Flower-like meristem conditions and spatial constraints shape architecture of floral pseudanthia in Apioideae

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dc.authoridBaczynski, Jakub/0000-0001-5272-9053
dc.authoridSpalik, Krzysztof/0000-0001-9603-6793
dc.contributor.authorBaczynski, Jakub
dc.contributor.authorCelep, Ferhat
dc.contributor.authorSpalik, Krzysztof
dc.contributor.authorClassen-Bockhoff, Regine
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-21T16:41:12Z
dc.date.available2025-01-21T16:41:12Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.departmentKırıkkale Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractBackground: Pseudanthia are multiflowered units that resemble single flowers, frequently by association with pseudocorollas formed by enlarged peripheral florets (ray flowers). Such resemblance is not only superficial, because numerous pseudanthia originate from peculiar reproductive meristems with flower-like characteristics, i.e. floral unit meristems (FUMs). Complex FUM-derived pseudanthia with ray flowers are especially common in Apiaceae, but our knowledge about their patterning is limited. In this paper, we aimed to investigate both the genetic and morphological basis of their development. Results: We analysed umbel morphogenesis with SEM in six species representing four clades of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae with independently acquired floral pseudanthia. Additionally, using in situ hybridization, we investigated expression patterns of LEAFY (LFY), UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO), and CYCLOIDEA (CYC) during umbel development in carrot (Daucus carota subsp. carota). Here, we show that initial differences in size and shape of umbel meristems influence the position of ray flower formation, whereas an interplay between peripheral promotion and spatial constraints in umbellet meristems take part in the establishment of specific patterns of zygomorphy in ray flowers of Apiaceae. This space-dependent patterning results from flower-like morphogenetic traits of the umbel which are also visible at the molecular level. Transcripts of DcLFY are uniformly distributed in the incipient umbel, umbellet and flower meristems, while DcCYC shows divergent expression in central and peripheral florets. Conclusions: Our results indicate that umbels develop from determinate reproductive meristems with flower-like characteristics, which supports their recognition as floral units. The great architectural diversity and complexity of pseudanthia in Apiaceae can be explained by the unique conditions of FUMs-an interplay between expression of regulatory genes, specific spatio-temporal ontogenetic constraints and morphogenetic gradients arising during expansion and repetitive fractionation. Alongside Asteraceae, umbellifers constitute an interesting model for investigation of patterning in complex pseudanthia.
dc.description.sponsorshipUniversity of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology DSM Grant [501-D114-86-0117600-01]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by the University of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology DSM Grant (501-D114-86-0117600-01).
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s13227-022-00204-6
dc.identifier.issn2041-9139
dc.identifier.issue1
dc.identifier.pmid36536450
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85144316102
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13227-022-00204-6
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12587/24838
dc.identifier.volume13
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000901105400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBmc
dc.relation.ispartofEvodevo
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_20241229
dc.subjectApiaceae; Cycloidea; Floral unit; Flower; Leafy; Meristem; Morphogenesis; Pseudanthium; Ray flowers; Unusual floral organs
dc.titleFlower-like meristem conditions and spatial constraints shape architecture of floral pseudanthia in Apioideae
dc.typeArticle

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