Investigation of muscle activation during kinetic chain based exercises in individuals with and without forward head posture

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dc.contributor.authorCobanoglu, Gamze
dc.contributor.authorGuzel, Nevin A.
dc.contributor.authorEcemis, Zeynep Berfu
dc.contributor.authorDemirkan, M Yusuf
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-21T16:27:59Z
dc.date.available2025-01-21T16:27:59Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentKırıkkale Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: The Band Pull-Apart (BPA) exercise is used to strengthen the periscapular muscles. It was recently stated that the lower extremity and trunk movements should be included in the shoulder rehabilitation programs to optimize an effective energy transfer throughout the kinetic chain. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of kinetic chain based BPA exercise on the muscle activations of the sternocleidomasteideous (SCM) and the trapezius muscles in individuals with and without forward head posture (FHP). METHODS: Eighteen individuals with FHP and 18 individuals without FHP were included. Photographic measurements were made to identify individuals with FHP. The muscle activations of SCM, Upper Trapezius (UT), Middle Trapezius (MT), and Lower Trapezius (LT) were measured with surface EMG. BPA exercise was performed in the standing, unipedal standing, squat, unipedal squat, and Bulgarian split squat (BSS). RESULTS: There was no Group × Exercise interaction for the SCM, UT, MT, LT muscle activations, or for the UT/MT and UT/LT ratios (p> 0.05). While there was a difference in the activation of all muscles between individuals with and without FHP (p< 0.05), both ratios were similar (p> 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between exercises for SCM, MT, and LT muscle activations (p< 0.000 for these muscles), UT/MT (p< 0.000) and UT/LT ratios (p= 0.004). SCM muscle activation in squat was lower than activation in standing (Mean Difference (MD) = 2.5% Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contractions (MVIC); p= 0.004) and in unipedal standing (MD = 2.1% MVIC; p= 0.002). MT muscle activation in squat was higher than activation in standing (MD = 9.7% MVIC), unipedal standing (MD = 7.8% MVIC), unipedal squat (MD = 6.9% MVIC) and BSS (MD = 9.4% MVIC; p< 0.000 for these positions). LT muscle activation in the squat was higher than activation in the standing (MD = 8.5% MVIC) and unipedal squat (MD = 8.1% MVIC; p< 0.004 for these positions). UT/MT ratio in the squat was lower than standing (MD = 0.3), unipedal standing (MD = 0.2) and BSS (MD = 0.3; p< 0.000 for these positions). UT/LT ratio in squat was lower than unipedal squat (MD = 0.5) and BSS (MD = 0.6; p= 0.002; for these positions). CONCLUSION: Performing the BPA exercise in the squat position is suggested in cases where lower SCM and UT muscle activation, lower UT/MT, and UT/LT ratios and higher MT and LT muscle activations are needed for individuals with and without FHP.
dc.identifier.doi10.3233/BMR-230397
dc.identifier.endpage1549
dc.identifier.issn1878-6324
dc.identifier.issue6
dc.identifier.pmid38968043
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85209828117
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.startpage1537
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3233/BMR-230397
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12587/23432
dc.identifier.volume37
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_20241229
dc.subjectelectromyography; exercise therapy; posture; Shoulder; superficial back muscles
dc.titleInvestigation of muscle activation during kinetic chain based exercises in individuals with and without forward head posture
dc.typeArticle

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