Design and development of pH-responsive alginate-based nanogel carriers for etoposide delivery

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dc.contributor.authorGeyik, Gulcan
dc.contributor.authorGuncum, Enes
dc.contributor.authorIsiklan, Nuran
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-21T16:37:20Z
dc.date.available2025-01-21T16:37:20Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentKırıkkale Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractRecently, pH-responsive nanogels are playing progressively important roles in cancer treatment. The present study focuses on designing and developing pH-responsive alginate-based nanogels to achieve a controlled release of etoposide (Et) while enhancing its hydrophilicity. Alginate (ALG) is grafted with 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide (HPMA) through a microwave-supported method, and the chemical structure of the graft copolymer (ALG-g-PHPMA) was verified by 1H/13C NMR and FTIR techniques. The ALG-g-PHPMA and anticancer drug loaded ALG-g-PHPMA@Et nanogels were obtained using an emulsion method, and their structures were characterized through FTIR, TG/DSC, AFM/TEM, BET, and DLS analyses. The ALG-g-PHPMA nanogels demonstrated a good drug encapsulation efficiency (79.60 %), displaying a pH-dependent release profile and an in vitro accelerated release of Et compared to the ALG nanogels. Thermal and BET analyses revealed enhanced stability, surface area, and porosity volume of the alginate nanogels. The grafting of PHPMA chains onto alginate altered the surface topology of the ALG nanogels, resulting in lower surface roughness. Furthermore, cytotoxicity tests showed the high biocompatibility of the ALG-g-PHPMA copolymer and its nanogels. The ALG-g-PHPMA@Et nanogels exhibited a higher anticancer effect on lung cancer (H1299) cells than free etoposide. These results suggest that the ALG-g-PHPMA nanogels can be applied as a pH-dependent nanoplatform for delivering anticancer drugs.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kirikkale University; [2021/053]
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors are thankful to the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kirikkale University [Project number: 2021/053, 2021] for their financial support. We would also like to thank Deva Holding A.S,. (Turkey) for providing the etoposide.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126242
dc.identifier.issn0141-8130
dc.identifier.issn1879-0003
dc.identifier.pmid37562484
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85167564003
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126242
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12587/24459
dc.identifier.volume250
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001058016500001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Journal of Biological Macromolecules
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_20241229
dc.subjectAlginate; pH-responsive nanogel; Poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide); Etoposide
dc.titleDesign and development of pH-responsive alginate-based nanogel carriers for etoposide delivery
dc.typeArticle

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