Mechanism of action of allergen immunotherapy

Basit Öğe Kaydı
dc.contributor.authorŞahin E.
dc.contributor.authorBafaqeeh S.A.
dc.contributor.authorGüven S.G.
dc.contributor.authorÇetinkaya E.A.
dc.contributor.authorMuluk N.B.
dc.contributor.authorCoşkun Z.O.
dc.contributor.authorCingi C.
dc.date.accessioned2020-06-25T15:17:49Z
dc.date.available2020-06-25T15:17:49Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.departmentKırıkkale Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractBackground: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) leads to the production of antiallergen immunoglobulin (IgG) or "blocking antibody" in the serum and an increase in antiallergen IgG and IgA in nasal secretions. There is also a decrease in the usual rise in antiallergen IgE that occurs after the pollen season. Methods: In this paper, mechanisms of action of allergen immunotherapy is reviewed. Results: Regulatory T (Treg) cells and their cytokines, primarily interleukin (IL) 10 and transforming growth factor beta, suppress T-helper type 2 immune responses and control allergic diseases in many ways. AIT induces a shift in the proportion of IL-4-secreting T-helper type 2 cells in favor of IL-10-secreting inducible Treg cells specific for the same allergenic epitope that increases in number and function. Different types of inducible Treg control several facets of allergic inflammation. There are two main types of immunotherapy: subcutaneous immunotherapy and sublingual immunotherapy. Subcutaneous immunotherapy is efficacious and is indicated for the reduction of seasonal symptoms. Sublingual immunotherapy involves the regular self-administration and retention of allergen extract under the tongue for 1-2 minutes before the extract is swallowed. The allergens cross the mucosa in 15-30 minutes and are then captured by tolerogenic dendritic cells and processed as small peptides. Next, via the lymphatic system, a systemic immune response is created to produce an early decrease in mast cell and basophil degranulation. Conclusion: AIT is indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe intermittent or persistent symptoms of allergic rhinitis. AIT can be administered to those >5 years of age and has been shown to be safe in children as young as 3 years of age. In this article, AIT and other types of immunotherapies were discussed as well as the indications for immunotherapy. Copyright © 2016, OceanSide Publications, Inc.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipKing Saud Universityen_US
dc.description.sponsorshipPreparation of this manuscript, including design and planning, was supported by Continuous Education and Scientific Research Association. The authors extend their appreciation to the International Scientific Partnership Program (ISPP) at King Saud University for funding this research work through ISPP# 0041 The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare pertaining to this articleen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4367
dc.identifier.endpageS3en_US
dc.identifier.issn19458924
dc.identifier.issue5en_US
dc.identifier.pmid27658024
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85014067356
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpageS1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4367
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12587/2535
dc.identifier.volume30en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000729285000001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherOceanSide Publications Inc.en_US
dc.relation.ispartofAmerican Journal of Rhinology and Allergy
dc.relation.publicationcategoryDiğeren_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.titleMechanism of action of allergen immunotherapyen_US
dc.typeReview Article

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