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The milk IGF-2 level is positively correlated with milk yield in Anatolian water buffaloes
(Int Buffalo Information Ctr, 2023) Güler, Hakan; Yarim, Gül Fatma; Yarim, Murat; Duru, Özkan; Gökçeoğlu, Ayris
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between milk insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) concentration and milk yield in Anatolian water buffaloes. This study was conducted on milk samples from 80 Anatolian water buffaloes. Milk samples collected from buffaloes were evaluated for subclinical mastitis. For this purpose, the California mastitis test and somatic cell count were performed in milk samples taken from four different mammary lobes of buffaloes. The milk IGF-2 level was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Milk IGF-2 concentration ranged from 21.6 ng/ml -63.2 ng/ml in Anatolian water buffaloes. The IGF-2 concentration in Anatolian water buffaloes milk was 40.1 & PLUSMN;8.5 ng/ml. Milk IGF-2 was positively correlated with milk yield (r2=0.941, P<0.01). Our results showed that milk IGF-2 concentration was associated with milk yield in Anatolian buffaloes. These findings show that locally synthesized IGF-2 can affect milk yield. This study contributes to the understanding of the composition of buffalo milk, which has an important value in human nutrition. It is recommended to confirm the results of similar measurements in milk from other animal species used for human consumption.
Cafeteria diet can cause systemic inflammation and oxidative damage in the various tissues
(Ios Press, 2024) Tursun, Serkan; Şahin, Yaşar; Alcigir, Mehmet Eray; Çınar, Miyase; Karahan, İrfan
BACKGROUND: Cafeteria diet (CAF) is a succesful tool for establishing animal obesity model. This study purposed to show immunoexpression and oxidant-antioxidant status in the various organ tissues of Wistar rats fed CAF. METHODS: Two groups (six rats per group) of Wistar albino rats were fed CAF and standard chow (control) diets for eight weeks. After experimental procedure, the animals were sacrificed. Intestine, stomach, liver, kidney, spleen, heart, lung, and pancreas tissues were sent to Pathology Department and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB-1) immunoexpressions were assessed. Also, plasma liver function tests and lipid levels were measured total oxidant capacity (TOC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were evaluated in both plasma and liver tissue. RESULTS: The immunoexpressions of NF-kappa B, iNOS and CB-1 were higher in the experiment group for all tissues. TOC was significantly higher in the experiment group, for both plasma and liver tissue (p < 0.001 and p = 0.02). TAC was higher in the experiment group's plasma measurement (p = 0.02), while there was no difference in the liver tissue between experiment and control groups (p = 0.11). CONCLUSION: CAF-induced obesity may be related to increased immunoexpression and oxidative damage in the various organs. Systemic problems should be considered and these phenomenon should be studied more comprehensively.
An Investigation on the Dna Binding Activities of Melamine, Cyanuric Acid and Uric Acid
(Editura Acad Romane, 2021) Şenol, Ali; Devrim, Alparslan Kadir; Sudagidan, Mert; Özalp, Veli Cengiz
Melamine can be added to various foods such as milk, milk powder, baby food, pet, and livestock feed for cheating purposes due to its high nitrogen content. Regarding its usage in food products, there is a need to investigate its possible interactions with DNA. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the interactions of melamine and its metabolized products, cyanuric acid and uric acid with genomic DNA, isolated from eukaryotic (calf thymus) and prokaryotic (Staphylococcus aureus) sources. UV-absorbance spectrophotometry, fluorescence spectrophotometry, and agarose gel electrophoresis techniques were used to evaluate these interactions. The five different concentrations of melamine, cyanuric acid, and uric acid were incubated with fixed DNA concentration and it was determined that the test compounds interacted with the DNA molecules. The data obtained by UV-absorbance and fluorescence spectrophotometry techniques revealed an increase in wave peaks observed with the increasing substance concentration. After the obtained data of the aforementioned techniques were evaluated together, it was concluded that melamine, cyanuric acid, and uric acid bonded to the eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomic DNA materials via groove binding.
