Siyasal faydacılık: Tarihsel gelişimi ve çözümlenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2015
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışma felsefenin en çok tartışılan ekollerinden olan faydacılığın siyasal boyutunu konu edinmiştir. Köklü geçmişine ve değerli düşünürlerine rağmen kavramlarının yeterince anlaşılamaması, saptırılması ya da önyargılarla mahkûm edilmesi yüzünden akademik olarak hak ettiği saygıyı göremese de bu düşünce günümüz siyasetinde başta ABD olmak üzere tüm demokratik ülkelerde geçerli bir yaklaşımdır. İnsana, topluma ve devlete dair felsefenin pek çok dalında yaptığı tahlilleri hukuk ve siyaset alanına da başarıyla yansıtan bu ekol tarihte bilinen iki aydınlanma dönemi (sofistik Eski Yunan aydınlanması ve Rönesans sonrası Avrupa genelindeki Aydınlanma) ile birlikte yükselişe geçmiş, özgür düşüncenin bastırıldığı ortaçağda ise susturulmaya çalışılmıştır.Rönesans reform ve aydınlanma dönemlerinde bulunan çeşitli yazılı kaynakları ile tekrar işlenme imkânı bulunan bu düşünce ileriki süreçte anayasal hareketler, ABD'nin kurulması, demokratik temsil olan seçme ve seçilmenin yaygınlaştırılması gibi konularda adı gibi faydalı pek çok katkıda bulunmasına rağmen ne akademik, ne de aktif siyaset çevrelerinden gerekli ilgiyi görememiştir. Zamanlama olarak iki önemli faydacı Judt ve Rorty'nin kaybının ardından faydacılığın akademik olarak sahipsizleşmeye ve yalnızlaşmaya başladığı bir dönemde hazırlanan bu çalışma faydacılığı hem köklü bir felsefe hem de yeniliğini kaybetmeyen dinamik bir siyasa üretim biçimi olarak açıklamayı hedeflemektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Mutlulukçuluk, Hazcılık, Kitle Faydacılığı, Sonuç Faydacılığı, Çoğulculuk
This study focused of the political dimension of political pragmatism that is one of the most discussed schools of the philosophy. Despite its deep rooted history and recognised thinkers, it has never had the respect it deserved as a result of misunderstanding, deviation or prejudice of its terms, it is a very common approach either in the US politics or all other democratic countries. This school has been successfully reflected its great analysis in law and politics in many branches of the philosophy on the state and society, had increased together with known two enlightment periods (sophistic Ancient Greek and post Renaissance enlightment in Europe) in the history and it was tried to be silenced in the Middle Ages when the free thinking was suppressed. This school finding re-interpretation opportunity with various texts of Renaissance, Reformation and enlightment periods, has made very useful contribution as its name refers during constitutional movements, formation of the US, dissemination of democratic representation with elections, but still it was not respected as it was deserved among active politicians. Following the fade of two important pragmatists, Judt and Rorty, it was not owned academically and became alone during the period when this study is being prepared, this study aims to explain the pragmatism as either a rooted philosophy or a dynamic way of policy production maintaining its freshness. Key Words:Eudaimonism, Hedonism, Utilitarianism,Pragmatism, Pluralism
This study focused of the political dimension of political pragmatism that is one of the most discussed schools of the philosophy. Despite its deep rooted history and recognised thinkers, it has never had the respect it deserved as a result of misunderstanding, deviation or prejudice of its terms, it is a very common approach either in the US politics or all other democratic countries. This school has been successfully reflected its great analysis in law and politics in many branches of the philosophy on the state and society, had increased together with known two enlightment periods (sophistic Ancient Greek and post Renaissance enlightment in Europe) in the history and it was tried to be silenced in the Middle Ages when the free thinking was suppressed. This school finding re-interpretation opportunity with various texts of Renaissance, Reformation and enlightment periods, has made very useful contribution as its name refers during constitutional movements, formation of the US, dissemination of democratic representation with elections, but still it was not respected as it was deserved among active politicians. Following the fade of two important pragmatists, Judt and Rorty, it was not owned academically and became alone during the period when this study is being prepared, this study aims to explain the pragmatism as either a rooted philosophy or a dynamic way of policy production maintaining its freshness. Key Words:Eudaimonism, Hedonism, Utilitarianism,Pragmatism, Pluralism
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Siyasal Bilimler, Political Science
