Kızılırmak nehri Kırıkkale bölgesinde hidrolik yöntemlerle taşkın ötelemesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2016
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Yayıncı
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Doğal bir afet olarak kabul edilen taşkın, Türkiye'de ve tüm dünyada meydana gelmekte ve milyonlarca insanın hem maddi hem manevi zarara uğratmaktadır. Taşkın esnasında oluşacak su seviyelerinin doğru tespit edilmesi, taşkına uğrayan bölgede oluşabilecek zararların azaltılması adına birincil öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada Kızılırmak Nehrinin Kırıkkale sınırları içerisinde kalan 17km'lik kısmında taşkın ötelemesi yapılabilmesi için öncelikle arazi ölçümleriyle nehir yatağının en kesitleri çıkarılmış, bu en kesitler HEC-RAS programında kullanılmış ve çıkan sonuçlar ile olası taşkınların vereceği zararlar önceden tahmin edilmiştir. Taşkın debileri olarak 5,10, 25, 50,100, 500 ve 1000 yıllık tekerrür sürelerine ait debiler kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışma alanının başlangıç noktası olan Kapulukaya Barajı'nın olası yıkılma senaryosu sonucu ortaya çıkabilecek pik debi diferansiyel gelişim algoritması ile geliştirdiğimiz denklem ile hesaplanmış ve taşkın ötelemede kullanılmıştır. 5, 10, 25, 50,100 yıllık taşkınların yerleşim yerlerine zarar vermeden gidebileceği, 500 ve 1000 yıllık taşkınların bazı yerleşim yerleri ile tarım alanlarına zarar verdiği görülmüştür. Kapulukaya Barajının yıkılması durumunda hesaplanan debinin ise yaklaşık 27 metre akım derinliğine sahip olduğu, Bahşılı ve Yahşihan ilçe merkezlerindeki bazı yerleşim yerlerini tehdit ettiği, güzergahta bulunan köprülerden geçemediği ve savak akımı oluşturduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
The flood is regarded as a natural disaster, it occurs in Turkey and all over the world and it causes both material and moral damages for millions of people. Determining water surface profiles which will occur during floods correctly has primary importance to reduce the damage caused in the area because of flood. In this study, the cross sections of the river bed were created by land measuring in a 17 km-part of Kızılırmak river at Kırıkkale region for flood routing and these cross sections were used in HEC-RAS software. The damages of possible floods were predicted in advance thanks to the results. The peak flows used for year return period flows are 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1000. Moreover, the peak flow obtained from possible failure scenario of Kapulukaya dam, the initial point of the research field, was calculated by equation created using differential evolution algorithm and it was used for flood routing. It was predicted that 5, 10, 25, 50, 100-year return period floods would flow without causing any damages to residential areas, and it was observed that 500-year and 1000-year return period floods would cause damages to some residential areas and cultivated areas. Furthermore, the peak flow, which would occur as a result of the possible failure of Kapulukaya Dam, was observed to have 27-meter flow depth, become a threat to some residential areas in the centre of Bahşılı and Yahşihan. It was also observed that the peak flow would not pass through the bridge and would create a weir flow.
The flood is regarded as a natural disaster, it occurs in Turkey and all over the world and it causes both material and moral damages for millions of people. Determining water surface profiles which will occur during floods correctly has primary importance to reduce the damage caused in the area because of flood. In this study, the cross sections of the river bed were created by land measuring in a 17 km-part of Kızılırmak river at Kırıkkale region for flood routing and these cross sections were used in HEC-RAS software. The damages of possible floods were predicted in advance thanks to the results. The peak flows used for year return period flows are 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1000. Moreover, the peak flow obtained from possible failure scenario of Kapulukaya dam, the initial point of the research field, was calculated by equation created using differential evolution algorithm and it was used for flood routing. It was predicted that 5, 10, 25, 50, 100-year return period floods would flow without causing any damages to residential areas, and it was observed that 500-year and 1000-year return period floods would cause damages to some residential areas and cultivated areas. Furthermore, the peak flow, which would occur as a result of the possible failure of Kapulukaya Dam, was observed to have 27-meter flow depth, become a threat to some residential areas in the centre of Bahşılı and Yahşihan. It was also observed that the peak flow would not pass through the bridge and would create a weir flow.
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Anahtar Kelimeler
İnşaat Mühendisliği, Civil Engineering, , , , , , , ,