Age-and sex-related changes in selected hematological parameters, lipid peroxidation and erythrocytes osmotic fragility of Turkish Angora cats
(Hellenic Veterinary Medical Soc, 2022) Kabakcı, Ruhi; Yigit, A. A.; Kara, E.; Çınar, M.; Ekici, Hüsamettin; Aluç, Yaşar
This study was conducted to investigate the changes in selected hematological parameters, lipid peroxidation and osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in Angora cats depending on age and gender. For this purpose, the blood samples were collected from vena saphena medialis of 9 young and 14 adult cats which were also classified as male (n=12) and female (n=11). Following hematological analysis, samples were washed with PBS by centrifugation and 10% hematocrit suspension was prepared from the erythrocytes pellet for the osmotic fragility test. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) was also measured from lysed erythrocytes to determine lipid peroxidation level. Red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin, and hematocrit were significantly (P<0.001) high in adults while the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were significantly (P<0.05) high in young cats. Erythrocyte MDA level was also higher statistically (P<0.05) in adult cats than in young cats. There was no significance (P>0.05) in these parameters between male and female cats. Findings of fragility tests showed that erythrocytes of young and male cats were statistically more susceptible to hypotonic NaCl solutions than those of adult and female cats, respectively (P<0.01, P<0.05). It was concluded that erythrocytes related parameters in Angora cats changed depending on age rather than gender except for stability of RBCs.
The relationship of leptin and thyroid hormones with milk yield and some fertility parameters in Simmental dairy cows during transition period
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2021) Duru, Özkan; Devrim, Alparslan Kadir; Macun, Hasan Ceyhun; Duru, Sibel Yasa; Şenol, Ali
In this study, transition period cows were used to test the hypothesis that serum levels of leptin and thyroid hormones would correlate the production efficiency such as milk yield, body condition score, and fertility in dairy cows raised under the same controlled conditions. The study comprised 37 Simmental cows, which were 3 years old and between 257-265 days of gestation. Serum levels of leptin, T3, T4, FT3, and FT4 hormones were measured in blood samples obtained from the animals, which were in the period of 3 weeks before and 3 weeks after delivery. Prepartum serum leptin levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in cows having increased milk production compared to the first lactation peak value. Also, postpartum serum FT3 levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in cows having milk yield of >= 30 kg. Leptin levels were found to be inversely related with milk production and fertility. FT3 levels exhibited a negative correlation with milk production and similarly T3 levels showed an inverse correlation with body condition score. The present study proposed that routine monitoring of leptin and thyroid hormones would be useful for the reproductive management of cows with breeding problems.
The impact of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on experimental testicular torsion in rats
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Ertürk, Ahmet; Demir, Sabri; Günal, Yasemin Dere; Zengin, Mehmet; Çınar, Miyase; Yıldız, Dinçer; Karahan, Siyami
Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the healing effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on experimental testicular torsion in rats. Materials and methods: Three groups consisting of 10 Wistar albino rats were created. In Group I, the left testicle was explored and relocated in the scrotum without any attempt to modify it. In Group II, the left testicle underwent torsion for three h and then was detorsed and relocated. In Group III, in addition to torsion and detorsion, BM-MSCs were administered intratesticularly. The rats were sacrificed on the seventh day, and the healing status of the testicles was investigated with histopathological and biochemical analyses. BM-MSC involvement was investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15.0. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all variables. Results: Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that BM-MSCs were located around the Leydig cells in Group III. Under light microscopy, the mean Johnsen Score of Group III was significantly higher than that of Group II (p = 0.035). The interleukin-10 (IL-10) level was significantly higher in Group III compared to Group II (p = 0.003). While the malondialdehyde (MDA) values in Group I (the control group) were lower than in the other groups (p = 0.037), the superoxide dismutase (SOD) values were similar (p = 0.158). Although there was no statistically significant difference between Group II and Group III in terms of MDA, it was lower in Group III. Although the tissue SOD levels were higher in Group III than in Group II, the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that BM-MSCs significantly corrected the Johnsen Score and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels after testicular torsion. BM-MSCs can be used in testicular torsion as supportive therapy to minimize tissue damage.
