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Öğe Autorevascularization of the testicle and spermatic vessels by Madder pedicle flap: an experimental study(W B Saunders Co, 2005) Somuncu, Salih; Rızalar, Rıza; Arıtürk, Ender; Bernay, FeritPurpose: The aim of the study was to investigate revascularization of the testicle through its own tissue and spermatic vessels by a bladder pedicle flap in rabbits. Methods: Thirty male rabbits were used in the study. In 10 animals, the Fowler-Stephens (FS) procedure was applied to the right testicles (FS group). The FS procedure and revascularization of the testicle by a bladder pedicle flap were applied to the right testicles in 10 animals (FSO group). No surgical procedure was performed in the control group. Scintigraphic study was performed 3 weeks after the high ligation procedure in the FS and FSO groups. Both testicles were evaluated by radionuclide scintigraphy in all the animals. Macroscopic testicle weights were evaluated. Testicular biopsy scores and mean seminiferous tubule diameters were determined in the histopathologic study. Results: The testicular blood flow of the FSO group was better than the FS group (P <.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the FSO and the control groups (P >.01). Testicle weights, testicular biopsy scores, and seminiferous tubule diameters ill the FSO group were detected, and there was a statistically significant difference when compared with the FS group (P <.05) but not with the control group (P >.01). Conclusion: We suppose that the surgical model of revascularization of the testicle through its own tissue and spermatic vessels by a bladder pedicle flap can be an alternative to the FS procedure in abdominal and high canalicular undescended testicles. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Caustic esophageal injury decreases the number of interstitial cells of Cajal in the rat esophagus(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2010) Soyer, Tutku; Ayva, Sebnem; Somuncu, Salih; Atasoy, Pinar; Kanmaz, Turan; Cakmak, MuratAim: To evaluate the effect of caustic esophageal injury (CEI) on the number of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) Materials and methods: Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups. control, acid, and alkali induced CEI CEI was performed by the injection of 1 mL of 10% hypochloric acid in the acid group, and 1 mL of 10% sodium hydroxide was injected into the alkali group. Distal esophageal segments were removed 24 h after injection CEI was graded and the number of ICC were investigated (CD-117 staining) The number of ICC was compared in groups and correlated with CEI grades Results: Typical histopathologic features of CEI were encountered in acid (mean grade 0 25 +/- 0.15), and in alkali (median 2, range. 1 25-3) groups The number of ICC was decreased in both the acid (mean 12 8 +/- 9.2) and alkali (median 2, range 0.0-4 0) groups with respect to the control group (mean 30 5 +/- 6 5) (P < 0 05) In addition, alkali group had a decreased number of ICC, when compared to the acid group (P < 0 05) Histopathologic grading showed an inverse correlation with number of ICC in both the acid (rs: 0 678) and alkali (rs 0.759) groups Conclusion: CEI decreases the number of ICC in the rat esophagus. Alkali caustics cause a higher grade of esophageal injury and a greater decrease in the number of ICC Motility disorders after caustic ingestion may be related to the decreased number of ICCÖğe The effect of indwelling catheter on OH-proline in the urethral wound: An experimental study(2006) Somuncu, Salih; Çağlayan, Osman; Çakmak, Murat; Çağlayan, Fatma; Ulusoy, SevgiObjective: To investigate the effect of catheterization on urethral wound healing by measuring OH-proline. Methods: Eighteen male New Zealand albino rabbits were divided equally into three groups. In the control group, urethral tissue samples were taken from the ventral penile surface. In group II, the ventral penile surface was incised and primarily repaired by 6/0 polydioxanone. In group III, the incised urethra was repaired by 6/0 polydioxanone and a urethral catheter was inserted. Tissue samples were taken on the 20th postoperative day in groups II and III. Tissue OH-proline levels were measured by the method of Bergman and Loxley. The Kruskal-Wallis statistical test was used for evaluation. Results: OH-proline values as ?g/mg dry tissue were 16.43 ± 2.68 in the control group, 14.47 ± 1.82 in group II and 14.63 ± 0.63 in group III. There was no significant difference between the three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Use of a urethral catheter does not appear to have a direct effect on collagen synthesis in wound healing. © 2005 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company.