Kedilerden izole edilen dermatofit etkenlerinin antifungal ilaç duyarlılıklarının belirlenmesi
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Microsporum spp. ve Nannizzia spp., kedilerde genellikle alopesi, eritem, kaşıntı, pullanma ve dairesel lezyonlarla karakterize klinik durumlara neden olan, dünya çapında yaygın zoofilik dermatofittir. Bu tez çalışmasında, Ankara ili ve çevresinde tamamı sahipli, evde beslenen ve deri lezyonu bulunan toplamda 195 kediden toplanan deri ve kıl örnekleri incelendi. İncelenen 195 örneğin, 28'i (%14,36) dermatofit pozitif olarak tespit edildi. Dermatofit olarak izole edilen 28 etkenden 26'sı Microsporum spp. (%92,86), 2'si Nannizzia spp. (%7,14) olarak identifiye edildi. Bu sonuçlara ek olarak, Aspergillus spp., Alternaria spp., Candida spp., Malassezia spp., Scopulariopsis spp., Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. gibi maya ve miselyal mantar türleri izole ve identifiye edildi. Bu çalışmada, kedilerden izole edilen dermatofitlerin itrakonazol, flukonazol, ketokonazol, klotrimazol, posakonazol ve vorikonazole karşı antifungal ilaç duyarlılıklarının ve minimal inhibisyon konsantrasyonlarının (MİK) belirlenmesi ve besiyerindeki farklılıklarını değerlendirmek amaçlandı. Bu amaçla, Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) ve Dermasel Agar (DA)'da disk difüzyon tekniği ve E-test yöntemleri kullanıldı. Disk difüzyon test sonuçlarına göre, Microsporum spp. (n=26)'nin zon çapı MHA ve DA'da sırasıyla posakonazol için 30,38; 29,61 mm, itrakonazol için 25,61; 24,76 mm, vorikonazol için 29,69; 27,30 mm, ketokonazol için 16,17; 12,30 mm, flukonazol için 8,8; 5,46 mm ve klotrimazol için 18,83; 16,15 mm; Nannizzia spp. (n=2)'nin posakonazol için 22; 32 mm, itrakonazol için 13; 20 mm, vorikonazol için 22; 21 mm, ketokonazol için 10; 15 mm, flukonazol için 5; 3 mm ve klotrimazol için 18; 20 mm ölçüldü. E-Test sonuçlarına göre Microsporum spp.'nin duyarlılıkları MHA ve DA'da sırasıyla posakonazole için 0,04; 0,44 µg/ml, itrakonazole için 0,34; 0,19 µg/ml, vorikonazol için 0,06 µg/ml, ketokonazol için 7,30; 8,63 µg/ml, flukonazol için 42,78; 36,94 µg/ml; Nannizzia spp.'nin posakonazole için 0,13; 0,14 µg/ml, itrakonazole için 2,19 µg/ml, vorikonazol için 0,07 µg/ml, ketokonazol için 6; 8 µg/ml olarak bulundu. Bu sonuçların aksine, tüm dermatofit izolatlarında klotrimazol için MİK değeri tespit edilmedi. Buna ek olarak, iki N. gypsea izolatında flukonazol için MİK değeri tespit edilmedi.