Evaluation of Colostral Passive Immune Transfer Success in Turkish Kangal Shepherd Dogs
(Kafkas Univ, Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, 2024) Kara, Erdal; Öcal, Naci; Duru, Özkan; Duru, Sibel Yasa; Şenel, Yasin
The aim of this study was to investigate the passive immune transfer process and its effects in Turkish Kangal shepherd dogs. The material of the study consisted of 15 dams and their 138 offspring in the region of Central Anatolia, Turkiye. Blood samples were collected from the surviving puppies at 48 +/- 4 h postpartum and IgG levels were measured using the ELISA method. Before the blood samples were collected, 34 of the puppies (26.64%) died, 56 of the 104 puppies (40.58%) whose blood samples were collected and IgG analyses were done died prior to weaning, and 48 (34.78%) survived until weaning. All of the analyzed blood samples had IgG levels above 230 mg/dL and there was no passive transfer failure. The average blood IgG level of the puppies was 664.86 mg/dL. The effects of litter size and birth season on passive transfer success were statistically significant (P<0.05), while maternal age and the sex of the puppy were not significant (P>0.05). There was no correlation between the average blood IgG levels of the puppies and group mortality rates (r =-0.44). In conclusion, while the rate of passive transfer success for Turkish Kangal shepherd dogs was found to be high compared to other breeds, the high rate of mortality among the puppies suggested that dams and their litters should be cared for more carefully in the neonatal period.
Effects of functional poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanofibers modified with sericin-capped silver nanoparticles on histopathological changes in parenchymal organs and oxidative stress in a rat burn wound model
(Ankara Univ, 2023) Şahin, Yaşar; Gün Gök, Zehra; Alçığır, Mehmet Eray; Çınar, Miyas
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of a poly(ethylene terephthalate)-g-poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PET-g-HEMA) nanofiber wound dressing modified with sericin-coated silver nanoparticles (S-AgNPs) on internal organs, oxidative stress, and biochemical parameters. To establish a burn model, the backs of anesthetized rats were shaved and then third-degree burns were created with a round-bottomed stainless steel rod 2 cm in diameter kept in 100 degrees C water for 20 seconds. The wounds of the negative control group (G1) were covered with standard bandages; the wounds of the positive control group (G2) were covered with silvercel, used as burn wound material; and the wounds of the experimental group (G3) were covered with PET-based dressing material. Histopathological changes in organs (liver, kidneys, heart, pancreas, lungs), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), nitric oxide (NO), and biochemical parameters (serum aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], gamma glutamyl transpeptidase [GGT], creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], total protein, albumin, globulin, urea) were examined. Compared with the G1 group, plasma AST, ALT, and GGT levels were found to be significantly decreased in G2 and G3 (P<0.001). Plasma TAS was found to be significantly increased in G2 and G3 compared to G1 (P<0.05). Compared to the G1 group, degenerative and necrotic changes in the liver, kidneys, and pancreas were found to be significantly reduced in G2 and G3 (P<0.05). In conclusion, this work demonstrates that the synthesized PET-based wound dressing material has the capacity to be used commercially.
What is the Combined Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Extract (EGb761) and Acute Exhaustive Exercise on the Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis in Rats?
(Ataturk Universitesi, 2022) Kabakçi, Ruhi; Çinar, Yasemin; Çinar, Miyase
This study aimed to evaluate the alone and combined effects of ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) and acute exhaustive exercise on thiol-disulfide homeostasis (TDH) in male rats. Four experimental groups were formed with total 32 rats. Animals in the control and exercise groups received 2 mL/kg of 0.9% saline solution 5 days a week for 4 weeks, while the others in the ginkgo biloba and ginkgo biloba plus exercise groups received 100 mg/kg of EGb761 for the same duration. At the end of this period, rats in groups E and GB+E were made to run on a treadmill at 25 m/min at 5% incline until exhaustion. All plasma samples were evaluated for malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), and TDH. The findings of the study showed that exercise significantly increased MDA levels (P < .001) and SOD activity (P < .05) in group GB+E, while only MDA levels were decreased significantly (P < .05) in group GB. On the other hand, neither exercise nor EGb761 could affect the NO levels and the parameters related to TDH (P > .05). Although EGb761 can prevent oxidative stress by reducing MDA, its usage in exercise still needs to be further investigated, especially in terms of TDH that is a new important oxidative stress marker. © 2022, Ataturk Universitesi. All rights reserved.