Öğe Effect of paralysis of the abdominal wall muscles by botulinum A toxin to intraabdominal pressure: an experimental study(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2006) Çakmak, Murat; Cağlayan, Fatma; Somuncu, Salih; Leventoğlu, Alev; Ulusoy, Sevgi; Akman, Hülya; Kaya, MuratPurpose: To show the effect of botulinum A toxin-induced paralysis of abdominal muscles oil intraabdominal pressure. Material and Methods: Fifteen Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups. An abdominal skin incision was done, and 2 catheters were placed for the pressure monitoring and saline infusion. Saline Solution was given to the abdomen until reaching to a pressure level of 9 cm H2O and 6 min Hg in pressure device, and the amounts of injected saline were recorded. Then intraabdominal saline was drained. Two milliliters (5 U/mL) botulinum A toxin was applied to the abdominal muscles in group 2. Saline was injected at the same points in same amounts in group 1. After 3 days, catheters were placed, and the saline volumes needed to obtain the same pressure levels were recorded for each rat. Spontaneous motor unit potential (MUP), single MUP analysis and interference patterns of the muscles, respiratory rates, and vascular pressure measurements were recorded before and after botulinum toxin (Botox) injections. Results: Mean intraabdominal saline volumes in the first and third days were 63.8 and 64.4 mL in group 1 and 67.6 and 80.6 mL in group 2, respectively. Mean MUP amplitude and duration of the rectus muscles in group 2 (17.1 mu V and 1.47 milliseconds) were significantly lower than those of group I (187 mu V and 4.9 milliseconds) in the third day. There were no pathological changes in respiratory rates and pressure measurements before and after Botox injections. Conclusion: This pilot experimental study showed that local injection of botulinum A toxin causes paralysis in abdominal wall muscles, increases the intraabdominal volume, and decreases the pressure, and this application may be used as ail adjunct in abdominal Wall Closure in selective cases. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Embryologic preputial sinus remnant mimicking urethral duplication(2006) Somuncu, Salih; Çağlayan, Fatma; Çakmak, Murat; Ulusoy, SevgiUrethral duplications are rare congenital anomalies. Approximately 200 cases of urethral duplications have been reported in literature. We present a seven-year-old-boy with an embryologic preputial sinus remnant which was mimicking urethral duplication. The clinical presentations and embryology of the urethral duplication and preputial sinus are discussed.Öğe Idiopathic benign bilateral testicular enlargement in a pubertal boy: a case report and review of literature(W B Saunders Co, 2005) Somuncu, Salih; Çakmak, Murat; Çağlayan, Fatma; Akman, Hülya; Ulusoy, Sevgi; Kaya, MuratWe present a case of 12-year-old boy with idiopathic benign bilateral testicular enlargement. We eliminated precocious puberty, juvenile hypothyroidism, adrenal rest tumors, X-linked mental retardation, and bilateral testicular neoplasms. The clinical and laboratory features and differential diagnosis of benign bilateral testicular enlargement are discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe In vitro sensitivity of mouse esophagus to agonists in different pH medium values(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2007) Soyer, Tutku; Keskil, Zuhal Aktuna; Somuncu, Salih; Aydos, Tolga Reşat; Korkut, Oğuzhan; Kanmaz, Turan; Çakmak, MuratAim: The aim of this study is to determine the in vitro sensitivity of mouse esophagus to contracting and relaxing agonists in different pH medium values. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight Swiss albino mice (30-40 g) of both sexes were anesthetized with tiopental sodium (30 mg/kg). After exsanguinations from abdominal artery, esophagi were removed and suspended under 0.6 g of resting tension in a tissue bath containing 10 mL of Krebs solution at 37 C. The experiments were performed in different pH mediums 7.4, 6.4, 4, and 2. Carbachol and acetylcholine were used as contractile agonists, and noradrenalin and isoproterenol to evaluate relaxation responses. Data concerning similar concentrations of contractile agonists obtained from different pH mediums were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric analysis of variance and post hoc Dunn test. Relaxation responses were compared with Student t test. A P value less than .05 was considered significant. The study was approved by Local Ethical Committee of Kmkkale University. Results: Carbachol and acetylcholine caused concentration-dependent contractility in pH 7.4, 6.4, and 4, but contractile responses were inhibited in pH 2. In carbachol and acetylcholine experiments, there was a significant decrease in contractile responses to all concentrations in conjunction with a decreased in pH value. Relaxation responses in pH 2 and 4 could not be obtained because precontraction of tissues was not possible. Noradrenalin and isoproterenol produced concentration-dependent relaxations in pH 7.4 and 6.4. Although noradrenalin responses showed no significant difference according to pH, isoproterenol caused better relaxations in pH 6.4 (between 10(-8) and 10(-6) mol/L) when compared to pH 7.4 studies. Conclusion: The mouse esophagus has impaired contractile responses to carbachol and acetylcholine in decreased pH values. Contraction responses did not occur in pH medium of 2. In contrast, esophagus segments showed better relaxations in lower pH values with isoproterenol. