Günümüzde Ulus-Devlet
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Date
2018
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Abstract
Ulus, ulus-devlet ve ulusçuluk doğal olmayan bir takım koşullar neticesindeüretilmiş suni kavramlardır. Tarihsel süreçte ulus ve ulus-devlet İngiltere veFransa eksenli olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. 1789 Fransız Devrimi, hem ulus devletihem de ulusal yurttaşlığın modern kurumunu ve ideolojisini icat etmiştir. Ulus,bir toplumsallık biçimini ifade eder. Bu toplumda, insanları hem kültürel hemde siyasi niteliğe sahip bir kimlik bir arada tutabilir. Modern devletin toplumuinşa sürecinde, insanları bir arada tutmayı ve aidiyet hissi oluşturmayı amaçlayanideolojisi ulusçuluktur. Ulusçuluk, var olmayan bir ulusun belirli süreçlersonunda inşa edilmesidir. Ulusçuluk, bireylerin kitlesel duygularla birbirinebağlanmasına aracılık eden fikirler, sloganlar, semboller ve seremoniler üretir.Ancak çoğulculuk ve insan haklarıyla birlikte hukuk sistemi evrenselleşmiştir.Artık kişi haklarının uluslararası kurumlarda kullanılma özelliği ortaya çıkmıştır.Bunların sonucunda da ulus-devletin meşrulaştırıcısı ve ideolojisi olan ulusçulukbunalımla yüz yüze kalmıştır. Globalleşme, ulus-devletin rolünde, bütünleşmeve parçalanma yönünde iki değişim meydana getirmektedir. Bu kriz,ulus-devletlerin sonunun geldiği anlamına gelmemektedir. Ancak günümüzdeheterojen ulus kavramına dayanan ulus-devlet düşüncesi artık geçerli görülmemektedir. Bu çalışmada ulus kavramının modern görünümü, ulus-devlet veulusçuluk ideolojisi küreselleşmenin etkileri bakımından değerlendirilmiştir.
Nation, nation-state and nationalism are artificial concepts producedunder conditions that are not natural. In the historical process, the nation and thenation-state emerged in the axis of England and France. 1789 The FrenchRevolution invented both the nation state and the modern institution andideology of national citizenship. The nation refers to a form of sociality. In thissociety, people can hold an identitythat is both cultural and political in nature.In the modern state's process of building society, the ideology that aims to holdpeople together and create a sense of belonging is nationalism. Nationalism istheconstruction of a non-existentnation at theend of certain processes.Nationalism produces ideas, slogans, symbols, and ceremonies that mediate thelinking of individuals with mass emotions. But with the pluralism and humanrights, the legal system has become universalized. Now, the use of personrightsin international institutions has emerged. As a result, nationalism, which is thelegitimation and ideology of the nation-state, is faced with a crisis.Globalization brings about two changes in the direction of integration andfragmentation in the role of nation-state. This crisis does not mean that thenation-states have come to an end. However, the idea of a nation-statebased onthe concept of a heterogeneous nation is no longer valid. In this study, the modernappearance of the nation concept, nation-state and nationalism ideologyhave been evaluated in terms of the effects of globalization.
Nation, nation-state and nationalism are artificial concepts producedunder conditions that are not natural. In the historical process, the nation and thenation-state emerged in the axis of England and France. 1789 The FrenchRevolution invented both the nation state and the modern institution andideology of national citizenship. The nation refers to a form of sociality. In thissociety, people can hold an identitythat is both cultural and political in nature.In the modern state's process of building society, the ideology that aims to holdpeople together and create a sense of belonging is nationalism. Nationalism istheconstruction of a non-existentnation at theend of certain processes.Nationalism produces ideas, slogans, symbols, and ceremonies that mediate thelinking of individuals with mass emotions. But with the pluralism and humanrights, the legal system has become universalized. Now, the use of personrightsin international institutions has emerged. As a result, nationalism, which is thelegitimation and ideology of the nation-state, is faced with a crisis.Globalization brings about two changes in the direction of integration andfragmentation in the role of nation-state. This crisis does not mean that thenation-states have come to an end. However, the idea of a nation-statebased onthe concept of a heterogeneous nation is no longer valid. In this study, the modernappearance of the nation concept, nation-state and nationalism ideologyhave been evaluated in terms of the effects of globalization.
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Hukuk
Journal or Series
Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi
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Volume
13
Issue
1
Citation
Zabunoğlu, H. G. (2018). Günümüzde Ulus-Devlet. Erciyes Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(1), 535 - 559.