The effect of krill oil on Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway in acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury in mice
(De Gruyter Open Ltd, 2023) Şahin, Yaşar; Devrim, Alparslan Kadir; Alçiğir, Mehmet Eray; Şenol, Ali; Ekici, Hüsamettin; Devrim, Tuba; Sudağidan, Mert
Objectives: This study investigated the effect of krill oil (KO) on liver damage caused by acetaminophen (APAP). Methods: In the present study, the control and APAP groups were given distilled water by gavage for 14 days. In addition, the KO and APAP+KO groups were given 500 mg/kg krill oil by gavage for 14 days. At the end of 14 days, 0.9 % sodium chloride solution (saline solution) administration was applied intraperitoneally to the control and KO groups. Meanwhile, 220 mg/kg acetaminophen was administered to the APAP and APAP+KO groups. While some biochemical parameters in plasma were examined, some oxidative stress parameters in plasma and liver tissue were evaluated. Apoptotic and inflammatory responses of some primer sequences determined by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) in liver tissue. After histopathological examination of liver tissue, immunohistochemical analysis was performed with Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (Wif-1), beta-catenin (ß-Catenin), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Results: The Wif-1 positivity in hepatocytes increased significantly in the APAP group (5.29 ± 0.71) compared to the control (1.14 ±0.51), and KO (2.14 ± 0.55) groups (p<0.001). The 8-OHdG positivity in hepatocytes increased significantly in the APAP group (19.57 ± 0.58) compared to the control (0.43 ± 0.20), KO (3.57 ± 0.48), and APAP+KO (4.00 ± 2.53) groups (p<0.001).Conclusions: As a result, krill oil could be used as a nutritional supplement to protect the liver against acetaminophen-induced liver injury. © 2023 De Gruyter. All rights reserved.
Comparison Of Some Copper Compounds In Terms Of Their Interactions With DNA Using Agarose Gel Electrophoresis, Uv-Absorbance And Fluorescence Spectrophotometry Techniques
(Malaysian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2023) Akanbong, Elisha Apatewen; Devrim, Alparslan Kadir; Şenol, Ali; Sudagidan, Mert
In this study, to investigate the interaction of genomic DNA with some copper compounds (CuSO4, CuCO3, and CuCl2) at various concentrations (1000 ?M, 500 ?M, 250 ?M, 125 ?M and 62.5 ?M); UV-absorbance spectrophotometry, agarose gel electrophoresis, and fluorescence spectrophotometry techniques were used. When the UV-spectrophotometry data were examined within the wavelength range of 220-320 nm, the hyperchromic effect of CuCl2 was evaluated to be proportional to its concentrations. Within the wavelength range, the copper compounds produced their strongest hyperchromic effect on the DNA at 1000 ?M. When the fluorescent spectrophotometry data were evaluated, the hypochromic effect of CuCl2 within the wavelength range of 400-700 nm was determined at 1000 ?M. CuSO4 showed a hypochromic effect at concentrations above 62.5 ?M. Also, it was observed that CuCO3 did not interact with DNA. According to the agarose gel electrophoresis findings, the copper compounds investigated decreased DNA band intensity as their concentrations increased. It was observed that the most significant decrease in band intensity was caused by CuCl2 at 1000 ?M. Again, it was observed that the copper compounds did not cause any cleavage in the genomic DNA within the concentration range 62.5-1000 ?M. Consequently, the copper compounds bind to DNA, most probably by non-intercalative mode. In this regard, they could have the potential to be used in the development of new therapeutic agents. Thence, conducting further studies on the interaction of the copper compounds with DNA, their possible DNA uncoiling activities, and also the investigation of these compounds in cancer cell lines will provide useful results. © 2023 Malaysian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. All rights reserved.
Comparison of the effects of zinc-silver cream and Nigella sativa oil on wound healing and oxidative stress in the wound model in rats
(2020) Kumandaş, Ali; Karslı, Birkan; Kürüm, Aytül; Çınar, Miyase; Elma, Ertuğrul
The present study was undertaken to evaluate of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) and zinc-silver cream in a rat model of wound healing by means of clinical appearance, histopathology, oxidative stress parameters, and biomechanical tests. The rats were divided into three groups, each having twenty animals. Group 1 served as a control having wound. Other two groups received either NS oil or zinc-silver cream in addition to the wound. The study was initiated after the animals rested for 2 weeks for acclimation. Blood samples were collected from 10 randomly selected animals from each group at days 0, 3, 7 and 14 for oxidative stress measurements. Differences among groups for blood lipid peroxidation and antioxidant values were determined with respect to biochemical oxidative stress results (P<0.01). Wound sites of 10 animals from each group were allocated for histopathological examinations, and those of the remaining 10 animals from each group were used in biomechanical testing. Histopathological examination revealed that epithelization occurred in all groups. Inflammatory response with an intensive vascularization was present in the samples of the silver group (P<0.01). Consequently, zinc-silver group has differed positively in terms of biochemical and biomechanical and histological aspects compared to other groups for wound healing and oxidative stress.