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Investigation of OH-proline contents of hernia sacs in children and comparison with adults(Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2005) Çağlayan, Fatma; Çağlayan, Osman; Çakmak, Murat; Saygun, Oral; Somuncu, Salih; Ulusoy, Sevgi; Akman, HPurpose: One of the factors suggested to be causative in hernia formation is defective collagen metabolism. In this study, we investigated whether there is any relationship between the collagen contents of indirect hernial sacs and certain demographic and anatomic parameters. Methods: Hernial sac hydroxyproline levels were measured in 100 pediatric and 23 adult indirect inguinal hernia cases as indicators of collagen concentrations. Hydroxyproline levels were compared between boys and girls, right and left sided hernias, unilateral and bilateral cases, children and adults. Whether there was any relationship between patient age and hydroxyproline level was also investigated. Results: No difference was found between males and females (p > 0.05), right and left sided hernias (p > 0.05) or unilateral and bilateral cases (p > 0.05). Hydroxyproline levels of adults were found to be significantly higher than those of children (p = 0.000). There was also a positive correlation between age and hydroxyproline levels of boys (r = 0.285, p = 0.023). Conclusion: Although a relationship between direct inguinal hernia and collagen structure has been shown by some investigators, we were unable to point to any significant findings which would indicate such a relationship in indirect inguinal hernia cases. Further studies on hydroxyproline levels in peritoneal samples will be necessary to understand the role of peritoneal hydroxyproline levels in hernia formation.Öğe Ischemia-reperfusion injury of rabbit ovary and protective effect of trapidil: an experimental study(Springer, 2008) Somuncu, Salih; Cakmak, Murat; Dikmen, Gunnur; Akman, Huelya; Kaya, MuratWe aimed to detect the protective effect of trapidil in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury due to ovarian torsion and detorsion. Thirty-two pubertal New Zealand albino rabbits were used. Adnexal torsion was created by rotating the left adnexa including the tubal and ovarian vessels in a 360 clockwise direction. Adnexal detorsion was done by untwisting the adnexa. In the IR group, left oopherectomy was performed after 3 h of adnexal torsion and 3 h of adnexal detorsion. In the study group, a 3-h adnexal torsion was performed and trapidil was administered intraperitoneally as a single dose of 40 mg/kg, 1 h before detorsion. The left oopherectomy was performed after a 3-h adnexal detorsion. In the sham group, sham operation was performed followed by left oopherectomy. In the control group, normal ovarian tissue was evaluated. Catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of ovarian tissue were determined for each group. The values of SOD and GSH-Px activities in the IR group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). In addition, the MDA level was significantly higher in the IR group (P < 0.01). The trapidil-administered group showed significant increase in the levels of GSH-Px (P < 0.05), catalase (P < 0.05), SOD (P < 0.05), and decreased MDA levels (P < 0.05) compared to those in the IR group. The study has shown that trapidil treatment prevents ischemia induced oxidative damage in the ovarian tissues of rabbits.Öğe Protective effect of selenium on intussusception-induced ischemia/reperfusion intestinal oxidative injury in rats(Tubitak Scientific & Technical Research Council Turkey, 2010) Akman, Hulya; Somuncu, Salih; Dikmen, Gunnur; Ayva, Sebnem; Soyer, Tutku; Dogan, Pakize; Cakmak, MuratAim: To evaluate the protective effect of selenium on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury due to intussusception. Materials and methods: Forty Wistar albino rats were allocated to 4 equal groups (n = 10) After anesthetization, 2 cm of intestinal segment, 20 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve, was removed in the control group (CG) In the intussusception group (ING), intussusception was performed 20 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve by pushing the proximal intestinal segment distally with a stylet, and 2 cm of intestinal segment was removed 4 h later Intussusception was reduced and a 2 cm segment was removed after another 4 h period in the intussusception-reduction group (IRG). The selenium group (SG) received 0.2 mg kg(-1) of selenium in 10 mL of 0 9% NaCl solution intraperitoneally 20 min before reduction and segments were removed 411 thereafter Intestinal tissues were evaluated for histopathological grades and oxidative injury markers Results: Histopathologic evaluations among the 4 groups did not reveal a significant difference (P > 0 05) Although catalase activity was decreased in all groups, increased activity was found in SG compared with IRG (P < 0 05) GSH-Px and SOD activities were also found to have decreased in ING and IRG (P < 0 05) CG and SG had no difference in GSH-Px and SOD activities (P > 0 05) Malondialdehyde (MDA) activities did not differ between CG and SG, but the MDA level was Increased in ING and IRG when compared with CG (P < 0 05) Conclusion: Although selenium prevents oxidative injury by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activity in experimental intussusception, minim effects on histopathologic findings were not detectedÖğe Protective effects of trapidil in ischemia-reperfusion injury due to testicular torsion and detorsion: An experimental study(Blackwell Publishing, 2006) Somuncu, Salih; Çakmak, Murat; Erdoğan, Sibel; Cağlayan, Osman; Akman, Hülya; Kaya, MuratObjective: We aimed to detect the preventive effects of trapidil in ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury due to testicular torsion and detorsion. Methods: Forty prepubertal albino rats were used. In the IR group, torsion was created by rotating the left testis over 2 h, and detorsion was done by untwisting the testis. Bilateral orchiectomies were performed after 4 h. In study group, 2-h torsion was performed and trapidil was administered as a single dose I h before detorsion. Bilateral orchiectomies were performed after 4 h. In the sham group, a sham operation was done. In the sham plus trapidil group, a sham operation was done and trapidil was administered as a single dose. Testicular tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and total sulfhydryl (T-SH) levels were determined for each group. The grades of interstitial injury were determined in histopathologic examination. Results: The NO and MDA levels in the IR group were significantly higher than the study, sham and sham plus trapidil groups in the left testis (P < 0.05 P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). A statistical difference was not found among Study, sham and sham plus trapidil groups in the left testis in NO and MDA levels (P > 0.05). The T-SH level in the study group was significantly higher than in the IR. sham and sham plus trapidil groups in left testis P < 0.05). In the IR group (left testis), grade I interstitial injury was 30% (3/10), grade 2 injury was 60% (6/10) and grade 3 injury was 10% (1/10). In the study group (left testis), grade I interstitial injury was 30% (3/10) and there was no injury in 70% (7/10). Conclusion: Trapidil decreased free oxygen radical formation in testicular torsion and detorsion, and attenuated histopathological damage in the ipsilateral twisted testis.Öğe A rare umbilical anomaly: Trunk like umbilicus(Blackwell Publishing, 2008) Soyer, Tutku; Aliefendioglu, Didem; Somuncu, Salih; Cakmak, Murat…Öğe Testicular epidermoid cyst and organ preserving surgery(Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd, 2006) Somuncu, Salih; Cakmak, Murat; Atasoy, Pınar; Akman, Hülya; Ulusoy, SevgiEpidermoid cyst is a rare and non-teratomatous, benign tumour of the testis. Testis-sparing surgery is recommended as surgical treatment. We present a 9-year-old-boy with testicular epidermoid cyst. The embryology, histogenesis and treatment of epidermoid cyst of testis, are discussed.Öğe Trapidil, an inhibitor for phosphodiesterase and platelet-derived-growth factor, ameliorates corrosive esophageal burn in rats(Tohoku Univ Medical Press, 2005) Somuncu, Salih; Çakmak, Murat; Erdoğan, Sibel; Çağlayan, Osman; Akman, Hülya; Kaya, MuratCorrosive esophageal burn is a common health problem in the pediatric age group and causes serious esophageal injuries. The medical treatment In acute phase of corrosive esophageal injury is of particular importance for prevention of esophageal stricture. We therefore aimed to investigate the possible beneficial effect of trapidil (triazolopyrimidine), an inhibitor for phosphodiesterase and platelet-derived-growth-factor, during acute phase of esophageal corrosive injury. Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated to untreated, treated, and sham-operated groups (n = 10 for each group). Corrosive esophageal burn was generated with 10% NaOH solution. The rats were left untreated (untreated group) or treated with trapidil as a single dose of 40 mg/kg intraperitoneally after one hour of the injury (treated group). Abdominal esophageal segment was isolated and tied in sham-control group. The studied esophageal segment was removed from each animal after 24 hours. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured in the esophageal tissues. The ulcer depth was graded by histopathologic examination. MDA and NO levels were significantly higher in the untreated group than in the treated group. Namely, trapidil treatment significantly decreased MDA and NO levels in the injured tissues, the levels of which are similar to those in the tissues of control animals. The grades of ulcer depth were significantly improved in the treated group. These results indicate that the reactive oxygen radicals increase in the early phase of corrosive esophagitis and cause tissue damage. We suggest that trapidil treatment may be useful in acute phase of corrosive esophageal injury.Öğe VACTERL-H associated with central hypothyroidism: A case report(Medecine Et Hygiene, 2007) Aliefendioğlu, Didem; Bademci, Gülşah; Keskil, S.; Somuncu, Salih; Mısırlıoğlu, E.; Çakmak, Ahmet MuratVACTERL-H associated with central hypothyroidism: A case report: The VACTERL-14 syndrome is a rare combination of vertebral anomalies, anal atresia, congenital heart defects, tracheo-esophageal fistula, abnormalities of kidneys and limb anomalies together with hydrocephalus. This condition is recognized as a hereditary entity with poor prognosis. We present a newborn weighing 3400 g, born by cesarean section to a 27 years old mother who had had an irregular antenatal follow-up. The patient had severe hydrocephalus, proximal esophageal atresia and distal tracheoesophageal fistula, gastric outlet obstruction, imperforated anus and recto-urethral fistula, patent ductus arterious, a bifid scrotum, a vertebral defect, sacral dimple and central hypothyroidism. The patient had no limb defects. The association of central hypothyroidism and VACTER-L-H has previously not been reported.
