Monkeypox 2024 outbreak: Fifty essential questions and answers

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dc.authoridVitte, Joana/0000-0002-3344-9408
dc.authoridguemari, amir/0000-0003-0343-9783
dc.authoridFernandez-Santamaria, Ruben/0000-0002-0255-4280
dc.authoridCastagnoli, Riccardo/0000-0003-0029-9383
dc.authoridMurdaca, Giuseppe/0000-0002-6403-6905
dc.contributor.authorCabanillas, Beatriz
dc.contributor.authorMurdaca, Giuseppe
dc.contributor.authorGuemari, Amir
dc.contributor.authorTorres, Maria Jose
dc.contributor.authorAzkur, Ahmet Kursat
dc.contributor.authorAksoy, Emel
dc.contributor.authorVitte, Joana
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-21T16:42:46Z
dc.date.available2025-01-21T16:42:46Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentKırıkkale Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractAs the world still vividly recalls the previous monkeypox (mpox) outbreak that impacted over 120 countries worldwide with more than 99,000 cases in 2022, we are now facing a second wave of infections from the monkeypox virus (MPXV), characterized by an exponential increase in cases. The current 2024 outbreak has already recorded more than 20,000 cases in Africa, marking a dramatic escalation compared to previous outbreaks. The predominance of the newly identified clade Ib variant, first detected in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and now identified across multiple African nations and beyond, underscores its enhanced transmissibility and potential for international spread, evidenced by cases in Sweden and Thailand. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared on August 14, 2024, the current mpox outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), calling for heightened global public health measures. The ongoing pattern of unusual, frequent, and extensive outbreaks of mpox with potential global implications poses significant questions. This review addresses, in the format of 50 questions and answers, the 2024 mpox outbreak, detailing its characteristics, epidemiological data, and impact compared to previous outbreaks. It comprehensively explores critical questions related to MPXV virological characteristics, immunological response, clinical manifestations, epidemiology, diagnostics, and available treatments. The review also documents the significant and evolving challenges posed by the current mpox outbreak, highlighting its scale, spread, and public health response.
dc.description.sponsorshipInstituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through project PI20/00351, co-funded by the European Union. [2023-5A/BIO-28929, 2019-T1/BIO-12690]; Community of Madrid Talento Investigador program (Regional Ministry of Science, Universities, and Innovation, Madrid, Spain) [PI20/00351]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); European Union
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research received funding from the Community of Madrid Talento Investigador program (Regional Ministry of Science, Universities, and Innovation, Madrid, Spain), under the projects 2023-5A/BIO-28929 and 2019-T1/BIO-12690. Additional funding was provided by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through project PI20/00351, co-funded by the European Union.
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/all.16374
dc.identifier.endpage3309
dc.identifier.issn0105-4538
dc.identifier.issn1398-9995
dc.identifier.issue12
dc.identifier.pmid39495103
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85208096657
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage3285
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1111/all.16374
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12587/25126
dc.identifier.volume79
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001357367100001
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/A
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofAllergy
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_20241229
dc.subjectmonkeypox; outbreak; poxvirus; upsurge; viral zoonosis; zoonotic infection
dc.titleMonkeypox 2024 outbreak: Fifty essential questions and answers
dc.typeReview Article

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