Subklinik mastitisli süt ineklerinde meme içi levamizol uygulanmasında süt ve kanda glutasyon peroksidaz, süperoksit dismutaz, alkalen fosfataz ve immunoglobulin G düzeyleri
(2002) Yarım, Gül Fatma; Salmanoğlu, Berrin
Bu çalışma subklinik mastitisli ineklere, immıınomodulatör etkisi olduğu bilinen levamizoliin meme içi uygulanmasının, kan ve sütte gkıtatyon peroksidaz (GSH-Px), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) aktiviteleri ve alkalen fosfataz (ALP) ve immunoglobulin G (IgG) düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın materyalini, 4-5 yaşlı 40 Holstein ırkı inek oluşturmuştur. Deneme ve kontrol grubunun balirlenmesi, sütte Kaliforniya mastitis test (California mastitis test-CMT) ve somatik hücre sayımı (somatic cell count-SCC) sonuçlarına göre yapılmıştır. CMT (-) ve SCC < 300.000 olan 20 inek kontrol grubunu. CMT (+) ve SCC > 300.000 olan 20 inek ise deneme grubunu oluşturmuştur, ineklerden levamizol uygulaması öncesi kan örnekleri vena jugularis'ten 10 mi, süt örnekleri ise her bir ineğin iki meme lobundan 20 mi alınmıştır. Kanlar 3000 rpm'de 10 dakika santrifüj edilmiş ve serumları ayrılmıştır. Sütlere l mi %0,3'lük peynir mayası eklenip, 37°C'lik su banyosunda 20 dakika bekletilerek pıhtı oluşumu sağlanmış ve 80 dakika sonra pıhtı çizilerek süt serumları ayrılmıştır. Kan ve süt serumlarında GSH-Px aklivitesi fotometrik SOD ile ALP aktivitesi spektrofotometrik, IgG düzeyi radial immıınodiffüzyon yöntemiyle ölçülmüştür, ineklere 6 gün boyunca, sabah sağımdan sonra meme içi 20 mi %4'lük levamizol uygulanmıştır. Uygulama periyodu sonunda kan ve süt örnekleri toplanarak, uygulama öncesi yapılan analizler tekrarlanmıştır. Levamizol uygulaması öncesinde, subklinik ınastilisli ineklerin kanında GSH-Px, SOD, ALP aktiviteleri ile IgG düzeyleri sırası ile 0,67 nmol/NADPH+H+/dak/mg-prol, 4,85 U/g-prot, 124, l U/L ve 27g/L olarak tespit edilmiştir. Uygulamadan sonra ise sırası ile 0,60 nmol/NADPH+H+/dak/mg-prot, 3,87 U/g-prot. 124.4 U/L ve 27g/L olarak bulunmuştur. Süt serumunda ise bu parametrelere ait değerlerin, uygulama öncesinde sırasıyla 0,78 nmol/NADPH+H+/dak/mg-prot, 21,5 U/g-prot, 591 U/L, 0,38 g/L, uygulama periyodu sonrasında ise sırası ile 0,22 mnol/NADPH+H+/dak/mg-prot, 10,4 U/g-prot, 596 U/L, 0,45g/L olduğu belirlenmiştir. Subklinik mastitisli ineklerde meme içi levamizol uygulamasının süt serumunda GSH-Px, bunun yanında kan ve süt serumunda SOD aktivitesini düşürdüğü (GSH-Px için p<0.01; SOD için p<0.001) anlaşılmıştır. ALP aktivitesi ve IgG düzeyleri mastitisli grupta kontrolden yüksek bulunmuştur ve levamizol uygulaması, her iki parametrenin değer artışına neden olmuştur.
