A novel image watermarking scheme using ULV decomposition
[ X ]
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Elsevier Gmbh
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Matrix decompositions play an important role in most of watermarking techniques. Especially Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is one of the most preferred techniques. In addition, matrix decompositions such as Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), QR, LU are some of the methods used in previous studies. In this study, a new scheme using ULV Decomposition (ULVD) technique is proposed as an alternative matrix decomposition. In this scheme, which is a frequency-based technique using R-level Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), the scaling factor is determined adaptively according to the cover image and watermark used. Another issue to be solved in watermarking studies is the False Positive Problem (FFP). For this purpose, a control mechanism is used against the FFP in watermark embedding and watermark extracting processes. In addition, the watermarking process is carried out in any size, depending on the size of the cover image. As a result, the performed experiments show that the proposed scheme provides high imperceptibility and robustness.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Watermarking; Matrix decompositions; ULV decomposition; DWT; Data hiding
Kaynak
Optik
WoS Q Değeri
Q2
Scopus Q Değeri
Q1
Cilt
259
