Aged Garlic Extract Attenuates Neuronal Injury in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

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dc.contributor.authorCemil, Berker
dc.contributor.authorGokce, Emre Cemal
dc.contributor.authorKahveci, Ramazan
dc.contributor.authorGokce, Aysun
dc.contributor.authorAksoy, Nurkan
dc.contributor.authorSargon, Mustafa Fevzi
dc.contributor.authorKosem, Bahadir
dc.date.accessioned2020-06-25T18:16:30Z
dc.date.available2020-06-25T18:16:30Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.departmentKırıkkale Üniversitesi
dc.descriptionSargon, Mustafa Fevzi/0000-0001-6360-6008
dc.description.abstractGarlic has been used as a food as well as a component of traditional medicine. Aged garlic extract (AGE) is claimed to promote human health through antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activities with neuroprotective effects. We evaluated the possible beneficial effect of AGE neurologically, pathologically, ultrastructurally, and biochemically in a spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model of rats. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham (no I/R), I/R, and AGE (I/R+AGE); each group consisted of eight animals. Animals were evaluated neurologically with the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scoring system. The spinal cord tissue samples were harvested for pathological and ultrastructural examinations. Oxidative products (Malondialdehyde, nitric oxide), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase), inflammatory cytokines (tissue tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1), and caspase-3 activity were analyzed. The AGE group had significantly higher BBB scores than the I/R group. Pathologically, AGE group revealed reduced degree of ischemia and spinal cord edema. Ultrastructural results also showed preservation of tissue structure in the AGE group. Oxidative product levels of the I/R group were significantly higher than both the other groups, and antioxidant enzyme levels of AGE group were significantly higher than the I/R group. There was also significant difference between the sham and AGE groups in terms of total antioxidant enzyme levels. Furthermore, AGE treatment significantly reduced the inflammatory cytokines and caspase-3 activity than the I/R group. This study demonstrates the considerable neuroprotective effect of AGE on the neurological, pathological, ultrastructural, and biochemical status of rats with I/R-induced spinal cord injury.en_US
dc.identifier.citationclosedAccessen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1089/jmf.2016.0018
dc.identifier.endpage606en_US
dc.identifier.issn1096-620X
dc.identifier.issn1557-7600
dc.identifier.issue6en_US
dc.identifier.pmid27183321
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-84974594013
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.startpage601en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2016.0018
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12587/6546
dc.identifier.volume19en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000377433000011
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMary Ann Liebert, Incen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal Of Medicinal Food
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectaged garlic extracten_US
dc.subjectischemiaen_US
dc.subjectreperfusion injuryen_US
dc.subjectspinal corden_US
dc.subjectspinal cord protectionen_US
dc.titleAged Garlic Extract Attenuates Neuronal Injury in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Ischemia/Reperfusion Injuryen_US
dc.typeArticle

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