The concomitant use of USP28 and p53 to predict the progression of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
(ELSEVIER GMBH, 2020) Devrim, Tuba; Atac, Fatih; Devrim, Alparslan Kadir; Balci, Mahi
The Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 28 (USP28) is a deubiquitinase involved in the DNA damage pathway. Recently, USP28 protein is reported to play roles in the mechanism of p53 action and could be a possible prognostic marker for bladder cancer (BCa). This study aims to explore the relation of USP28 with tumor growth and invasion, and also to investigate the interplay between USP28 and p53 in BCa. Expression levels of USP28 and p53 in human BCa (invasive and non-invasive, n = 43) and control tissues (n = 8) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) profiling. The relationship between protein and gene expression levels, clinicopathologic features and prognosis were evaluated. Significant positive correlations were found between BCa tumor progression and the USP28 expression, and also between the USP28 and p53 scores (p all < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry staining percentages were strongly correlated between USP28 and p53, and also positive correlations between tumor progression and p53 expressions were determined (p all < 0.001). Interestingly, USP28 and p53 were highly expressed and correlated in BCa. Consequently, the immunohistochemistry and qPCR results reported in our study suggested the idea that USP28 in coordination with p53 could serve as a marker in BCa progression.
Expression levels of angiogenic growth factors in feline squamous cell carcinoma
(AKADEMIAI KIADO ZRT, 2020) Kabak, Yonca B.; Sozmen, Mahmut; Devrim, Alparslan K.; Sudagidan, Mert; Yildirim, Funda; Guvenc, Tolga; Yarim, Murat
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the skin in cats. Tumour angiogenesis is the pivotal event for tumour progression and metastasis. We assessed protein and gene expression of angiogenic growth factors including bFGF, VEGF-C, TGF-beta, PDGF-A, PDGF-C and PDGFR-alpha that possibly contribute to the angiogenic phenotype of feline SCC (FSCC) and could, therefore, be a good target in the treatment of SCC. In the present study, a total of 27 FSCC cases were investigated. Tumour cases were histopathologically classified as well differentiated (10/27), moderately differentiated (5/27), and poorly differentiated (12/27). The expression levels of the growth factors were detected using immunohistochemistry and assessed semi-quantitatively. Growth factor expression levels were evaluated at different locations: in the oral region, in areas exposed to solar UV radiation including the ears, eyelids and nasal planum, and other miscellaneous locations. Our findings have revealed that FSCC arising from different anatomical sites of the body and showing differences in aggressiveness, metastasis, and prognosis may be angiogenesis dependent, and angiogenic key regulators could play a role in the development of FSCC.
Expression of angiogenic growth factors in canine squamous cell cancers
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2020) Sozmen, M.; Devrim, A. K.; Sudagidan, M.; Kabak, Y. B.; Yildirim, F.
Skin and subcutaneous tissue tumors are the most common neoplasms in dogs. The most common sites of origin in dogs include digits, skin and the oral cavity including cheek and retromandibular area. We investigated canine squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) samples from 15 dogs and classified them histopathologically according to the degree of differentiation. bFGF, VEGF-C, TGF-beta, PDGF-A, PDGF-C and PDGFR-alpha expressions were assessed using immunohistochemistry to determine the roles of growth factors during SCC. We found that TGF-beta 1 immunolabeling was elevated significantly compared to healthy controls in SCC originating from nailbeds, while expression of other growth factors did not change significantly. Our findings might explain the role of TGF-beta 1 in the infiltrative and malignant behavior of SCC originating from nailbeds.
Late effects of cutaneous 3-methylcholanthrene exposure on DNA damage-related pleiotropic growth factors and oxidative stress markers in mice
(Comenius Univ, 2020) Devrim, T.; Ekici, H.; Devrim, A. K.; Sozmen, M.; Senol, A.; Bozkurt, K. M.; Yalcin, S.
BACKGROUND: Skin is the body's first defence against direct exposure to variety of chemicals. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) are common in polluted urban air and have a potential of producing harmful effects. Moreover, their late effects can occur months or years after exposure. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the long-term effects of 3-MC induced dermal toxicity on the expression of markers of apoptosis, pleiotropic cytokines, and oxidative stress and to determine the protective effect of cisplatin. METHODS: Groups were designed as control (group 1), 3-MC applied (group 2) and 3-MC+cisplatin applied mice (group 3). Cutaneous expressions of TGF beta, PDGFA, PDGFC, bFGF, PDGFR alpha, USP28, and Ki67 were evaluated with qPCR. Total oxidant (TOS), total antioxidant (TAS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) values were determined in liver and kidney tissues. RESULTS: The expression levels of TGF beta, PDGFR alpha, USP-28, Ki67, and PDGFA were decreased significantly in MC applied groups. Renal TAS levels were significantly lower in group-3. Liver and kidney OSI values were increased in both groups 2 and 3. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that low dose 3-MC caused oxidative stress and downregulated apoptotic and cytokine markers in the long term and cisplatin had no ameliorative effects on this degeneration processes (Tab. 3, Fig. 3, Ref. 32).