Microsporum spp. and Nannizzia spp. are widespread zoophilic dermatophytes worldwide that cause clinical conditions in cats, usually characterized by alopecia, erythema, itching, scaling and circular lesions. In this thesis, skin and hair samples collected from a total of 195 cats with skin lesions, all of which were owned, kept at home in and around Ankara province were analysed. Of the 195 samples, 28 (14.36%) were positive for dermatophytes. Of the 28 dermatophyte isolates, 26 were identified as Microsporum spp. (92.86%) and 2 as Nannizzia spp. (7.14%). In addition to the aforementioned results, yeast and mycelial fungal species, including Aspergillus spp., Alternaria spp., Candida spp., Malassezia spp., Scopulariopsis spp., Cladosporium spp. and Penicillium spp. were isolated and identified. To determine the antifungal drug susceptibilities and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of these dermatophytes against itraconazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, posaconazole and voriconazole, the disc diffusion technique and E-test methods were applied on Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) and Dermasel Agar (DA). The results of the disc diffusion test indicated that Microsporum spp. (n=26) exhibited a mean diameter of 30.38 and 29.61 mm for posaconazole, 25.61 and 24.76 mm for itraconazole, 29.69 and 27.30 mm for voriconazole, 16.17 and 12.30 mm for ketoconazole, 8.8 and 5.46 mm for fluconazole, 18.83; 16.15 mm for clotrimazole. The results for the remaining two Nannizzia spp. (n=2) were as follows: 22; 32 mm for posaconazole, 13; 20 mm for itraconazole, 22; 21 mm for voriconazole, 10; 15 mm for ketoconazole, 5; 3 mm for fluconazole and 18; 20 mm for clotrimazole in MHA and DA respectively. According to the E-Test results, the MIC values for Microsporum spp. were 0.04; 0.44 µg/ml for posaconazole, 0.34; 0.19 µg/ml for itraconazole, 0.06 µg/ml for voriconazole, ketoconazole 7.30; 8.63 µg/ml for ketoconazole, 42.78; 36.94 µg/ml for fluconazole. For Nannizzia spp., the MIC values were 0.13; 0.14 µg/ml for posaconazole, 2.19 µg/ml for itraconazole, 0.07 µg/ml for voriconazole, 6; 8 µg/ml for ketoconazole in MHA and DA respectively. In contrast to these results, no MIC value for clotrimazole was detected in all dermatophyte isolates. In addition, no MIC value for fluconazole was detected in two Nannizzia spp. isolates.
Microsporum spp. and Nannizzia spp. are widespread zoophilic dermatophytes worldwide that cause clinical conditions in cats, usually characterized by alopecia, erythema, itching, scaling and circular lesions. In this thesis, skin and hair samples collected from a total of 195 cats with skin lesions, all of which were owned, kept at home in and around Ankara province were analysed. Of the 195 samples, 28 (14.36%) were positive for dermatophytes. Of the 28 dermatophyte isolates, 26 were identified as Microsporum spp. (92.86%) and 2 as Nannizzia spp. (7.14%). In addition to the aforementioned results, yeast and mycelial fungal species, including Aspergillus spp., Alternaria spp., Candida spp., Malassezia spp., Scopulariopsis spp., Cladosporium spp. and Penicillium spp. were isolated and identified. To determine the antifungal drug susceptibilities and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of these dermatophytes against itraconazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, posaconazole and voriconazole, the disc diffusion technique and E-test methods were applied on Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) and Dermasel Agar (DA). The results of the disc diffusion test indicated that Microsporum spp. (n=26) exhibited a mean diameter of 30.38 and 29.61 mm for posaconazole, 25.61 and 24.76 mm for itraconazole, 29.69 and 27.30 mm for voriconazole, 16.17 and 12.30 mm for ketoconazole, 8.8 and 5.46 mm for fluconazole, 18.83; 16.15 mm for clotrimazole. The results for the remaining two Nannizzia spp. (n=2) were as follows: 22; 32 mm for posaconazole, 13; 20 mm for itraconazole, 22; 21 mm for voriconazole, 10; 15 mm for ketoconazole, 5; 3 mm for fluconazole and 18; 20 mm for clotrimazole in MHA and DA respectively. According to the E-Test results, the MIC values for Microsporum spp. were 0.04; 0.44 µg/ml for posaconazole, 0.34; 0.19 µg/ml for itraconazole, 0.06 µg/ml for voriconazole, ketoconazole 7.30; 8.63 µg/ml for ketoconazole, 42.78; 36.94 µg/ml for fluconazole. For Nannizzia spp., the MIC values were 0.13; 0.14 µg/ml for posaconazole, 2.19 µg/ml for itraconazole, 0.07 µg/ml for voriconazole, 6; 8 µg/ml for ketoconazole in MHA and DA respectively. In contrast to these results, no MIC value for clotrimazole was detected in all dermatophyte isolates. In addition, no MIC value for fluconazole was detected in two Nannizzia spp. isolates.
Açıklama
Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Mikrobiyoloji (Veterinerlik) Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Mikrobiyoloji, Microbiology, Veteriner Hekimliği
