Kadızâdeliler ile Halvetîler Arasında Semâ-Deverân Tartışmaları ve Kadızâdelilerin Deverân Aleyhtarlığının Altında Yatan Sebeplerin Mezhebî-Tasavvufî Aidiyetleri Açısından Analizi
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Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Osmanlı devletinde kuruluşundan itibaren varlığını sürdüren çeşitli tasavvufî ekollerin bir ritüel haline getirdiği semâ ile deverân, özellikle 15. yüzyıldan itibaren ulemâ ile meşâyıh arasında en çok tartışılan hususular arasında yer almıştır. Serdedilen görüşler açısından bu hususta ulemâ ile meşâyıhı deverân-ı sûfiyenin dinî meşruiyetini savunanlar ve caiz olmadığını iddia edenler olmak üzere ikiye ayırmak mümkündür. Bu grupların ilkini daha çok meşâyıh, ikincisini ise ulemâ oluşturmaktadır. Söz konusu tartışmalar 16. yüzyılın başlarından itibaren artmış ve 17. yüzyıla dek süregelmiştir. Tartışmalar üzerine bir yandan deverânın meşruiyetini ortaya koyar nitelikte çeşitli risâleler kaleme alınırken, bir yandan da bu risâlelere reddiye niteliğinde bir takım eserler telif edilmiştir. Bu hususta yazılan eserler zamanla bir semâ-deverân literatürü oluşturmuştur. 17. Yüzyılda Kadızâde Mehmed Efendi’nin (ö. 1045/1635) düşünceleri etrafında şekillenen Kadızâdeliler hareketinin bir takım radikal tutum ve düşünceleriyle tartışma yeniden alevlenmiştir. Halvetî meşâyıhının onlara muhalefet etmesiyle konuya dair lehte ve aleyhte bir takım eserler kaleme alınmıştır. İşte bu çalışmada Kadızâdeliler ile Sivasîler arasında cereyan eden tartışmaların tarihî seyri ele alınarak, tarafeynin konuya ilişkin kaleme aldıkları eserler ve ileri sürdükleri görüşler aktarılmıştır. Ayrıca Kadızâdelilerin semâ-deverân aleyhtarlığının altında yatan mezhebi ve tasavvufî sebepler sorgulanmıştır.
The sam? and the dawar?n which have been a ritual by various Sufi schools that have existed in the Ottoman state since its foundation, have been among he most discussed issues between the ulama and mash?yıkh, especially since the 15th century. In terms of the opinions expressed, it is possible to divide the ulama and mash?yıkh on this issue into two as those who defend the religious legitimacy of dawar?n al-s?fiya and those who claim that it is not permissible. The first of these groups is mostly mash?yıkh and the second is the ulama. The aforementioned discussions have increased since the beginnig of the 16th century and continued until the 17th century. Some sects such as Halwat? and Mawlaw? sects were adversely affected by these disputes due to their adoption of vocal dhikr. On the one hand, various books that reveal the legitimacy of the dawar?n were written upon the discussion, on the other hand some works of rejection of these books were written. The works written on this subject have formed a sam?-dawar?n literature over time. In the 17th century the discussion started again with some radical attitudes and thoughts of the Q?d?-z?del?s movement, which was shaped around the thoughts of Q?d?-z?de Mehmed Efendi (d. 1045/1635). With the opposition of Halwat? mash?yıkh to them, a number of pros and cons were writen on the subject. So in this study, the historical course of discussions between the Q?d?-z?del?s and the Siv?s?s was handled and the works written by the either party on the subject and the views they put forward were conveyed. In addition, the denominational and mystical reasons underlying the sam?-dawar?n of the Q?d?-z?del?s were questioned.
The sam? and the dawar?n which have been a ritual by various Sufi schools that have existed in the Ottoman state since its foundation, have been among he most discussed issues between the ulama and mash?yıkh, especially since the 15th century. In terms of the opinions expressed, it is possible to divide the ulama and mash?yıkh on this issue into two as those who defend the religious legitimacy of dawar?n al-s?fiya and those who claim that it is not permissible. The first of these groups is mostly mash?yıkh and the second is the ulama. The aforementioned discussions have increased since the beginnig of the 16th century and continued until the 17th century. Some sects such as Halwat? and Mawlaw? sects were adversely affected by these disputes due to their adoption of vocal dhikr. On the one hand, various books that reveal the legitimacy of the dawar?n were written upon the discussion, on the other hand some works of rejection of these books were written. The works written on this subject have formed a sam?-dawar?n literature over time. In the 17th century the discussion started again with some radical attitudes and thoughts of the Q?d?-z?del?s movement, which was shaped around the thoughts of Q?d?-z?de Mehmed Efendi (d. 1045/1635). With the opposition of Halwat? mash?yıkh to them, a number of pros and cons were writen on the subject. So in this study, the historical course of discussions between the Q?d?-z?del?s and the Siv?s?s was handled and the works written by the either party on the subject and the views they put forward were conveyed. In addition, the denominational and mystical reasons underlying the sam?-dawar?n of the Q?d?-z?del?s were questioned.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
İslam Mezhepleri Tarihi, Hanefîlik-Mâtürîdîlik, Osmanlı Devleti, Kadızâdeliler Hareketi, Semâ-deverân., History of Islamic Sects, Hanafism-M?tur?dism, Ottoman Empire, Q?d?-z?del?s Movement, Sam?-Dawar?n., Religious Studies
Kaynak
Kalemname
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
6
Sayı
11-34