Hematobiochemical profiles, mineral concentrations and oxidative stress indicators in beef cattle with pica
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2019) Onmaz, Ali Cesur; Gunes, Vehbi; Cinar, Miyase; Citil, Mehmet; Keles, Ihsan
Pica, or "depraved appetite", is defined as ingestion of non-nutritive substances. Many factors influencing pica in animals have been identified , but the etiology is controversial. This study was conducted to evaluate haematological and biochemical parameters, trace element concentrations, the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) in beef cattle with and without pica. Ten beef cattle with pica (group I) and another ten healthy beef cattle (Group II) were used in the study. Serum TAS and TOS were measured by a colorimetric method. In group I, haemoglobin value and serum iron, copper and selenium concentrations were significantly lower than those of group II (p < .05). Cortisol level and the other biochemical parameters were not statistically different between the groups (p > .05). Compared to the healthy controls mean TAS values were significantly decreased in the group I (p < .05), whereas the TOS and OSI values did not differ statistically between the two groups (p > .05). Parasitological analysis revealed that Trichostrongylidae spp eggs were more common in group I. In conclusion, serum iron, copper and selenium deficiency with decreased antioxidant capacity may cause the symptoms of pica in beef cattle. Prophylactic use of trace mineral supplement containing iron, copper, selenium and antioxidants in beef cattle may be beneficial in preventing deviated appetite and in strengthening the antioxidant defence system.
Periostin alters transcriptional profile in a rat model of isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2019) Sozmen, M.; Devrim, A. K.; Kabak, Y. B.; Devrim, T.
Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein from the fasciclin family that guides cellular trafficking and extracellular matrix organization. Periostin stimulates mature cardiomyocytes to reenter the cell cycle. The molecular mechanism behind such stimulation remains to be explored. A DNA microarray technology constituting 30,429 gene-level probe sets was utilized to investigate effects of recombinant murine periostin peptide on the gene expression pattern in a rat model of isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury. The experiment was performed on 84 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats in four groups (n = 21): (1) control group, (2) only periostin applied group, (3) ISO cardiotoxicity group, and (4) ISO + periostin group. The experiment was continued for 28 days, and rats were killed on days 1, 7, and 28 (n = 7). Microarray analyses revealed that periostin significantly altered the expression of at least +/- 2-fold of 2474 genes in the ISO + periostin group compared to the ISO cardiotoxicity group of which 521 genes altered out of 30,429 gene-level probe sets. Ingenuity pathway analysis indicated that multiple pathway networks were affected by periostin, with predominant changes occurring in the expression of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative stress, fatty acid metabolism, and TNF-alpha NF-kappa B signaling pathways. These findings indicate that periostin alters gene expression profile in the ISO-induced myocardial injury and modulates local myocardial inflammation, possibly mitigating inflammation through TNF-alpha NF-kappa B signaling pathway along with a decreased Casp7 activity and apoptotic cell death.
Significance of Angiogenic Growth Factors in Bovine Ocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2019) Sozmen, M.; Devrim, A. K.; Sudagidan, M.; Kabak, Y. B.; Beytut, E.; Ozba, B.
Bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma (BOSCC) is the most common and economically significant neoplasm of the eye in cattle. This study investigated the role of angiogenic growth factors in the pathogenesis of BOSCC. Eighteen cases of BOSCC were classified histopathologically according to the degree of differentiation. Normal upper and lower eyelids and third eyelids collected from the right and left eyes of six healthy cattle aged 1-3 years, that had been presented for slaughter to abattoirs, served as controls. Transcription of genes encoding the angiogenic growth factors vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived growth factor-C (PDGF-C) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFR-alpha) was determined by quantitative real-time polymerise chain reaction (RT-PCR) in tissue obtained from paraffin wax blocks. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was utilized to detect intensity of expression and tissue distribution of these growth factors. IHC results revealed that bFGF and PDGF-C were elevated significantly (P >0.05) and VEGF-C expression was decreased in BOSCC compared with healthy control tissue. PDGR-alpha expression was elevated; however, the difference, compared with control tissues, was not significant. RT-PCR results showed an inverse relationship to the results of IHC; where protein levels were elevated their corresponding mRNA levels were decreased or vice-versa. Angiogenic regulators therefore appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of BOSCC. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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