II. Abdülhamid ile İttihat ve Terakki idaresi'nin ekonomi politikalarının değerlendirilmesi
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Sultan II. Abdülhamid, Sultan Abdülmecid ve Sultan Abdülaziz dönemleri ve Sultan V. Murat'ın kısa süreli saltanatından sonra ekonomik açıdan zor durumda olan bir devletin başına geçmiştir. Devletin içinde bulunduğu iktisadi durum Sultan II. Abdülhamid'in tüm saltanat dönemi boyunca uygulayacağı politikaların ana odak noktasını oluşturmuştur. Sultan, devletin tüm imkânlarını geçmiş dönemlerden kendisine miras kalan borçları ödemek için kullanmıştır. Düyûn-ı Umûmiyye İdaresi'nin Osmanlı gelirleri üzerinde kurduğu tekel ve bununla beraber Osmanlı pazarına hâkim olan Avrupa ekonomisi Sultan II. Abdülhamid'e karşı olan muhalefetin şekillenmesinde ana dayanaklardan birini oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın giriş bölümünde Sultan Abdülmecid ve Sultan Abdülaziz dönemi devletin içerisinde bulunduğu ekonomik durum ele alınmıştır. Bu durumun Sultan II. Abdülhamid dönemine kalan borçların oluşmasındaki etkisinden bahsedilmiştir. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünde Sultan II. Abdülhamid dönemi devletin içinde bulunduğu ekonomik durumdan ve geliştirilen iktisadi politikalardan bahsedilmiştir ve Sultan II. Abdülhamid yönetimine karşı oluşan Jön Türk muhalefetinin tepki gösterdiği ekonomik durumlara yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde ise Jön Türk muhalefetinin oluşması iktidara gelmesi ve İttihat ve Terakki dönemi ekonomi politikasından bahsedilmiştir. Çalışmanın son bölümünde ise Sultan II. Abdülhamid dönemi ve İttihat ve Terakki politikasının değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Çalışmada kaynak olarak döneminde kaleme alınmış eserler başta olmak üzere döneminde yazılmış devlet arşivlerinden alınmış belgeler yabancı kaynaklar ve tenkit eserler kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı Sultan II. Abdülhamid dönemi ekonomik durumun, ekonomi politikalarının sultana karşı muhalefetin oluşmasındaki etkisini anlatmak olmuştur. Sultana karşı muhalefetin oluşmasında ve gelişmesinde sultanın uyguladığı ekonomik politikalar ve sultanın saltanat döneminde olan ekonomik gelişmeler büyük bir öneme sahip olmuştur. Ülkedeki kötü ekonomik durumun ve ülke pazarında büyük bir paydaya sahip olan Avrupa sermayesinin tek sorumlusu olarak muhalefet sultanı görmüş ve eleştirilerini sultanın şahsında birleştirmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: İktisat, Osmanlı Devleti, II. Abdülhamid
Sultan II. Abdulhamid, Sultan Abdulmecid and Sultan Abdulaziz periods and Sultan V. After Murat's short reign, he became head of an economically difficult state.The economic situation in which the state is located has become the main focus of the policies that Sultan Abdulhamid will apply throughout his entire reign. The Sultan used all the facilities of the state to pay the debts inherited from the past periods. The monopoly established by the Duyun-ı Public Administration on Ottoman revenues and the European economy, which dominates the Ottoman market, were one of the main pillars in shaping the opposition to Sultan Abdulhamid.In the introduction section of the study, the economic situation in the state during the period of Sultan Abdulmecid and Sultan Abdul Aziz is discussed. It was mentioned that this situation was the formation of debts left over from the period of Sultan Abdulhamid. In the first part of the study, the economic situation in the state during the reign of Sultan Abdulhamid and the developed economic policies were mentioned and the economic situations in which the young Turkish opposition to the rule of Sultan Abdulhamid reacted were given. In the second part of the study, the formation of the young Turkish opposition to power and the economic policy of the Ittihat and Terakki period were mentioned. In the last part of the study, the period of Sultan Abdulhamid and the policy of Union and progress were evaluated.In the study, foreign sources and critical works were used as sources, especially works written during the period, as well as documents taken from state archives written during the period. The aim of the study was to explain the economic situation and economic policies of Sultan Abdulhamid period and the formation of opposition to the Sultan. In the formation and development of opposition to the Sultan, the economic developments implemented by the Sultan or during the Sultan's reign were of great importance. The opposition saw the Sultan as the sole responsible for the poor economic situation in the country and the European Capital, which has a large denominator in the country's market, and they combined their criticism in the person of the Sultan. Key Words: economy, Ottoman Empire, II. Abdulhamid
Sultan II. Abdulhamid, Sultan Abdulmecid and Sultan Abdulaziz periods and Sultan V. After Murat's short reign, he became head of an economically difficult state.The economic situation in which the state is located has become the main focus of the policies that Sultan Abdulhamid will apply throughout his entire reign. The Sultan used all the facilities of the state to pay the debts inherited from the past periods. The monopoly established by the Duyun-ı Public Administration on Ottoman revenues and the European economy, which dominates the Ottoman market, were one of the main pillars in shaping the opposition to Sultan Abdulhamid.In the introduction section of the study, the economic situation in the state during the period of Sultan Abdulmecid and Sultan Abdul Aziz is discussed. It was mentioned that this situation was the formation of debts left over from the period of Sultan Abdulhamid. In the first part of the study, the economic situation in the state during the reign of Sultan Abdulhamid and the developed economic policies were mentioned and the economic situations in which the young Turkish opposition to the rule of Sultan Abdulhamid reacted were given. In the second part of the study, the formation of the young Turkish opposition to power and the economic policy of the Ittihat and Terakki period were mentioned. In the last part of the study, the period of Sultan Abdulhamid and the policy of Union and progress were evaluated.In the study, foreign sources and critical works were used as sources, especially works written during the period, as well as documents taken from state archives written during the period. The aim of the study was to explain the economic situation and economic policies of Sultan Abdulhamid period and the formation of opposition to the Sultan. In the formation and development of opposition to the Sultan, the economic developments implemented by the Sultan or during the Sultan's reign were of great importance. The opposition saw the Sultan as the sole responsible for the poor economic situation in the country and the European Capital, which has a large denominator in the country's market, and they combined their criticism in the person of the Sultan. Key Words: economy, Ottoman Empire, II. Abdulhamid
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tarih, History
