lower when compared to the home bleaching agent group containing 6% HP + n-HAP (p<0.05). In the SEM analysis, a rougher structure was detected in the demineralized groups. In the nano hydroxyapatite containing bleaching agent groups, the n-HAP accumulated areas on the surface of the specimens attracted attention. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it might be recommended to use home bleaching agents containing n-HAP on enamel surfaces exposed to demineralization. Keywords: Dental bleaching, nano hydroxyapatite, demineralization, remineralization, surface roughness, surface microhardness, SEM
Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the effects of office bleaching agents containing 40% hydrogen peroxide, 40% hydrogen peroxide + nano hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) and home bleaching agents containing 16% carbamide peroxide and 6% hydrogen peroxide + n-HAP on the microhardness and surface roughness of sound and demineralized tooth enamel. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 enamel specimens obtained from intact human third molar teeth were used in this study. The demineralization cycle was applied to half of the specimens. Sound and demineralized specimens were divided into 5 subgroups according to the bleaching agent applied (n=12). I: Control (no bleaching agent application), II: 40% hydrogen peroxide (Opalescence Boost, Ultradent, South) Jordan, UT, USA), III: 16% carbamide peroxide (Opalescence PF 16%, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA), IV: 40% hydrogen peroxide + n-HAP (BioWhiten ProOfiice PowerHP 40%, Biodent Medical Products and Services Tic.Ltd.Şti., Istanbul, Turkey), V: 6% HP hydrogen peroxide + n-HAP (BioWhiten ProHomeWhitening 6%, Biodent Medical Products and Services Tic.Ltd.Şti., Istanbul, Turkey). Then, surface roughness values were measured with the optical profilometer. The Vickers microhardness values were recorded. The three randomly selected specimens from each group were examined with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) at X1000 and X4000 magnifications. The data were statistically analyzed with Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskall-Wallis H and Bonferroni post hoc tests (p<0.05). Results: According to the findings of the study, a statistically significant difference was found between the surface roughness and microhardness values of the sound and demineralized groups (p<0.05). In the presence of demineralization, the roughness value obtained in the group treated with a home bleaching agent containing 16% CP was significantly higher than the negative control group and the group treated with for office bleaching agent containing 40% HP (p<0.05). It was determined that the microhardness value of the 40% HP containing group for office bleaching was significantly lower than the others (p<0.05). The microhardness value of the negative control group was found to be significantly lower when compared to the home bleaching agent group containing 6% HP + n-HAP (p<0.05). In the SEM analysis, a rougher structure was detected in the demineralized groups. In the nano hydroxyapatite containing bleaching agent groups, the n-HAP accumulated areas on the surface of the specimens attracted attention. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it might be recommended to use home bleaching agents containing n-HAP on enamel surfaces exposed to demineralization. Keywords: Dental bleaching, nano hydroxyapatite, demineralization, remineralization, surface roughness, surface microhardness, SEM
Açıklama
Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Restoratif Diş Tedavisi Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Diş Hekimliği, Dentistry
