Türkiye'de göç yönetimi ve politikaları: Suriyeli mülteciler örneği
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Tarih
2020
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkiye, tarihsel süreçte hem göç almış hem göç vermiş hem de transit geçiş ülkesi olmuştur. Üç farklı göç tipinin bir arada yaşanması Türkiye için kapsamlı göç politikaları oluşturmayı zorunlu hale getirmiştir. Ayrıca göç olgusu, 2011 Suriye krizi sonrasında yaşanan kitlesel göç ile ayrı bir önem kazanmıştır. Türkiye'deki geçici koruma statüsüne sahip Suriyeli sayısı günümüz itibarıyla 3,6 milyonun üzerindedir. Türkiye'de bulunan Suriyelilerin geleceği belirsiz olup, Suriyelilerden kaynaklanan siyasal, sosyal, ekonomik ve güvenlik maliyetleri her geçen gün artmaktadır. Suriyeliler ile ilgili politikalar geçicilik temelinde inşa edilmekle birlikte aradan dokuz yılın geçmesi, her geçen gün Türkiye'ye giriş yapan Suriyeli sayısının artması geçicilik algısının yerini kalıcılık algısına bırakmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu bağlamda Suriyeliler özelinde göç yönetimi üzerine yeni kamu politikaları oluşturulmasına ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada göç yönetimi alanında yeni kamu politikaları oluşturma sürecine katkıda bulunmak amacıyla göç kavram ve kapsamı üzerinde durulmuş, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin göç tarihi ve politikaları ile uluslararası göç mevzuatı ortaya konmuştur. Arap Baharı süreci ve Suriye krizi kronolojik olarak ele alınmış, Suriyeli mülteci meselesi tüm yönleriyle analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın son bölümünde Suriyeli mültecilere yönelik izlenen göç politikaları değerlendirilmiş, göç tecrübesi olan yabancı ülke örnekleri incelenerek Suriyeli mülteciler özelinde yeni politika önerileri sunulmuştur.
Turkey has been immigrating, emigrating and transit country, along the history. Experiencing three different types of migration all at once has made it necessary to establish comprehensive immigration policies for Turkey. In addition, the fact of migration gained a special importance with the mass immigration experienced after the 2011 Syrian crisis. The number of Syrians in Turkey with temporary protection status as of today is over 3.6 million. The future of Syrians in Turkey is uncertain and political, social, economic and security costs arising from Syrians are increasing every day. Although policies about Syrians constructed based on transiency, because nine years have passed and the number of Syrians entering Turkey has been increasing day by day, perception of transiency has left their place to the perception of permanency. In this context, it is necessary to formulate new public policies on migration management specifically for Syrians. In this study, the concept and scope of migration have been dwelled on in order to contribute to the process of creating new public policies in the field of migration management. Migration history and politics of the Republic of Turkey and international migration legislations have also been demonstrated. The Arab Spring period and the Syrian crisis have been handled chronologically, and the Syrian refugee issue has been analyzed in all aspects. In the last part of the study, the migration policies implemented for Syrian refugees were evaluated, examples of foreign countries with immigration experience were examined, and new policy suggestions were presented specific to Syrian refugees.
Turkey has been immigrating, emigrating and transit country, along the history. Experiencing three different types of migration all at once has made it necessary to establish comprehensive immigration policies for Turkey. In addition, the fact of migration gained a special importance with the mass immigration experienced after the 2011 Syrian crisis. The number of Syrians in Turkey with temporary protection status as of today is over 3.6 million. The future of Syrians in Turkey is uncertain and political, social, economic and security costs arising from Syrians are increasing every day. Although policies about Syrians constructed based on transiency, because nine years have passed and the number of Syrians entering Turkey has been increasing day by day, perception of transiency has left their place to the perception of permanency. In this context, it is necessary to formulate new public policies on migration management specifically for Syrians. In this study, the concept and scope of migration have been dwelled on in order to contribute to the process of creating new public policies in the field of migration management. Migration history and politics of the Republic of Turkey and international migration legislations have also been demonstrated. The Arab Spring period and the Syrian crisis have been handled chronologically, and the Syrian refugee issue has been analyzed in all aspects. In the last part of the study, the migration policies implemented for Syrian refugees were evaluated, examples of foreign countries with immigration experience were examined, and new policy suggestions were presented specific to Syrian refugees.
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kamu Yönetimi, Public Administration
