Gaspıralı İsmail Bey'in dili ve üslûbu
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Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ortak bir dil kullanan eğitimli bir halk ile Türklerin kimliklerini koruyabileceğine inanan Gaspıralı İsmail Bey, "Tercüman" gazetesi vasıtasıyla Türk dünyasında ortak edebî Türk dili oluşturmak için yazılarıyla fikrî ve fiilî bir mücadele vermiştir. Gaspıralı'nın dili, "imparatorluk dili"nin sadeleştirilmiş, Arapça ve Farsça tamlama ve kurallardan arındırılmış, cümleleri kısaltılarak "millî" niteliklerini taşıyan temelinde; Kuzey ve Doğu Türkçesi söz varlığı ile zenginleştirilip ortaklaştırılmaya çalışılarak ve az da olsa yapısal unsurlarla karıştırılıp yakınlaştırılarak oluşturulmuştur. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde Gaspıralı İsmail Bey'in hayatı, fikirlerini yaymak için sürdürdüğü yayıncılık, eğitim, sosyal ve siyasi faaliyetleri ele alınmış, eserleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Dil incelemesinin yapıldığı ikinci bölümde; imlâsında zamanla meydana gelen değişiklikler ile Kuzey ve Doğu Türkçesine özgü, Türkiye Türkçesinden farklılaşan şekiller -ses, yapı ve sözcük varlığı- ortaya çıkarılmış, şekil bilgisi ve söz dizimi özellikleri incelenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde dil anlayışı, edebî yönü ve üslûp özellikleri ele alınmış, söz varlığını oluşturan çeşitli unsurlar sıralanmış, kelime sıklıkları sayısal verilerle ortaya koyulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Gaspıralı, Tercüman, ortak Türk dili, dil incelemesi, üslûp incelemesi.
Ismail Gasprinsky, convinced that only through an educated public using a common language would Turks be able to protect their identities, engaged himself in an ideological and active struggle to create a common Turkic language within the Turkic world through the "Tercüman" newspaper. Gasprinsky's language was a reformed and simplified version of the "imperial language" free from Arabic and Persian noun phrases and rules, and was based on shorter sentence structures with "national" qualities. It was characterized by the richness and mutuality of the Northern and Eastern Turkic vocabularies, and to a certain extent, by mixture and amalgamation of various structural elements.In the first chapter of this study, Ismail Gasprinsky's life, the publishing business he pursued to promulgate his ideas, as well as his educational, social and political activities are considered while his works are analyzed. In the second chapter, under the main heading of "Language Analysis", his orthographic rules are analyzed and the changes occurring in his dictation in time are put forward. Morpheme characteristics together with the phonetic peculiarities of Northern and Eastern Turkic, differing from the Turkish spoken in Türkiye, are analyzed in terms of phonetics, structure and vocabulary. Thereafter, the syntactic characteristics are analyzed. The third chapter examines the language perception, the literary aspect and stylistic qualities, further arranging various elements forming the vocabulary, and putting forward the word frequencies through numeric data. Keywords: Gasprinsky, Tercüman, common Turkic language, language analysis, styl analysis.
Ismail Gasprinsky, convinced that only through an educated public using a common language would Turks be able to protect their identities, engaged himself in an ideological and active struggle to create a common Turkic language within the Turkic world through the "Tercüman" newspaper. Gasprinsky's language was a reformed and simplified version of the "imperial language" free from Arabic and Persian noun phrases and rules, and was based on shorter sentence structures with "national" qualities. It was characterized by the richness and mutuality of the Northern and Eastern Turkic vocabularies, and to a certain extent, by mixture and amalgamation of various structural elements.In the first chapter of this study, Ismail Gasprinsky's life, the publishing business he pursued to promulgate his ideas, as well as his educational, social and political activities are considered while his works are analyzed. In the second chapter, under the main heading of "Language Analysis", his orthographic rules are analyzed and the changes occurring in his dictation in time are put forward. Morpheme characteristics together with the phonetic peculiarities of Northern and Eastern Turkic, differing from the Turkish spoken in Türkiye, are analyzed in terms of phonetics, structure and vocabulary. Thereafter, the syntactic characteristics are analyzed. The third chapter examines the language perception, the literary aspect and stylistic qualities, further arranging various elements forming the vocabulary, and putting forward the word frequencies through numeric data. Keywords: Gasprinsky, Tercüman, common Turkic language, language analysis, styl analysis.
Açıklama
Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Türk Dili Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı, Turkish Language and Literature
